scholarly journals Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells and their Extracellular Vesicle Progeny Decrease Injury in Poststenotic Swine Kidney Through Different Mechanisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (18) ◽  
pp. 1190-1200
Author(s):  
Yu Zhao ◽  
Xiangyang Zhu ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Christopher M. Ferguson ◽  
Turun Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Swine Kidney

scholarly journals Extracellular vesicle miR-7977 is involved in hematopoietic dysfunction of mesenchymal stromal cells via poly(rC) binding protein 1 reduction in myeloid neoplasms

Haematologica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroto Horiguchi ◽  
Masayoshi Kobune ◽  
Shohei Kikuchi ◽  
Masahiro Yoshida ◽  
Masaki Murata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Myeloid Neoplasms

scholarly journals Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Modulate Macrophages in Clinically Relevant Lung Injury Models by Extracellular Vesicle Mitochondrial Transfer

2017 ◽  
Vol 196 (10) ◽  
pp. 1275-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Morrison ◽  
Megan V. Jackson ◽  
Erin K. Cunningham ◽  
Adrien Kissenpfennig ◽  
Daniel F. McAuley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Mitochondrial Transfer ◽  
Injury Models

scholarly journals Extracellular vesicle-mediated cell–cell communication in haematological neoplasms

2017 ◽  
Vol 373 (1737) ◽  
pp. 20160484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko H. Ohyashiki ◽  
Tomohiro Umezu ◽  
Kazuma Ohyashiki
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Tumour Microenvironment ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Emerging Issues ◽  
Haematological Neoplasms ◽  
Cell Cell

Crosstalk between bone marrow tumour cells and surrounding cells, including bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs), endothelial cells and immune cells, is important for tumour growth in haematological neoplasms. In addition to conventional signalling pathways, extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are endosome-derived vesicles containing proteins, mRNAs, lipids and miRNAs, can facilitate modulation of the bone marrow microenvironment without directly contacting non-tumourous cells. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of EV-mediated cell–cell communication in haematological neoplasms, particularly leukaemia and multiple myeloma. We highlight the actions of tumour and BM-MSC EVs in multiple myeloma. The origin of EVs, their tropism and mechanism of EV transfer are emerging issues that need to be addressed in EV-mediated cell–cell communication in haematological neoplasms. This article is part of the discussion meeting issue ‘Extracellular vesicles and the tumour microenvironment’.

scholarly journals Potential of Extracellular Vesicle-Associated TSG-6 from Adipose Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Traumatic Brain Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6761
Author(s):  
Santiago Roura ◽  
Marta Monguió-Tortajada ◽  
Micaela Munizaga-Larroudé ◽  
Marta Clos-Sansalvador ◽  
Marcella Franquesa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Cell Contact

Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) represent a promising strategy for a variety of medical applications. Although only a limited number of MSC engraft and survive after in vivo cellular infusion, MSC have shown beneficial effects on immunomodulation and tissue repair. This indicates that the contribution of MSC exists in paracrine signaling, rather than a cell-contact effect of MSC. In this review, we focus on current knowledge about tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6) and mechanisms based on extracellular vesicles (EV) that govern long-lasting immunosuppressive and regenerative activity of MSC. In this context, in particular, we discuss the very robust set of findings by Jha and colleagues, and the opportunity to potentially extend their research focus on EV isolated in concentrated conditioned media (CCM) from adipose tissue derived MSC (ASC). Particularly, the authors showed that ASC-CCM mitigated visual deficits after mild traumatic brain injury in mice. TSG-6 knockdown ASC were, then, used to generate TSG-6-depleted CCM that were not able to replicate the alleviation of abnormalities in injured animals. In light of the presented results, we envision that the infusion of much distilled ASC-CCM could enhance the alleviation of visual abnormalities. In terms of EV research, the advantages of using size-exclusion chromatography are also highlighted because of the enrichment of purer and well-defined EV preparations. Taken together, this could further delineate and boost the benefit of using MSC-based regenerative therapies in the context of forthcoming clinical research testing in diseases that disrupt immune system homeostasis.

scholarly journals Methods and efficacy of extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stromal cells in animal models of disease: a preclinical systematic review protocol

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvin Tieu ◽  
Mitchell Slobodian ◽  
Dean A. Fergusson ◽  
Joshua Montroy ◽  
Dylan Burger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cell ◽  
Stromal Cell ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Tissue Source ◽  
Models Of Disease

Abstract Background Over the past decade, mesenchymal stromal cells have been increasingly investigated for their therapeutic potential in several different illnesses. However, cell therapy can be limited by potentially serious adverse events including cell embolus formation and tumorigenesis. Importantly, the protective effects of mesenchymal stromal cells are largely mediated by paracrine mechanisms including release of extracellular vesicles. This systematic review intends to synthesize the current knowledge of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles as a therapeutic option for preclinical models of disease, inflammation, or injury. Methods A systematic literature search of MEDLINE, Embase, and BIOSIS databases will be conducted. Interventional preclinical in vivo studies using extracellular vesicles derived from any tissue source of mesenchymal stromal cells will be included. Studies will be screened by abstract, and full-text by two independent reviewers. Eligible studies will undergo data extraction with subcategorization into domains based on disease. Methods utilized for extracellular vesicle characterization and isolation will be collected, as well as information on interventional traits, such as tissue source of mesenchymal stromal cells, dosage regimen, and vesicle modifications. Reported outcomes will be collected to determine which diseases studied may be impacted most from treatment with mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles. Discussion This systematic review will summarize preclinical studies investigating the therapeutic efficacy of both small and large extracellular vesicles derived by mesenchymal stromal cells. Extracellular vesicles represent a possibility to harness the benefits of mesenchymal stromal cells with added benefits of reduced manufacturing costs and an improved safety profile. Hence, there has been an exponential increase in interest for developing this cell-free therapy with hundreds of preclinical studies published to date. However, a vast amount of heterogeneity between groups relates to methods of extracellular vesicle isolation, characterization, and study design. This review will capture this heterogeneity and identify the most commonly used and optimal approaches to evaluate mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicle treatment. A meta-analysis of outcomes within each disease domain will help elucidate which fields of research demonstrate promise for developing extracellular vesicles as a novel cell-free therapy. Summarizing this robust information on extracellular vesicles as an intervention can provide guidance for designing preclinical studies with hopes of future clinical translation.

scholarly journals Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome: Cell-free Therapeutic Strategy in Regenerative Medicine

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Meiliana ◽  
Nurrani Mustika Dewi ◽  
Andi Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Micro Rna ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Cells Of Origin ◽  
A Cell

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem (stromal) cells (MSCs) have a multipotent character, able to differentiate into several cell types, thus MSC serve as a cell reservoir for regenerative medicine. MSC therapeutic potency more associated to their immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties rather than the multipotency, by its mechanism to secrete soluble factors with paracrine actions.CONTENT: MSC paracrine function was known to mediated partly by extracellular vesicles (EVs), which were released predominantly from the endosomal compartment contained in MSC secretome. EV contain a cargo bring micro RNA (miRNA), messenger RNA (mRNA), and proteins from their cells of origin, propose EV as a novel alternative to whole cell therapies, regarding the benefit of EV in safety and easier storage compared to the parent cells.SUMMARY: The discovery of EVs including exosomes in MSC secretome as key of stem cells beneficial function lead to the future hope of using cell-free regenerative therapies.KEYWORDS: MSC, secretome, conditioned media, extracellular vesicle, exosome

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