Deubiquitinase MYSM1 Is Essential for Normal Fetal Liver Hematopoiesis and for the Maintenance of Hematopoietic Stem Cells in Adult Bone Marrow

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (16) ◽  
pp. 1865-1877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Förster ◽  
Jad I. Belle ◽  
Jessica C. Petrov ◽  
Edward J. Ryder ◽  
Simon Clare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Adult Bone Marrow ◽  
Adult Bone

scholarly journals Development of adult bone marrow stem cells in H-2-compatible and -incompatible mouse fetuses.

1984 ◽  
Vol 159 (3) ◽  
pp. 731-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
R A Fleischman ◽  
B Mintz
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Donor Strain ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Adult Bone Marrow ◽  
Adult Bone

Bone marrow of normal adult mice was found, after transplacental inoculation, to contain cells still able to seed the livers of early fetuses. The recipients' own hematopoietic stem cells, with a W-mutant defect, were at a selective disadvantage. Progression of donor strain cells to the bone marrow, long-term self-renewal, and differentiation into myeloid and lymphoid derivatives was consistent with the engraftment of totipotent hematopoietic stem cells (THSC) comparable to precursors previously identified (4) in normal fetal liver. More limited stem cells, specific for the myeloid or lymphoid cell lineages, were not detected in adult bone marrow. The bone marrow THSC, however, had a generally lower capacity for self-renewal than did fetal liver THSC. They had also embarked upon irreversible changes in gene expression, including partial histocompatibility restriction. While completely allogeneic fetal liver THSC were readily accepted by fetuses, H-2 incompatibility only occasionally resulted in engraftment of adult bone marrow cells and, in these cases, was often associated with sudden death at 3-5 mo. On the other hand, H-2 compatibility, even with histocompatibility differences at other loci, was sufficient to ensure long-term success as often as with fetal liver THSC.

scholarly journals GATA-2 Plays Two Functionally Distinct Roles during the Ontogeny of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 200 (7) ◽  
pp. 871-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kam-Wing Ling ◽  
Katrin Ottersbach ◽  
Jan Piet van Hamburg ◽  
Aneta Oziemlak ◽  
Fong-Ying Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Gene Dosage ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Mouse Development ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Adult Bone Marrow ◽  
Adult Bone

GATA-2 is an essential transcription factor in the hematopoietic system that is expressed in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and progenitors. Complete deficiency of GATA-2 in the mouse leads to severe anemia and embryonic lethality. The role of GATA-2 and dosage effects of this transcription factor in HSC development within the embryo and adult are largely unexplored. Here we examined the effects of GATA-2 gene dosage on the generation and expansion of HSCs in several hematopoietic sites throughout mouse development. We show that a haploid dose of GATA-2 severely reduces production and expansion of HSCs specifically in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros region (which autonomously generates the first HSCs), whereas quantitative reduction of HSCs is minimal or unchanged in yolk sac, fetal liver, and adult bone marrow. However, HSCs in all these ontogenically distinct anatomical sites are qualitatively defective in serial or competitive transplantation assays. Also, cytotoxic drug-induced regeneration studies show a clear GATA-2 dose–related proliferation defect in adult bone marrow. Thus, GATA-2 plays at least two functionally distinct roles during ontogeny of HSCs: the production and expansion of HSCs in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros and the proliferation of HSCs in the adult bone marrow.

scholarly journals Expression of murine CD38 defines a population of long-term reconstituting hematopoietic stem cells

Blood ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 87 (10) ◽  
pp. 4057-4067 ◽  
Author(s):  
TD Randall ◽  
FE Lund ◽  
MC Howard ◽  
IL Weissman
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Adult Bone Marrow ◽  
Adult Bone

Using a monoclonal antibody to murine CD38, we showed that a population of adult bone marrow cells that expressed the markers Sca-1 and c-kit but lacked the lineage markers Mac-1, GR-1, B220, IgM, CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD5 could be subdivided by the expression of CD38. We showed that CD38high c-kit+ Sca-1+, linlow/-cells sorted from adult bone marrow cultured with interleukin-3 (IL-3), IL-6, and kit-L produced much larger colonies in liquid culture at a greater frequency than their CD38low/- counterparts. In addition, we found that CD36low/ - cells contained most of the day-12 colony-forming units-spleen (CFU-S) but were not long-term reconstituting cells, whereas the population that expressed higher levels of CD38 contained few, but significant, day-12 CFU-S and virtually all the long-term reconstituting stem cells. Interestingly, the CD38high Sca-1+ c-kit+ linlow/- cells isolated from day-E14.5 fetal liver were also found to be long-term reconstituting stem cells. This is in striking contrast to human hematopoietic progenitors in which the most primitive hematopoietic cells from fetal tissues lack the expression of CD38. Furthermore, because antibodies to CD38 could functionally replace antibodies to Thy-1.1 in a stem cell purification procedure, the use of anti-CD38 may be more generally applicable to the purification of hematopoietic stem cells from mouse strains that do not express the Thy-1.1 allele.

scholarly journals Hematopoietic Jagged1 Is Required for the Transition of Hematopoietic Stem Cells from the Fetal Liver to the Adult Bone Marrow Niche

Blood ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 136 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 10-11
Author(s):  
Lijian Shao ◽  
Na Yoon Paik ◽  
Kostandin V. Pajcini
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Notch Signaling ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Hematopoietic Development ◽  
Adult Bone Marrow ◽  
Adult Bone

Notch signaling is known to play important roles in hematopoietic development and differentiation. Notch1 is required for emergence of the definitive hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from the hemogenic endothelium, and we have previously shown that Notch signaling is essential for survival and function of HSCs in the fetal liver. Activation of canonical Notch signaling requires direct cellular contact; thus, the identity of the ligand and the ligand-presenting cell during hematopoietic development would provide valuable information of the Notch signaling mechanism in HSCs as well as the identity of key niche cells that drive the expansion and cell fate decisions of embryonic HSCs. In the present study, we have taken a comprehensive approach to determine the ligands and cells that initiate Notch signaling in the mouse fetal liver. To this end, we have performed single-cell PCR analysis for all Notch signaling proteins in E14.5 fetal HSCs and compared the findings to the adult bone marrow HSCs. We also have analyzed fetal liver endothelial cells for surface expression of all Notch ligands. We determined that Jagged1 (Jag1) is highly expressed in both endothelial cells as well as in fetal HSCs but not adult HSCs. We have performed conditional loss-of-function analysis of Jag1 in fetal endothelial cells using inducible Ve-cadherinCreERT2 as well as in fetal hematopoietic lineages using constitutive VavCre. Our results indicate that while loss of endothelial Jag1 has severe effects in embryonic vascular development, loss of hematopoietic Jag1 allows for normal fetal morphology, yet severely impedes the functional ability of fetal liver HSCs to expand and differentiate both in vitro and in vivo. Fetal to adult transplantation of VavCre+Jag1f/f HSCs indicated a defect in reconstitution potential of fetal HSCs that lack Jag1 expression. Our findings indicate that hematopoietic Jag1 is essential for maturation of HSCs in the fetal liver and for homing and reconstitution potential of HSCs into the post-natal bone marrow microenvironment. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Insulin-like growth factor 2 expressed in a novel fetal liver cell population is a growth factor for hematopoietic stem cells

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 103 (7) ◽  
pp. 2513-2521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Cheng Zhang ◽  
Harvey F. Lodish
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Adult Bone Marrow ◽  
Fetal Liver Cells ◽  
Adult Bone

Abstract Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) undergo dramatic expansion during fetal liver development, but attempts to expand their numbers ex vivo have failed. We hypothesized that unidentified fetal liver cells produce growth factors that support HSC proliferation. Here we describe a novel population of CD3+ and Ter119- day-15 fetal liver cells that support HSC expansion in culture, as determined by limiting dilution mouse reconstitution analyses. DNA array experiments showed that, among other proteins, insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) is specifically expressed in fetal liver CD3+ cells but not in several cells that do not support HSCs. Treatment of fetal liver CD3+Ter119- cells with anti–IGF-2 abrogated their HSC supportive activity, suggesting that IGF-2 is the key molecule produced by these cells that stimulates HSC expansion. All mouse fetal liver and adult bone marrow HSCs express receptors for IGF-2. Indeed, when combined with other growth factors, IGF-2 supports a 2-fold expansion of day-15 fetal liver Lin-Sca-1+c-Kit+ long-term (LT)–HSC numbers. Thus, fetal liver CD3+Ter119- cells are a novel stromal population that is capable of supporting HSC expansion, and IGF-2, produced by these cells, is an important growth factor for fetal liver and, as we show, adult bone marrow HSCs.

scholarly journals The repopulation potential of fetal liver hematopoietic stem cells in mice exceeds that of their liver adult bone marrow counterparts

Blood ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 87 (8) ◽  
pp. 3500-3507 ◽  
Author(s):  
VI Rebel ◽  
CL Miller ◽  
CJ Eaves ◽  
PM Lansdorp
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Adult Bone Marrow ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adult Bone ◽  
Marrow Cells

Varying, limiting numbers of unseparated or purified cells (Ly-5.1), either from 14.5-day-old fetal liver (FL) or from adult bone marrow (BM) were coinjected with 10(5) unseparated BM cells (Ly-5.2) into lethally irradiated adult C57B1/6 recipients (Ly-5.2). The kinetics of donor cell repopulation of the lymphoid and myeloid compartments by Ly- 5.1+ donor hematopoietic stem cells (ie, competitive repopulation units [CRU]) were monitored at various time points after the transplantation by Ly-5 analysis of the peripheral white blood cells (WBC). Recipients that had received on average less than 2 adult BM or FL CRU did not show a significant difference in the level of donor-reconstitution when analyzed 4 weeks after the transplantation, However, at 8 and 16 weeks, the FL recipients showed a significantly higher percentage of donor- derived nucleated peripheral blood cells than did the recipients of adult BM cells. Analysis of individual mice showed that approximately 80% of the recipients of FL CRU showed an increase in mature WBC output between 4 and 8 weeks after transplantation, whereas this occurred in less than 40% in the recipients of adult BM cells. In addition to this effect on mature cell output, the cellularity of the reconstituted BM was significantly higher in recipients of FL CRU than in recipients of adult BM CRU, even at 7 to 9 months after transplantation, which is consistent with an increased clonal expansion of FL CRU. When marrow cells from primary recipients of FL CRU were injected into secondary recipients, a significantly higher percentage of these mice showed donor-reconstitution of their lymphoid and myeloid compartments (P < .01) and to a greater extent (P < .008) as compared with mice that had received marrow cells from primary recipients of similar numbers of adult BM CRU. Taken together, these results show that individual FL CRU exhibit a greater proliferative activity in vivo than similar cells from adult BM that is accompanied by a greater production of daughter CRU.

scholarly journals Cadherin-Based Adhesion Is a Potential Target for Niche Manipulation to Protect Hematopoietic Stem Cells in Adult Bone Marrow

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kentaro Hosokawa ◽  
Fumio Arai ◽  
Hiroki Yoshihara ◽  
Hiroko Iwasaki ◽  
Mark Hembree ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Adult Bone Marrow ◽  
Potential Target ◽  
Adult Bone

scholarly journals Telomerase Activity in Candidate Stem Cells From Fetal Liver and Adult Bone Marrow

Blood ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 91 (9) ◽  
pp. 3255-3262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Yui ◽  
Choy-Pik Chiu ◽  
Peter M. Lansdorp
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
Telomerase Activity ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Adult Bone Marrow ◽  
Cell Extracts ◽  
Adult Bone

Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein polymerase that synthesizes telomeric repeats onto the 3′ ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. Activation of telomerase may prevent telomeric shortening and correlates with cell immortality in the germline and certain tumor cells. Candidate hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) from adult bone marrow express low levels of telomerase, which is upregulated with proliferation and/or differentiation. To address this issue, we stimulated purified candidate HSC from human adult bone marrow with stem cell factor (SCF), interleukin-3 (IL-3), and Flt3-ligand (FL). After 5 days in culture, activity was detected in total cell extracts from IL-3–, SCF + FL–, SCF + IL-3–, FL + IL-3–, and SCF + IL-3 + FL–stimulated cultures, but not from cells cultured in SCF or FL alone. Within the CD34+fraction of the cultured cells, significant activity was found in the CD34+CD71+ fraction. In addition, PKH26 staining confirmed that detectable telomerase activity was present in dividing PKH26lo cells, whereas nondividing PKH26hi cells were telomerase negative. Because in these experiments no distinction could be made between cycling “candidate” stem cells that had retained or had lost self-renewal properties, fetal liver cells with a CD34+CD38− phenotype, highly enriched for cycling stem cells, were also examined and found to express readily detectable levels of telomerase activity. Given the replication-dependent loss of telomeric DNA in hematopoietic cells, these observations suggest that the observed telomerase activity in candidate stem cells is either expressed in a minor subset of stem cells or, more likely, is not sufficient to prevent telomere shortening.

scholarly journals Rescue of retinal degeneration by intravitreally injected adult bone marrow–derived lineage-negative hematopoietic stem cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 114 (6) ◽  
pp. 765-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Otani ◽  
Michael Ian Dorrell ◽  
Karen Kinder ◽  
Stacey K. Moreno ◽  
Steven Nusinowitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Retinal Degeneration ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Adult Bone Marrow ◽  
Adult Bone
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