scholarly journals Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Initiate Proliferation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Mitochondrial Transfer via Tunneling Nanotubes

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 3104-3113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna C. Vallabhaneni ◽  
Hermann Haller ◽  
Inna Dumler
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Tunneling Nanotubes ◽  
Mitochondrial Transfer

Abstract 573: Vibrational Spectroscopy Discriminates Differentiated Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells From Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Vascular Progeny

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Molony ◽  
Mariana Di Luca ◽  
Jennifer McIntyre ◽  
Bryan Hennelly ◽  
Hugh J Byrne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Vibrational Spectroscopy ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Linear Discriminant

Background: The source of intimal vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) following vascular remodelling has been controversial, with either de-differentiated SMCs and/or stem cell-derived SMCs playing a putative role. Fourier transform Infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy are complementary forms of vibrational spectroscopy which provide an excellent platform for extracting important biochemical data in a label-free manner to discriminate cell types. Aim: Determine whether native differentiated SMCs can be distinguished from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived SMCs using vibrational spectroscopy. Methods: Freshly isolated rat aortic differentiated SMCs (up to passage 4), CD44+ bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), MSC-derived smooth muscle cells (mdSMCs - after TGF-β1 treatment for 14 d) and osteoblasts (mdOSTs - after osteogenic inductive stimulation for 21 d) were grown and fixed on calcium fluoride slides before their respective spectra were recorded by Raman and FTIR Spectroscopy. Multivariate statistical algorithms, including Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), were applied to the spectra in order to classify the cell types based on their biochemical variation. Results: The recorded spectra for each cell type revealed significant visible differences between the cells across all recordings. The PCA score plot discriminated the cells based on their unique characteristics. A combination of PCA-LDA were applied for classification, and a leave one out cross validation resulted in sensitivities and specificities that were >95%. Conclusion: Vibrational spectroscopy discriminates differentiated SMCs from MSC and their vascular progeny and may be useful for identifying these cells as early biomarkers of disease.

scholarly journals Functional expression of smooth muscle-specific ion channels in TGF-β1-treated human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 305 (4) ◽  
pp. C377-C391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won Sun Park ◽  
Soon Chul Heo ◽  
Eun Su Jeon ◽  
Da Hye Hong ◽  
Youn Kyoung Son ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Ion Channels ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Functional Expression ◽  
Vascular Smcs

Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs) have the power to differentiate into various cell types including chondrocytes, osteocytes, adipocytes, neurons, cardiomyocytes, and smooth muscle cells. We characterized the functional expression of ion channels after transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced differentiation of hASCs, providing insights into the differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells. The treatment of hASCs with TGF-β1 dramatically increased the contraction of a collagen-gel lattice and the expression levels of specific genes for smooth muscle including α-smooth muscle actin, calponin, smooth mucle-myosin heavy chain, smoothelin-B, myocardin, and h-caldesmon. We observed Ca2+, big-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa), and voltage-dependent K+ (Kv) currents in TGF-β1-induced, differentiated hASCs and not in undifferentiated hASCs. The currents share the characteristics of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). RT-PCR and Western blotting revealed that the L-type (Cav1.2) and T-type (Cav3.1, 3.2, and 3.3), known to be expressed in vascular SMCs, dramatically increased along with the Cavβ1 and Cavβ3 subtypes in TGF-β1-induced, differentiated hASCs. Although the expression-level changes of the β-subtype BKCa channels varied, the major α-subtype BKCa channel (KCa1.1) clearly increased in the TGF-β1-induced, differentiated hASCs. Most of the Kv subtypes, also known to be expressed in vascular SMCs, dramatically increased in the TGF-β1-induced, differentiated hASCs. Our results suggest that TGF-β1 induces the increased expression of vascular SMC-like ion channels and the differentiation of hASCs into contractile vascular SMCs.

scholarly journals ROLE OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE

2021 ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Cartilage Defects ◽  
Wide Range

In recent years, globally there is an incredible boost in stem cell research has kindled the expectations of both patients and physicians. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) seem to represent a future powerful tool in regenerative medicine, owing to their availability, ease of manipulation, and therapeutic potential, therefore they are particularly important in medical research. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are capable self-renewing, multipotent progenitor cells with multilineage potential to differentiate into cell types, such as adipocytes, cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells, although the relative contribution of trilineage differentiation and paracrine effectors on cardiac repair. MSCs shows to have the beneficial effects of MSC-based therapies offers most attractive options to treatment of wide range of diseases from cartilage defects to cardiac disorders. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are an important cause of death and disease worldwide. Because injured cardiac tissue cannot be repaired itself, it is urgent to develop other alternate therapies. Stem cells can be differentiated into cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells for the treatment of CVDs. In addition to cardiac stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells represent another multipotent cell population in the heart; these cells are located in regions near pericytes and exhibit regenerative, angiogenic, antiapoptotic, and immunosuppressive properties.

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