Role of Senescence and Neuroprotective Effects of Telomerase in Neurodegenerative Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuelu Ding ◽  
Xuewen Liu ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
Xin Geng
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects

Role of Morin in Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 901-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritu Kataria ◽  
Eduardo Sobarzo-Sanchez ◽  
Anurag Khatkar
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Antioxidant Profile ◽  
Target Sites ◽  
Proven Efficacy ◽  
Disease Modifying Treatment

Neurodegenerative diseases are likely to emerge as the second cause of mortality in the world in coming years. NDDs cause tremendous financial burden on the healthcare system along with profound effect on families and patient. Disease-modifying treatment strategies with proven efficacy for these disorders are still lacking. Documentation proved that oxidative stress plays a leading role in the pathophysiology of many neurodegenerative disorders. Molecules with good antioxidant profile could be explored for the doctoring of these conditions. Neuroprotective effects of bioflavonoid morin have been well recognized in the literature. Morin being super antioxidant compound helped in preventing and curing these disorders by suppression of ROS and by inhibition of multiple targets. In this review, we tried to explain various neuropathological conditions with their target sites and neurobiological mechanisms of morin.

Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a key role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases in diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 318 (5) ◽  
pp. E750-E764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Cheng ◽  
Xiaokun Gang ◽  
Yujia Liu ◽  
Gang Wang ◽  
Xue Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunctions ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Mitochondria have an essential function in cell survival due to their role in bioenergetics, reactive oxygen species generation, calcium buffering, and other metabolic activities. Mitochondrial dysfunctions are commonly found in neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), and diabetes is a risk factor for NDs. However, the role of mitochondria in diabetic neurodegeneration is still unclear. In the present study, we review the latest evidence on the role of mitochondrial dysfunctions in the development of diabetes-related NDs and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Hypoglycemic agents, especially metformin, have been proven to have neuroprotective effects in the treatment of diabetes, in which mitochondria could act as one of the underlying mechanisms. Other hypoglycemic agents, including thiazolidinediones (TZDs), dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, have gained more attention because of their beneficial effects on NDs, presumably by improving mitochondrial function. Our review highlights the notion that mitochondria could be a promising therapeutic target in the treatment of NDs in patients with diabetes.

scholarly journals Neuroprotective Effects of Ginseng Phytochemicals: Recent Perspectives

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (16) ◽  
pp. 2939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Huang ◽  
Ning Li ◽  
Yiqiong Pu ◽  
Tong Zhang ◽  
Bing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Ancient Times

As our global population ages, the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases is critical to our society. In recent years, researchers have begun to study the role of biologically active chemicals from plants and herbs to gain new inspiration and develop new therapeutic drugs. Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Mey.) is a famous Chinese herbal medicine with a variety of pharmacological activities. It has been used to treat various diseases since ancient times. Extensive research over the years has shown that ginseng has potential as a neuroprotective drug, and its neuroprotective effects can be used to treat and prevent neurological damage or pathologically related diseases (such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, depression symptoms, and strokes). Moreover, evidence for the medicinal and health benefits of ginsenoside, its main active ingredient, in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases is increasing, and current clinical results have not reported any serious adverse reactions to ginseng. Therefore, we briefly review the recent research and development on the beneficial effects and mechanisms of ginseng and its main active ingredient, ginsenoside, in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, hoping to provide some ideas for the discovery and identification of ginseng neuroprotection.

Exercise-induced neuroprotective effects on neurodegenerative diseases: the key role of trophic factors

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 723-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Campos ◽  
Nuno Barbosa F. Rocha ◽  
Eduardo Lattari ◽  
Flávia Paes ◽  
António E. Nardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Trophic Factors ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Exercise Induced

scholarly journals Role of Phytoconstituents as PPAR Agonists: Implications for Neurodegenerative Disorders

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1914
Author(s):  
Sanjay Sanjay ◽  
Anshul Sharma ◽  
Hae-Jeung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Ppar Agonists

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR-γ, PPAR-α, and PPAR-β/δ) are ligand-dependent nuclear receptors that play a critical role in the regulation of hundreds of genes through their activation. Their expression and targeted activation play an important role in the treatment of a variety of diseases, including neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, diabetes, and cancer. In recent years, several reviews have been published describing the therapeutic potential of PPAR agonists (natural or synthetic) in the disorders listed above; however, no comprehensive report defining the role of naturally derived phytoconstituents as PPAR agonists targeting neurodegenerative diseases has been published. This review will focus on the role of phytoconstituents as PPAR agonists and the relevant preclinical studies and mechanistic insights into their neuroprotective effects. Exemplary research includes flavonoids, fatty acids, cannabinoids, curcumin, genistein, capsaicin, and piperine, all of which have been shown to be PPAR agonists either directly or indirectly. Additionally, a few studies have demonstrated the use of clinical samples in in vitro investigations. The role of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster as a potential model for studying neurodegenerative diseases has also been highlighted.

Role of the Structural Characteristics of Dendrimers in the Manifestation of the Antiamyloid Properties

INEOS OPEN ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Sorokina ◽  
◽  
Yu. Yu. Stroilova ◽  
V. I. Muronets ◽  
Z. B. Shifrina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Short Review ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Amyloid Aggregation ◽  
Amyloid Proteins ◽  
Molecular Parameters ◽  
Amyloid Aggregates ◽  
Aggregation Processes

Among the compounds able to efficiently inhibit the amyloid aggregation of proteins and decompose the amyloid aggregates that cause neurodegenerative diseases, of particular interest are dendrimers, which represent individual macromolecules with the hypercrosslinked architectures and given molecular parameters. This short review outlines the peculiarities of the antiamyloid activity of dendrimers and discusses the effect of dendrimer structures and external factors on their antiamyloid properties. The potential of application of dendrimers in further investigations on the aggregation processes of amyloid proteins as the compounds that exhibit the remarkable antiamyloid activity is evaluated.

Involvement of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Neuropsychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (20) ◽  
pp. 2283-2302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian B. Neis ◽  
Priscila B. Rosa ◽  
Morgana Moretti ◽  
Ana Lucia S. Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Defensive Mechanism

Heme oxygenase (HO) family catalyzes the conversion of heme into free iron, carbon monoxide and biliverdin. It possesses two well-characterized isoforms: HO-1 and HO-2. Under brain physiological conditions, the expression of HO-2 is constitutive, abundant and ubiquitous, whereas HO-1 mRNA and protein are restricted to small populations of neurons and neuroglia. HO-1 is an inducible enzyme that has been shown to participate as an essential defensive mechanism for neurons exposed to oxidant challenges, being related to antioxidant defenses in certain neuropathological conditions. Considering that neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS)) and neuropsychiatric disorders (depression, anxiety, Bipolar Disorder (BD) and schizophrenia) are associated with increased inflammatory markers, impaired redox homeostasis and oxidative stress, conditions that may be associated with alterations in HO-levels/activity, the purpose of this review is to present evidence on the possible role of HO-1 in these Central Nervous System (CNS) diseases. In addition, the possible therapeutic potential of targeting brain HO-1 is explored in this review.

Flavonoids and its Neuroprotective Effects on Brain Ischemia and Neurodegenerative Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 1710-1720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish Putteeraj ◽  
Wei Ling Lim ◽  
Seong Lin Teoh ◽  
Mohamad Fairuz Yahaya
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Brain Ischemia ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects

Role of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) in organophosphate metabolism: Implications in neurodegenerative diseases

2011 ◽  
Vol 256 (3) ◽  
pp. 418-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasilis P. Androutsopoulos ◽  
Konstantinos Kanavouras ◽  
Aristidis M. Tsatsakis
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Paraoxonase 1
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