scholarly journals Long-Term Consequences of Traumatic Brain Injury: Current Status of Potential Mechanisms of Injury and Neurological Outcomes

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (23) ◽  
pp. 1834-1848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen M. Bramlett ◽  
W. Dalton Dietrich
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Neurological Outcomes ◽  
Long Term Consequences

Sa2015 Traumatic Brain Injury and Intestinal Dysfunction: Investigating a Putative Role of the Brain-Gut Axis in Long-Term Consequences of Injury

2015 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. S-384
Author(s):  
Elise L. Ma ◽  
Allen Smith ◽  
Neemesh Desai ◽  
Alan Faden ◽  
Terez Shea-Donohue
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Putative Role ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
The Brain

Propylparaben Reduces the Long-Term Consequences in Hippocampus Induced by Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats: Its Implications as Therapeutic Strategy to Prevent Neurodegenerative Diseases

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Cindy Santiago-Castañeda ◽  
Marysol Segovia-Oropeza ◽  
Luis Concha ◽  
Sandra Adela Orozco-Suárez ◽  
Luisa Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hippocampal Damage ◽  
Neuroprotective Strategy ◽  
Long Term Consequences

Background: Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), an important risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease, induces long-term hippocampal damage and hyperexcitability. On the other hand, studies support that propylparaben (PPB) induces hippocampal neuroprotection in neurodegenerative diseases. Objective: Experiments were designed to evaluate the effects of subchronic treatment with PPB on TBI-induced changes in the hippocampus of rats. Methods: Severe TBI was induced using the lateral fluid percussion model. Subsequently, rats received subchronic administration with PPB (178 mg/kg, TBI+PPB) or vehicle (TBI+PEG) daily for 5 days. The following changes were examined during the experimental procedure: sensorimotor dysfunction, changes in hippocampal excitability, as well as neuronal damage and volume. Results: TBI+PEG group showed sensorimotor dysfunction (p <  0.001), hyperexcitability (64.2%, p <  0.001), and low neuronal preservation ipsi- and contralateral to the trauma. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis revealed lower volume (17.2%; p <  0.01) and great damage to the ipsilateral hippocampus. TBI+PPB group showed sensorimotor dysfunction that was partially reversed 30 days after trauma. This group showed hippocampal excitability and neuronal preservation similar to the control group. However, MRI analysis revealed lower hippocampal volume (p <  0.05) when compared with the control group. Conclusion: The present study confirms that post-TBI subchronic administration with PPB reduces the long-term consequences of trauma in the hippocampus. Implications of PPB as a neuroprotective strategy to prevent the development of Alzheimer’s disease as consequence of TBI are discussed.

scholarly journals Traumatic brain injury-induced cerebral microbleeds in the elderly

GeroScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Toth ◽  
Andras Czigler ◽  
Peter Horvath ◽  
Balint Kornyei ◽  
Nikolett Szarka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cerebral Microbleeds ◽  
Balance Function ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Gait Disturbances ◽  
Relevant Outcome

Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) was shown to lead to the development of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), which are associated with long term cognitive decline and gait disturbances in patients. The elderly is one of the most vulnerable parts of the population to suffer TBI. Importantly, ageing is known to exacerbate microvascular fragility and to promote the formation of CMBs. In this overview, the effect of ageing is discussed on the development and characteristics of TBI-related CMBs, with special emphasis on CMBs associated with mild TBI. Four cases of TBI-related CMBs are described to illustrate the concept that ageing exacerbates the deleterious microvascular effects of TBI and that similar brain trauma may induce more CMBs in old patients than in young ones. Recommendations are made for future prospective studies to establish the mechanistic effects of ageing on the formation of CMBs after TBI, and to determine long-term consequences of CMBs on clinically relevant outcome measures including cognitive performance, gait and balance function.

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