Near Infrared Transcranial Laser Therapy Applied at Various Modes to Mice following Traumatic Brain Injury Significantly Reduces Long-Term Neurological Deficits

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Oron ◽  
Uri Oron ◽  
Jackson Streeter ◽  
Luis De Taboada ◽  
Alexander Alexandrovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Neurological Deficits

Low-Level Laser Therapy Applied Transcranially to Mice following Traumatic Brain Injury Significantly Reduces Long-term Neurological Deficits

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Oron ◽  
Uri Oron ◽  
Jackson Streeter ◽  
Luis De Taboada ◽  
Alexander Alexandrovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Low Level Laser Therapy ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Low Level Laser ◽  
Level Laser

scholarly journals Annexin A2 Deficiency Exacerbates Neuroinflammation and Long-Term Neurological Deficits after Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 6125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Liu ◽  
Yinghua Jiang ◽  
Joon Yong Chung ◽  
Yadan Li ◽  
Zhanyang Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Neurovascular Unit ◽  
Annexin A2 ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Endogenous Factors ◽  
The Brain

Our laboratory and others previously showed that Annexin A2 knockout (A2KO) mice had impaired blood–brain barrier (BBB) development and elevated pro-inflammatory response in macrophages, implying that Annexin A2 (AnxA2) might be one of the key endogenous factors for maintaining homeostasis of the neurovascular unit in the brain. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important cause of disability and mortality worldwide, and neurovascular inflammation plays an important role in the TBI pathophysiology. In the present study, we aimed to test the hypothesis that A2KO promotes pro-inflammatory response in the brain and worsens neurobehavioral outcomes after TBI. TBI was conducted by a controlled cortical impact (CCI) device in mice. Our experimental results showed AnxA2 expression was significantly up-regulated in response to TBI at day three post-TBI. We also found more production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the A2KO mouse brain, while there was a significant increase of inflammatory adhesion molecules mRNA expression in isolated cerebral micro-vessels of A2KO mice compared with wild-type (WT) mice. Consistently, the A2KO mice brains had a significant increase in leukocyte brain infiltration at two days after TBI. Importantly, A2KO mice had significantly worse sensorimotor and cognitive function deficits up to 28 days after TBI and significantly larger brain tissue loss. Therefore, these results suggested that AnxA2 deficiency results in exacerbated early neurovascular pro-inflammation, which leads to a worse long-term neurologic outcome after TBI.

Possible protective effect of endogenous opioids in traumatic brain injury

1990 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald L. Hayes ◽  
Bruce G. Lyeth ◽  
Larry W. Jenkins ◽  
Richard Zimmerman ◽  
Tracy K. McIntosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Endogenous Opioids ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fluid Percussion ◽  
Fluid Percussion Injury ◽  
Drug Treatments

✓ Naloxone (0.1, 1.0, or 20.0 mg/kg), morphine (1.0 or 10.0 mg/kg), or saline was administered systemically intraperitoneally to rats 15 minutes prior to moderate fluid-percussion brain injury. The effects of the drugs were measured on systemic physiological, neurological, and body-weight responses to injury. The animals were trained prior to injury and were assessed for 10 days after injury on body-weight responses and neurological endpoints. Low doses of naloxone (0.1 or 1.0 mg/kg) significantly exacerbated neurological deficits associated with injury. Morphine (10.0 mg/kg) significantly reduced neurological deficits associated with injury. The drugs had no effect on neurological measures or body weight in sham-injured animals. Drug treatments did not significantly alter systemic physiological responses to injury. Data from these experiments suggest the involvement of endogenous opioids in at least some components of neurological deficits following traumatic brain injury and suggest the possibility that at least some classes of endogenous opioids may protect against long-term neurological deficits produced by fluid-percussion injury to the rat.

scholarly journals Near-Infrared Cerebrovascular Reactivity for Monitoring Cerebral Autoregulation and Predicting Outcomes in Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Proposal for a Pilot Observational Study

10.2196/18740 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e18740
Author(s):  
Alwyn Gomez ◽  
Joshua Dian ◽  
Logan Froese ◽  
Frederick Adam Zeiler
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Cerebrovascular Reactivity ◽  
Biomedical Signal Processing ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Arterial Blood

Background Impaired cerebrovascular reactivity after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in adults is emerging as an important prognostic factor, with strong independent association with 6-month outcomes. To date, it is unknown if impaired cerebrovascular reactivity during the acute phase is associated with ongoing impaired continuously measured cerebrovascular reactivity in the long-term, and if such measures are associated with clinical phenotype at those points in time. Objective We describe a prospective pilot study to assess the use of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to derive continuous measures of cerebrovascular reactivity during the acute and long-term phases of TBI in adults. Methods Over 2 years, we will recruit up to 80 adults with moderate/severe TBI admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with invasive intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring. These patients will undergo high-frequency data capture of ICP, arterial blood pressure (ABP), and NIRS for the first 5 days of care. Patients will then have 30 minutes of noninvasive NIRS and ABP monitoring in the clinic at 3, 6, and 12 months post-injury. Outcomes will be assessed via the Glasgow Outcome Scale and Short Form-12 questionnaires. Various relationships between NIRS and ICP-derived cerebrovascular reactivity metrics and associated outcomes will be assessed using biomedical signal processing techniques and both multivariate and time-series statistical methodologies. Results Study recruitment began at the end of February 2020, with data collection ongoing and three patients enrolled at the time of writing. The expected duration of data collection will be from February 2020 to January 2022, as per our local research ethics board approval (B2018:103). Support for this work has been obtained through the National Institutes of Health (NIH) through the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) (R03NS114335), funded in January 2020. Conclusions With the application of NIRS technology for monitoring of patients with TBI, we expect to be able to outline core relationships between noninvasively measured aspects of cerebral physiology and invasive measures, as well as patient outcomes. Documenting these relationships carries the potential to revolutionize the way we monitor patients with TBI, moving to more noninvasive techniques. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/18740

scholarly journals Near-Infrared Cerebrovascular Reactivity for Monitoring Cerebral Autoregulation and Predicting Outcomes in Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Proposal for a Pilot Observational Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alwyn Gomez ◽  
Joshua Dian ◽  
Logan Froese ◽  
Frederick Adam Zeiler
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Cerebrovascular Reactivity ◽  
Biomedical Signal Processing ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Arterial Blood

BACKGROUND Impaired cerebrovascular reactivity after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in adults is emerging as an important prognostic factor, with strong independent association with 6-month outcomes. To date, it is unknown if impaired cerebrovascular reactivity during the acute phase is associated with ongoing impaired continuously measured cerebrovascular reactivity in the long-term, and if such measures are associated with clinical phenotype at those points in time. OBJECTIVE We describe a prospective pilot study to assess the use of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to derive continuous measures of cerebrovascular reactivity during the acute and long-term phases of TBI in adults. METHODS Over 2 years, we will recruit up to 80 adults with moderate/severe TBI admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with invasive intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring. These patients will undergo high-frequency data capture of ICP, arterial blood pressure (ABP), and NIRS for the first 5 days of care. Patients will then have 30 minutes of noninvasive NIRS and ABP monitoring in the clinic at 3, 6, and 12 months post-injury. Outcomes will be assessed via the Glasgow Outcome Scale and Short Form-12 questionnaires. Various relationships between NIRS and ICP-derived cerebrovascular reactivity metrics and associated outcomes will be assessed using biomedical signal processing techniques and both multivariate and time-series statistical methodologies. RESULTS Study recruitment began at the end of February 2020, with data collection ongoing and three patients enrolled at the time of writing. The expected duration of data collection will be from February 2020 to January 2022, as per our local research ethics board approval (B2018:103). Support for this work has been obtained through the National Institutes of Health (NIH) through the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) (R03NS114335), funded in January 2020. CONCLUSIONS With the application of NIRS technology for monitoring of patients with TBI, we expect to be able to outline core relationships between noninvasively measured aspects of cerebral physiology and invasive measures, as well as patient outcomes. Documenting these relationships carries the potential to revolutionize the way we monitor patients with TBI, moving to more noninvasive techniques. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT DERR1-10.2196/18740

scholarly journals CT Scan importance in the first eight hours of head injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 766
Author(s):  
Mohammed Alfageeh ◽  
Moneerah Bahran ◽  
Sultan Albargi ◽  
Ibrahim Althomali ◽  
Adnan Alzahrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
The Brain

Traumatic brain injury following head injury is a major public health problem that can result in significant long-term morbidity and mortality among adults and children worldwide. Emergency brain imaging is necessary for individuals subjected to traumatic brain injury to early detect treatable conditions. Prompt neurosurgical management of treatable conditions can prevent further damage and secondary neurological deficits. This will subsequently improve the outcome and reduce long-term disability. Computed Tomography (CT) of the brain is the investigation of choice for assessment of patients with head injury due to its availability, advantages, and sensitivity for multiple lesions following head trauma. This article will review and discuss the importance of CT imaging in evaluating patients with traumatic brain injury, its advantages, limitations, and prognostic values.

scholarly journals Long-Term Kinetics of Immunologic Components and Neurological Deficits in Rats Following Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 1707-1718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruojing Bai ◽  
Huabin Gao ◽  
Zhaoli Han ◽  
Xintong Ge ◽  
Shan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Kinetics Of

Traumatic Brain Injury: A Trauma Surgeon's Perspective

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
Oscar D. Guillamondegui
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Trauma Team ◽  
The United States ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Injured Brain ◽  
The Moment

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious epidemic in the United States. It affects patients of all ages, race, and socioeconomic status (SES). The current care of these patients typically manifests after sequelae have been identified after discharge from the hospital, long after the inciting event. The purpose of this article is to introduce the concept of identification and management of the TBI patient from the moment of injury through long-term care as a multidisciplinary approach. By promoting an awareness of the issues that develop around the acutely injured brain and linking them to long-term outcomes, the trauma team can initiate care early to alter the effect on the patient, family, and community. Hopefully, by describing the care afforded at a trauma center and by a multidisciplinary team, we can bring a better understanding to the armamentarium of methods utilized to treat the difficult population of TBI patients.

Prosodic Impairment Associated With Traumatic Brain Injury

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
Billy Irwin
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Acoustic Characteristics ◽  
Individual Variations

Abstract Purpose: This article discusses impaired prosody production subsequent to traumatic brain injury (TBI). Prosody may affect naturalness and intelligibility of speech significantly, often for the long term, and TBI may result in a variety of impairments. Method: Intonation, rate, and stress production are discussed in terms of the perceptual, physiological, and acoustic characteristics associated with TBI. Results and Conclusions: All aspects of prosodic production are susceptible to the effects of damage resulting from TBI. There are commonly associated prosodic impairments; however, individual variations in specific aspects of prosody require detailed analysis.

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