First Detection and Characterization of Macrolide-Resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae from People with Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narjes Noori Goodarzi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Pourmand ◽  
Maryam Arfaatabar ◽  
Ghasem Azimi ◽  
Ensieh Masoorian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia

scholarly journals Emergence of Macrolide-Resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae during an Outbreak in a Primary School: Clinical Characterization of Hospitalized Children

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 328
Author(s):  
Daniel Hubert ◽  
Roger Dumke ◽  
Stefan Weichert ◽  
Sybille Welker ◽  
Tobias Tenenbaum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Macrolide Resistance ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
First Case ◽  
Potential Link

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is a common causative pathogen of community-acquired pneumonia. Here, we report the development of macrolide resistance during a school outbreak of severe M. pneumoniae infections in southwest Germany. We conducted a case series to assess the clinical and laboratory characteristics of hospitalized children with M. pneumonia infection and the prevalence of macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae (MRMP) in this patient group. We retrospectively analyzed 23 children with serologically (19 patients) and/or PCR (eight patients) confirmed M. pneumoniae infection between October 2019 and December 2019. Most of the 15 hospitalized patients had lower respiratory tract infection (n = 10) and required oxygen therapy (83%). The median length of hospitalization was 7 days (range 3–10 days). In 8/15 patients (53.3%) azithromycin and in 4/15 (26.6%) clarithromycin treatment was applied. However, among the five patients for which extended molecular characterization was performed, sequencing of 23S rRNA revealed no mutation only in the first case, but development of macrolide resistance A2058G in four subsequent cases. Hence, we identified a cluster of hospitalized patients with emerging MRMP. Further studies are warranted to confirm a potential link between macrolide resistance and disease severity.

scholarly journals Characterization of a Unique ClpB Protein of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Its Impact on Growth

2008 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 5082-5092 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Kannan ◽  
Oxana Musatovova ◽  
Pramod Gowda ◽  
Joel B. Baseman
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Heat Shock Gene ◽  
Shock Gene ◽  
Translational Start

ABSTRACT Mycoplasma pneumoniae accounts for 20 to 30% of all community-acquired pneumonia and has been associated with other airway pathologies, including asthma, and a range of extrapulmonary manifestations. Although the entire genomic sequence of M. pneumoniae has been completed, the functions of many of these genes in mycoplasma physiology are unknown. In this study, we focused on clpB, a well-known heat shock gene in other bacteria, to examine its role in mycoplasma growth. Transcriptional and translational analyses of heat shock in M. pneumoniae indicated that clpB is significantly upregulated, reinforcing its status as a critical responder to heat stress. Interestingly, M. pneumoniae ClpB does not use dual translational start points for ClpB synthesis, like other ClpB-characterized bacteria. Biochemical characterization of purified M. pneumoniae recombinant ClpB revealed casein- and lysine-independent ATPase activity and DnaK-DnaJ-GrpE-dependent chaperone activity. An M. pneumoniae mini-Tn4001-integrated, clpB-null mutant was impaired in its ability to replicate under permissive growth conditions, demonstrating the growth-promoting status of ClpB.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection and Characterization of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Among Patients Hospitalized With Community-Acquired Pneumonia in the United States

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen H. Diaz ◽  
Alvaro J. Benitez ◽  
Kristen E. Cross ◽  
Lauri A. Hicks ◽  
Preeta Kutty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Variable Number Tandem Repeat ◽  
The United States ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Molecular Characteristics

Abstract Background.  Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The molecular characteristics of M pneumoniae detected in patients hospitalized with CAP in the United States are poorly described. Methods.  We performed molecular characterization of M pneumoniae in nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs from children and adults hospitalized with CAP in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Etiology of Pneumonia in the Community (EPIC) study, including P1 typing, multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA), and macrolide susceptibility genotyping. Results.  Of 216 M pneumoniae polymerase chain reaction-positive specimens, 40 (18.5%) were obtained from adults and 176 (81.5%) from children. P1 type distribution differed between adults (64% type 1 and 36% type 2) and children (84% type 1, 13% type 2, and 3% variant) (P < .05) and among sites (P < .01). Significant differences in the proportions of MLVA types 4/5/7/2 and 3/5/6/2 were also observed by age group (P < .01) and site (P < .01). A macrolide-resistant genotype was ide.jpegied in 7 (3.5%) specimens, 5 of which were from patients who had recently received macrolide therapy. No significant differences in clinical characteristics were ide.jpegied among patients with various strain types or between macrolide-resistant and -sensitive M pneumoniae infections. Conclusions.  The P1 type 1 genotype and MLVA type 4/5/7/2 predominated, but there were differences between children and adults and among sites. Macrolide resistance was rare. Differences in strain types did not appear to be associated with differences in clinical outcomes. Whole genome sequencing of M pneumoniae may help ide.jpegy better ways to characterize strains.

scholarly journals Evaluation of LBM415 (NVP PDF-713), a Novel Peptide Deformylase Inhibitor, for Treatment of Experimental Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 4128-4136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Fonseca-Aten ◽  
Christine M. Salvatore ◽  
Asunción Mejías ◽  
Ana M. Ríos ◽  
Susana Chávez-Bueno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Placebo Treatment ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Peptide Deformylase ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Days Of Therapy ◽  
Ifn Γ

ABSTRACT Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a major cause of community-acquired pneumonia. We evaluated the efficacy of LBM415, a novel peptide deformylase inhibitor antimicrobial agent, for the treatment of M. pneumoniae pneumonia in a mouse model. Eight-week-old BALB/c mice were intranasally inoculated once with 107 CFU of M. pneumoniae. Groups of mice were treated with LBM415 (50 mg/kg of body weight) or placebo subcutaneously daily for 13 days, starting 24 h after inoculation. Groups of mice were evaluated at the baseline; at days of treatment 1, 3, 6, and 13; and at 7 days after treatment. The MIC of LBM415 against M. pneumoniae was <0.005 μg/ml. LBM415-treated mice had significantly lower bronchoalveolar lavage fluid M. pneumoniae concentrations than placebo-treated mice on days 6 and 13 of treatment. Compared with placebo treatment, therapy with LBM415 significantly decreased lung histopathology scores at days 3, 6, and 13 of treatment and at 7 days after treatment. Airway obstruction was significantly lower in LBM415-treated mice than in placebo-treated mice on days 1, 3, and 6 of treatment and after 7 days of therapy, while airway hyperresponsiveness was significantly lower only on day 3 of therapy. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid concentrations of tumor necrosis factor alpha, gamma interferon (IFN-γ), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-12, KC (functional IL-8), monocyte chemotactic protein 1, macrophage inflammatory protein 1α, monokine induced by IFN-γ, and IFN-inducible protein 10 were significantly reduced in LBM415-treated mice compared with the levels in placebo-treated mice. There were no differences in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid concentrations of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10 between the two groups of mice. LBM415 therapy had beneficial microbiologic, histologic, respiratory, and immunologic effects on acute murine M. pneumoniae pneumonia.

scholarly journals Clinical Presentation and Bacterial Etiology of Adult Community Acquired Pneumonia

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-134
Author(s):  
Md Abdus Salam ◽  
Md Robed Amin ◽  
Quazi Tarikul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Chlamydia Pneumoniae ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Sputum Culture ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

Introduction: Pneumonia is a worldwide, serious threat to health and an enormous socio-economic burden for health care system. According to recent WHO data, each year 3-4 million patients die from pneumonia. The clinical presentations and bacterial agents responsible for community acquired pneumonia (CAP) varies according to geography and culture.Methods: A cross sectional observational study conducted among the 53 consecutive patients with a clinical diagnosis of CAP in admitted patient in the department of Medicine, DMCH, during January 2010 to December 2010. Hematological measurements (TC of WBC, Hb%, ESR, platelet count), blood culture, chest X-ray P/A view, sputum for Gram staining and culture sensitivity, sputum for AFB, blood urea and random blood sugar were done in all cases. ELISA for IgM antibody of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae were done in sputum culture negative cases.Results: The mean (±SD) age was 38.9±17.3 years and Male female ratio was 3:1. Fever, chest pain and productive cough were the most common clinical features. The mean (±SD) respiratory rate was 23.0±2.8 /minute . COPD and DM were found in 17.0% and 5.7% of patients respectively . Blood culture was found positive in only 1.9% of the study patients. Gram positive Cocci 62.26%, Gram negative Bacilli 9.43%, mixed Gram positive cocci and Gram negative bacilli 11.32% and Gram negative Cocco Bacilli 1.9% were observed and in 15.03 % cases, no bacteria could be seen. Sputum culture revealed 53.8% streptococcus pneumoniae, 26.9% Klebsiella pneumonia as predominant organism. Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae were found in 7.4% and 3.7% respectively by serological test. For Streptococcus pneumoniae, sensitive antibiotics were Amoxyclav and Levofloxacin. For Gram negative bacilli and coccobacilli, more sensitive antibiotics were Meropenem, Ceftriaxone, and Clarithromycin. The best sensitive drug were found meropenem. The mean (±SD) duration of hospital stay was 5.0±1.7 days with ranging from 3 to 10 days.Conclusion: Region based bacteroiological diagnosis of Cap is important for selecting the best and sensitive drugs for complete cure.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2016; 34(3): 128-134

scholarly journals Mutations in domain V of Mycoplasma pneumoniae 23S rRNA are not associated with clinical characteristics of M. pneumoniae pneumonia in children: a case control study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Deng ◽  
Yifan Zhu ◽  
Jiamin Zhang ◽  
Qiangquan Rong ◽  
Yao Quan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Domain V

Abstract Background Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is a common agent of community-acquired pneumonia in children and young adults that can lead to refractory or persistent Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP). Macrolide-resistant MP harbors point mutations in domain V of 23S ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid (rRNA) with substitutions detected at positions 2063, 2064, 2067 and 2617. This study’s purpose is to investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of mutations in domain V of MP 23S rRNA. Methods We sequenced the 23S rRNA domain V of MP strains collected from children with MPP. Clinical and laboratory data were also obtained, including gender, age, duration of fever, duration of fever after the start of macrolide therapy, MP-Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) load at enrollment, leukocyte count, neutrophil count, and lymphocyte count, immunomodulators treatment and pulmonary complications.Results Of 276 strains, 255 (92.39 %) harbored A to G transition at the position 2063 (A2063G), and 21 (7.61 %) were not mutated. There were no significant differences in gender, age, duration of fever, duration of fever after the start of macrolide therapy, MP-DNA load at enrollment, hospitalization days, lymphocyte count and pulmonary complications when patients were stratified based on the presence or absence of domain V mutations. We also found that children with refractory MPP experienced higher MP-DNA load than the non-refractory MPP, but the prevalence of domain V mutations was comparable.Conclusions We found that clinical MP strains harbored very high mutation rate in 23S rRNA domain V, especially A2063G mutation. However, these mutations were not associated with clinical symptoms, laboratory results, pulmonary complications and development of refractory pneumonia. Instead, MP-DNA load was significantly different between refractory and non-refractory MPP.

scholarly journals Effect of 23S rRNA gene mutations in Mycoplasma pneumoniae on severity of community-­acquired pneumonia in young adult patients treated at the Smolensk military hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-312
Author(s):  
O.V. Ivanova ◽  
Inna A. Edelstein ◽  
O.I. Romashov ◽  
Roman S. Kozlov
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Resistant Genotype ◽  
23S Rrna Gene

Objective. To evaluate effect of 23S rRNA gene mutations in Mycoplasma pneumoniae on severity of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in young adult patients. Materials and Methods. A total of 42 case histories of young adult patients with CAP treated at the Smolensk military hospital over the period of 25 October 2017 to 25 December 2019 were reviewed. «AmpliSens® Mycoplasma pneumoniae/Chlamydophila pneumoniae-FL» real-time PCR kit was used to detect M. pneumoniae from nasopharyngeal swabs collected prior to antimicrobial therapy. Testing for 23S rRNA gene mutations conferring macrolide resistance was performed by real-time PCR melt curve analysis (patent no. 2646123) and confirmed by DNA sequencing. Results. All patients had a clinical picture of non-severe CAP on hospital admission. All patients were treated with standard doses of azithromycin or clarithromycin. No respiratory failure or any other complications were observed. Macrolide-resistant genotype of M. pneumoniae was detected in 4 (9.5%) patients. Clinical, laboratory and radiological resolution of pneumonia in all cases occurred on day 10– 16, regardless of the presence of macrolide-resistant genotype. Conclusions. There were no differences in clinical course of severity between CAP caused by M. pneumoniae with 23S rRNA gene mutation and CAP caused by wild-type M. pneumoniae The presence of mutations in the 23S rRNA gene of M. pneumoniae did not worsen the clinical course of CAP.

scholarly journals Characterization of MGC2, a Mycoplasma gallisepticum Cytadhesin with Homology to the Mycoplasma pneumoniae 30-Kilodalton Protein P30 and Mycoplasma genitalium P32

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 3436-3442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda L. Hnatow ◽  
Calvin L. Keeler ◽  
Laura L. Tessmer ◽  
Kirk Czymmek ◽  
John E. Dohms
Keyword(s):  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Mycoplasma Gallisepticum ◽  
Immunogold Labeling ◽  
Respiratory Pathogen ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Attachment Inhibition

ABSTRACT A second cytadhesin-like protein, MGC2, was identified in the avian respiratory pathogen Mycoplasma gallisepticum. The 912-nucleotide mgc2 gene encodes a 32.6-kDa protein with 40.9 and 31.4% identity with the M. pneumoniae P30 andM. genitalium P32 cytadhesins, respectively. Functional studies with reverse transcription-PCR, immunoblotting, double-sided immunogold labeling, and attachment inhibition assays demonstrated homology to the human mycoplasmal P30 and P32 cytadhesins. These findings suggest that there is a family of cytadhesin genes conserved among pathogenic mycoplasmas infecting widely divergent hosts.

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