Characterization of Multidrug-ResistantEscherichia coliby Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles, Plasmid Replicon Typing, and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Lindsey ◽  
Jonathan G. Frye ◽  
Sutawee N. Thitaram ◽  
Richard J. Meinersmann ◽  
Paula J. Fedorka-Cray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Plasmid Replicon

scholarly journals Characterization of antimicrobial resistance genes inHaemophilus parasuisisolated from pigs in China

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongda Zhao ◽  
Lili Guo ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Xianhui Huang ◽  
Binghu Fang
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

BackgroundHaemophilus parasuisis a common porcine respiratory pathogen that causes high rates of morbidity and mortality in farmed swine. We performed a molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance genes harbored byH. parasuisfrom pig farms in China.MethodsWe screened 143H. parasuisisolates for antimicrobial susceptibility against six fluoroquinolone antibiotics testing by the broth microdilution method, and the presence of 64 antimicrobial resistance genes by PCR amplification and DNA sequence analysis. We determined quinolone resistance determining region mutations of DNA gyrase (gyrAandgyrB) and topoisomerase IV (parCandparE). The genetic relatedness among the strains was analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.ResultsSusceptibility test showed that all isolates were low resistance to lomefloxacin (28.67%), levofloxacin (20.28%), norfloxacin (22.38%), ciprofloxacin (23.78%), however, high resistance levels were found to nalidixic acid (82.52%) and enrofloxacin (55.94%). In addition, we found 14 antimicrobial resistance genes were present in these isolates, includingblaTEM-1, blaROB-1,ermB, ermA, flor, catl, tetB, tetC, rmtB, rmtD, aadA1, aac(3′)-llc, sul1, and sul2genes. Interestingly, one isolate carried five antibiotic resistance genes (tetB, tetC, flor, rmtB, sul1). The genestetB,rmtB,andflorwere the most prevalent resistance genes inH. parasuisin China. Alterations in thegyrAgene (S83F/Y, D87Y/N/H/G) were detected in 81% of the strains andparCmutations were often accompanied by agyrAmutation. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing revealed 51 unique patterns in the isolates carrying high-level antibiotic resistance genes, indicating considerable genetic diversity and suggesting that the genes were spread horizontally.DiscussionThe current study demonstrated that the high antibiotic resistance ofH. parasuisin piglets is a combination of transferable antibiotic resistance genes and multiple target gene mutations. These data provide novel insights for the better understanding of the prevalence and epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance inH. parasuis.

Detection of three distinct genetic lineages in methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) isolates from animals and veterinary personnel

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. 764-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. ABBOTT ◽  
F. C. LEONARD ◽  
B. K. MARKEY
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
The Third

SUMMARYThis study involved the phenotypic and molecular characterization of a population of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusisolates from animals and from veterinary personnel in Ireland. Isolates from 77 animals (dogs,n=44; cats,n=4; horses,n=29) and from 28 veterinary personnel were characterized using their antimicrobial resistance profiles and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns. In addition, a representative number of these isolates (n=52) were further analysed usingspa-typing techniques. The results obtained identified the presence of three distinct clonal complexes, CC5, CC8 and CC22, in both animal and human isolates. Two of these clonal complexes, CC8 and CC22, respectively, have been previously described in animals in Ireland but the presence of the third complex CC5 is a novel finding. The significance of this development, in relation to human and animal healthcare, is discussed.

Characterization of Listeria monocytogenes on Retail Food from Jiangsu Province, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 1332-1335
Author(s):  
Tao Yu
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Restriction Patterns ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Retail Food

Listeria monocytogenes isolates recovered from retail foods were characterized by serotyping, genotyping using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Six serotypes were identified among the isolates and the predominant serotype was 1/2a (42, 48.8%). PFGE differentiated the 86 isolates into 23 ApaI restriction patterns. Twenty-five (29.1%) of the L.monocytogenes strains exhibited resistance to at least one antimicrobial. Resistance to ciprofloxacin (17.4% of the isolates were resistant) and resistance to tetracycline (17.4%) were observed frequently.

scholarly journals Characterization of antimicrobial resistance genes in Haemophilus parasuis isolated from pigs in China

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongda Zhao ◽  
Lili Guo ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Xianhui Huang ◽  
Binghu Fang
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Haemophilus Parasuis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

Background: Haemophilus parasuis is a common porcine respiratory disease that causes high rates of morbidity and mortality in farmed swine. We performed a molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance genes harbored by H. parasuis from pig farms in China. Methods: We screened 143 H. parasuis isolates for the presence of 64 antimicrobial resistance genes by PCR amplification and DNA sequence analysis. We determined quinolone resistance determining region mutations of DNA gyrase (gyrA and gyrB) and topoisomerase IV (parC and parE). The genetic relatedness among the strains was analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Results: We found 14 antimicrobial resistance genes were present in these isolates, including TEM-1, ROB-1.ermB,ermA ,flor, catl,tetB,tetC, rmtB, rmtD, aadA1, aac(3’)-ⅡC, sul1, and sul2 genes. Interestingly, one isolate carried 5 antibiotic resistance genes (tetB, tetC, flor, rmtB, sul1). The genes tetB, rmtB, and flor were the most prevalent resistance genes in H. parasuis in China. Alterations in the gyrA gene (S83F/Y, D87Y/N/H/G) were detected in 81% of the strains and parC mutations were often accompanied by a gyrA mutation. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing revealed 51 unique patterns in the isolates carrying antibiotic resistance genes indicating considerable genetic diversity and suggesting the genes were spread horizontally. Discussion: The current study demonstrated that the high antibiotic resistance of H. parasuis in piglets is a combination of transferable antibiotic resistance genes and multiple target gene mutations. GyrA gene mutation also was the most important role in quinolone resistance. These data provide novel insights for the better understanding of the prevalence and epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance in H. parasuis.

scholarly journals Characterization of antimicrobial resistance genes in Haemophilus parasuis isolated from pigs in China

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongda Zhao ◽  
Lili Guo ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Xianhui Huang ◽  
Binghu Fang
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Haemophilus Parasuis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

Background: Haemophilus parasuis is a common porcine respiratory disease that causes high rates of morbidity and mortality in farmed swine. We performed a molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance genes harbored by H. parasuis from pig farms in China. Methods: We screened 143 H. parasuis isolates for the presence of 64 antimicrobial resistance genes by PCR amplification and DNA sequence analysis. We determined quinolone resistance determining region mutations of DNA gyrase (gyrA and gyrB) and topoisomerase IV (parC and parE). The genetic relatedness among the strains was analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Results: We found 14 antimicrobial resistance genes were present in these isolates, including TEM-1, ROB-1.ermB,ermA ,flor, catl,tetB,tetC, rmtB, rmtD, aadA1, aac(3’)-ⅡC, sul1, and sul2 genes. Interestingly, one isolate carried 5 antibiotic resistance genes (tetB, tetC, flor, rmtB, sul1). The genes tetB, rmtB, and flor were the most prevalent resistance genes in H. parasuis in China. Alterations in the gyrA gene (S83F/Y, D87Y/N/H/G) were detected in 81% of the strains and parC mutations were often accompanied by a gyrA mutation. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing revealed 51 unique patterns in the isolates carrying antibiotic resistance genes indicating considerable genetic diversity and suggesting the genes were spread horizontally. Discussion: The current study demonstrated that the high antibiotic resistance of H. parasuis in piglets is a combination of transferable antibiotic resistance genes and multiple target gene mutations. GyrA gene mutation also was the most important role in quinolone resistance. These data provide novel insights for the better understanding of the prevalence and epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance in H. parasuis.

scholarly journals Characterization of Staphylococcus intermedius from Pigeons, Dogs, Foxes, Mink, and Horses by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis

2002 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihisa WAKITA ◽  
Akira SHIMIZU ◽  
Václav HÁJEK ◽  
Junichi KAWANO ◽  
Kenji YAMASHITA
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius

scholarly journals Application of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to the epidemiological characterization ofStaphylococcus intermediusimplicated in a food-related outbreak

1994 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Khambaty ◽  
R. W. Bennett ◽  
D. B. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Pfge Pattern ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Single Strain ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Definitive Evidence ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius ◽  
Epidemiological Characterization

SUMMARYAn outbreak of food intoxication involving over 265 cases in western United States occurred in October 1991.Staphylococcus intermediuswas implicated as the aetiologic agent. Representative outbreak isolates (five clinical and ten from foods) produced type A enterotoxin. DNA fragments generated by four restriction endonucleases and analysed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) provided definitive evidence that all isolates from nine different counties in California and Nevada were derived from a single strain. The PFGE pattern of these outbreak isolates was distinct from those of a heterogeneous collection of sevenS. intermediusstrains of veterinary origin and five unrelatedS. aureuslaboratory strains. The data show a significant PFGE pattern heterogeneity not only among members of differentStaphylococcusspecies but also within members of the same species and even the same enterotoxin type. The results indicate that PFGE is a valuable strain-specific discriminator for the epidemiological characterization ofS. intermedius. To our knowledge, this represents the first documented foodborne outbreak caused byS. intermedius. These findings suggest that the presence ofS. intermediusand other species such asS. hyicusin food should be reason for concern.

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