Social Determinants of HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among Black Women: Implications for Health Equity

Stigma is a common human reaction to disease. Throughout history many diseases have carried considerable stigma, including leprosy, tuberculosis, cancer, mental illness, and many sexually transmitted diseases. HIV/AIDS is only the latest disease to be stigmatized. This paper reviews 21 interventions that have explicitly attempted to decrease AIDS stigma both in the developed and developing countries and 9 studies that aim to decrease stigma related with other diseases. The studies selected met stringent evaluation criteria in order to draw common lessons for future development of interventions to combat stigma. This paper assesses published and reported studies through comparison of audiences, types of interventions, and methods used to measure change. Target audiences include both those living with or suspected of living with a disease and perpetrators of stigma. All interventions reviewed target subgroups within these broad categories. Types of programs include general information-based programs, contact with affected groups, coping skills acquisition, and counseling approaches. A limited number of scales and indices were used as indicators of change in AIDS stigma.

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Sex, Disease, and Society: A Comparative History of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and HIV/AIDS in Asia and the Pacific. Edited by Milton Lewis, Scott Bamber and Michael Waugh. Contributions in Medical Studies, Number 43, Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1997. ix, 299 pp. $69.50 (cloth).

The Journal of Asian Studies ◽

10.2307/2659124 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 58 (3) ◽

pp. 781-782

Author(s):

Godfrey Linge

Keyword(s):

Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽

Comparative History ◽

Medical Studies ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

The Pacific ◽

History Of ◽

Hiv Aids

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The Epidemiological Analysis of HIV/AIDS Patients: Sexually Transmitted Diseases Department VS. Other Departments in A General Hospital of Shanghai, China

Current HIV Research ◽

10.2174/1570162x19666210908095355 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 ◽

Author(s):

Yue Yu ◽

Liangliang Shen ◽

Yufei Li ◽

Jingjun Zhao ◽

Heping Liu

Keyword(s):

Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽

General Hospital ◽

Demographic Characteristics ◽

Hiv Screening ◽

Aids Patients ◽

Important Place ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Positive Rate ◽

Social Demographic ◽

Hiv Aids

Background: Hospital is an important place for HIV/AIDS screening, and a general hospital is composed of multiple departments. Different departments have different levels of understanding of HIV/AIDS, especially the sexually transmitted diseases (STD) department is the main place for HIV/AIDS screening. Objective: The study aims to validate the common knowledge that the STD department is an important place for HIV/AIDS screening by comparing the epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS patients in the STD department and other departments in Tongji Hospital, which can provide a theoretical basis for the precise and differentiated control of HIV/AIDS. Methods: A total of 283,525 HIV screening cases were analyzed from January 1st 2006 to December 31st 2018 in the STD department and other departments. The epidemiological data of 226 HIV/AIDS cases were retrospectively analyzed. Results : Firstly, the incidence of HIV/AIDS in the population served by Tongji Hospital was higher than that in Shanghai and China. Secondly, the positive rate of HIV screening test in the STD department was ten times higher than that of other departments. Thirdly, the social-demographic characteristics of HIV/AIDS patients in the STD department were different from those in other departments. Fourthly, there were differences in age, education, marital status and number of sex partners between men who have sex with men (MSM) and men who have sex with women (MSW). Fifthly, there was no difference except age in social-demographic characteristics of MSM between the STD department and other departments. Sixthly, compared with other departments, the majority of HIV/AIDS patients in the STD department were MSM. Seventhly, syphilis and HIV co-infection were not statistically significant in HIV/AIDS patients between the STD department and other departments. Conclusion: Firstly, the significantly higher positive rate of an HIV screening test in the STD department emphasizes its importance as a place for screening HIV/AIDS patients. Secondly, HIV/AIDS patients diagnosed in the general hospital were mainly transmitted by sexual contact, and MSM accounted for the most part of these patients. More attention should be paid to screen outpatients, especially in the STD department and young men.

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