Effects of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/Multiresistant Gram-Negative Bacteria Colonization or Infection and Isolation Measures in End of Life on Family Caregivers: Results of a Qualitative Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Heckel ◽  
Alexander Sturm ◽  
Franziska A. Herbst ◽  
Christoph Ostgathe ◽  
Stephanie Stiel
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

Protein expression profiles in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) under effects of subminimal inhibitory concentrations of imipenem

2019 ◽  
Vol 366 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jichun Wang ◽  
Junrui Wang ◽  
Yanyan Wang ◽  
Peng Sun ◽  
Xiaohui Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

ABSTRACT Imipenem is a beta-lactam antibiotic mainly active against gram-negative bacterial pathogens and also could cause cell wall impairment in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA). However, related antibacterial mechanisms of imipenem on MRSA and mixed infections of MRSA and gram-negative bacteria are relatively poorly revealed. This study was to identify proteins in the MRSA response to subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of imipenem treatment. Our results showed that 240 and 58 different expression proteins (DEPs) in sub-MICs imipenem-treated S3 (a standard MRSA strain) and S23 (a clinical MRSA strain) strains were identified through the isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation method when compared with untreated S3 and S23 strains, respectively, which was further confirmed by multiple reactions monitoring. Our result also demonstrated that expressions of multiple DEPs involved in cellular proliferation, metabolism and virulence were significantly changed in S3 and S23 strains, which was proved by gene ontology annotations and qPCR analysis. Further, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy analysis showed cell wall deficiency, cell lysis and abnormal nuclear mitosis on S23 strain. Our study provides important information for understanding the antibacterial mechanisms of imipenem on MRSA and for better usage of imipenem on patients co-infected with MRSA and other multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria.

scholarly journals Adult Native Joint Septic Arthritis: A Nine-Year Retrospective Analysis in a Portuguese University Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cipriano ◽  
Fábio Videira Santos ◽  
Rita Dias ◽  
André Carvalho ◽  
Ernestina Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Septic Arthritis ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Empirical Treatment ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanate

Introduction: Septic arthritis of a native joint represents a medical emergency. Drainage and effective antibiotic treatment are critical to avoid joint destruction and long-term impairment. The aim of this study was to evaluate epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with the diagnosis of septic arthritis to help establish local guidelines for empirical antibiotic treatment.Material and Methods: Retrospective analysis of adult patients admitted at Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto from 2009 to 2017 with suspected native joint septic arthritis. Relevant demographics, microbiology findings and respective antibiotic susceptibilities were analysed.Results: Ninety-seven patients, predominantly males (59.8%) with a median age of 61 years old were included. The most commonly reported comorbidity associated with septic arthritis was diabetes mellitus (20.6%). The knee was the most commonly affected joint (71.1%). Arthrocentesis was performed in all patients, but only 50.5% had positive microbial growth in the synovial fluid. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently identified microorganism, 86% of which were methicillin susceptible. Gram-negative bacteria were the causative agent in 15% of cases. A wide range of empirical antibiotic regimens were prescribed with a combination of vancomycin/carbapenem being the most common (30.9%). Analysis of antibiotic susceptibility profiles revealed that amoxicillin/clavulanate would have been appropriate as the initial regimen in 89% of cases.Discussion: The main causative pathogen was Staphylococcus aureus, with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus remaining rare. The proportion of Gram-negative bacteria implies that these agents should be covered by empirical treatment, although no case of Pseudomonas infection has been identified. Therefore, antipseudomonal coverage is not necessary in empirical regimens.Conclusion: Routine coverage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is not warranted but must be considered when specific risk factors are found. Amoxicillin/clavulanate can provide adequate antibiotic coverage as an empirical treatment for adult native joint septic arthritis. Its use may allow a reduction in use of broader spectrum antibiotics.

scholarly journals Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activities of the Sesquiterpene Lactones Cnicin and Onopordopicrin

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra M. Bach ◽  
Mario A. Fortuna ◽  
Rodgoun Attarian ◽  
Juliana T. de Trimarco ◽  
César A. N. Catalán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
High Cytotoxicity

The antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of chloroform extracts from the weeds Centaurea tweediei and C. diffusa, and the main sesquiterpene lactones isolated from these species, onopordopicrin and cnicin, respectively, were assayed. Results show that the chloroform extracts from both Centaurea species possess antibacterial activities against a panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Remarkable antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was also measured. Both the extracts and the purified sesquiterpene lactones show high cytotoxicity against human-derived macrophages. Despite this cytotoxicity, C. diffusa chloroform extract and cnicin are attractive candidates for evaluation as antibiotics in topical preparations against skin-associated pathogens.

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