scholarly journals Pulmonary-Artery Pressure and Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Bolivian and Caucasian High Altitude Dwellers

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Schwab ◽  
Pierre-Yves Jayet ◽  
Thomas Stuber ◽  
Carlos E. Salinas ◽  
Jonathan Bloch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
Exhaled Nitric Oxide ◽  
Artery Pressure

scholarly journals Inhibition of phosphodiesterase-5 and nitric oxide similarly reduce pulmonary artery pressure at high altitude

2003 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 257-258
Author(s):  
Hans P. Brunner-La Rocca ◽  
Patrick Egger ◽  
Oliver Senn ◽  
Manuel Fischler ◽  
Rahel Thalmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
Artery Pressure ◽  
Phosphodiesterase 5

Respiratory Nitric Oxide and Pulmonary Artery Pressure in Children of Aymara and European Ancestry at High Altitude

CHEST Journal ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 134 (5) ◽  
pp. 996-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Stuber ◽  
Claudio Sartori ◽  
Carlos Salinas Salmòn ◽  
Damian Hutter ◽  
Sébastien Thalmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Artery Pressure

scholarly journals Higher pulmonary artery pressure in children than in adults upon fast ascent to high altitude

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 664-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kriemler ◽  
C. Jansen ◽  
A. Linka ◽  
A. Kessel-Schaefer ◽  
M. Zehnder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
Artery Pressure

scholarly journals Progressive dysfunction of nitric oxide synthase in a lamb model of chronically increased pulmonary blood flow: a role for oxidative stress

2008 ◽  
Vol 295 (5) ◽  
pp. L756-L766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter E. Oishi ◽  
Dean A. Wiseman ◽  
Shruti Sharma ◽  
Sanjiv Kumar ◽  
Yali Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Pulmonary Blood Flow ◽  
Artery Pressure ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inhaled No

Cardiac defects associated with increased pulmonary blood flow result in pulmonary vascular dysfunction that may relate to a decrease in bioavailable nitric oxide (NO). An 8-mm graft (shunt) was placed between the aorta and pulmonary artery in 30 late gestation fetal lambs; 27 fetal lambs underwent a sham procedure. Hemodynamic responses to ACh (1 μg/kg) and inhaled NO (40 ppm) were assessed at 2, 4, and 8 wk of age. Lung tissue nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, endothelial NOS (eNOS), neuronal NOS (nNOS), inducible NOS (iNOS), and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), lung tissue and plasma nitrate and nitrite (NOx), and lung tissue superoxide anion and nitrated eNOS levels were determined. In shunted lambs, ACh decreased pulmonary artery pressure at 2 wk ( P < 0.05) but not at 4 and 8 wk. Inhaled NO decreased pulmonary artery pressure at each age ( P < 0.05). In control lambs, ACh and inhaled NO decreased pulmonary artery pressure at each age ( P < 0.05). Total NOS activity did not change from 2 to 8 wk in control lambs but increased in shunted lambs (ANOVA, P < 0.05). Conversely, NOxlevels relative to NOS activity were lower in shunted lambs than controls at 4 and 8 wk ( P < 0.05). eNOS protein levels were greater in shunted lambs than controls at 4 wk of age ( P < 0.05). Superoxide levels increased from 2 to 8 wk in control and shunted lambs (ANOVA, P < 0.05) and were greater in shunted lambs than controls at all ages ( P < 0.05). Nitrated eNOS levels were greater in shunted lambs than controls at each age ( P < 0.05). We conclude that increased pulmonary blood flow results in progressive impairment of basal and agonist-induced NOS function, in part secondary to oxidative stress that decreases bioavailable NO.

Effect of oxygen upon pulmonary circulation in acclimatized man at high altitude

1965 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. N. Hultgren ◽  
J. Kelly ◽  
H. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Circulation ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Artery Pressure ◽  
Oxygen Breathing ◽  
Hypoxic Vasoconstriction ◽  
Arteriolar Resistance

The response to breathing 100% oxygen was studied in 26 acclimatized residents of the Peruvian Andes at altitudes of 12,300 and 14,200 ft. Arterial oxygen saturation increased from 86% to 96%. Mean pulmonary artery pressure decreased by 5 mm Hg and cardiac output did not change. Calculated pulmonary arteriolar resistance was lowered. Pulmonary artery pressure during oxygen breathing was not decreased to normal values observed at sea level. The data suggest the presence of two factors responsible for the increase in pulmonary arteriolar resistance at high altitude: 1) hypoxic vasoconstriction which is reversed by oxygen breathing and 2) anatomic alterations which are not affected by oxygen breathing. Oxygen breathing at high altitude also produced a slowing of the heart rate and increased the relative height of the secondary or tidal wave of the brachial arterial pressure pulse. pulmonary arteriolar resistance and 100% oxygen; arterial pulse contour–effect of 100% oxygen at high altitude; pulmonary arteriolar resistance–nature of in high altitude; hypoxic vasoconstriction at high altitude–reversal by 100% oxygen breathing; oxygen breathing–comparison of effect on pulmonary circulation at high altitude and sea level Submitted on May 8, 1964

Association of Plasma Cell-Free Hemoglobin with Physiological Measures of Nitric Oxide Responsiveness and Estimated Pulmonary Artery Systolic Pressure: Requirement for Rigorously Optimized Blood Processing Variables

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 3253-3253
Author(s):  
Laurel G. Mendelsohn ◽  
Susan Yuditskaya ◽  
Xunde Wang ◽  
Wasnard Victor ◽  
Katherine Corbin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
Right Heart Catheterization ◽  
Heart Catheterization ◽  
Free Hemoglobin ◽  
Artery Pressure ◽  
Plasma Hemoglobin ◽  
Processing Variables

Abstract Abstract 3253 Background: Accurate plasma hemoglobin (PHb) measurements are needed to investigate a model proposing a link between intravascular hemolysis and decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability in sickle cell disease (SCD). Artifactual hemolysis hypothetically can produce excessive noise that might obscure the signal and lead to misinterpretation of data. We systematically studied possible blood processing variables that could cause artifactual hemolysis to obscure in vivo levels of free hemoglobin in adults with SCD. Methods: We systematically compared the effects on PHb measured by ELISA of anticoagulant type, Vacutainer materials and processing time on the same blood specimens from healthy controls and adults with SCD divided into aliquots that were then processed using a variety of in vitro conditions. We analyzed the results of PHb measurements from archived specimens from 467 SCD patients. We evaluated in greater detail plasma specimens collected and processed at bedside from 44 patients with SCD under optimal conditions: drawn from indwelling wide-bore brachial artery catheters by minimal negative pressure into heparinized syringes, gently transferred to tubes for centrifugation within 5 minutes, evaluating the associations of PHb levels from these optimally processed samples with relevant in vivo physiological measurements. Results: Analysis of specimens from healthy control subjects (n=10) and adults with SCD (n=10) for each experiment, split into aliquots to test each variable under defined conditions yielded significant evidence indicating that: (1) arterial catheter syringe specimens are superior to conventional Vacutainer venipuncture specimens; (2) heparin is superior to EDTA anticoagulant; (3) glass tubes are superior to plastic tubes; (4) processing in 2 hours or less is superior to longer processing times. Comparison of 467 archived EDTA plasma specimens processed under comparably variable conditions provided results consistent with the bench top results, confirming the importance of these processing variables on research specimens. Conventional venipuncture EDTA Vacutainer tubes with conventional processing yielded median PHb levels four-fold that of arterial catheter heparin syringe specimens processed at bedside, suggesting that on average 75% of the PHb in conventional specimens may represent background noise and only 25% of the PHb level may represent in vivo free hemoglobin. Blood specimens were collected and processed by the optimal conditioned defined by the preceding experiments from 44 adults with sickle cell anemia. This set of specimens yielded a median PHb level of 6.07μM (CI95=5.27–7.03μM). PHb correlated significantly with blunting of vasodilation in vivo after brachial artery infusion of each of three graded doses of the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP), an indicator of vascular NO responsiveness; at doses of 0.8μg/min(r=−0.46 p=0.0022), 1.6μg/min (r=−0.41, p=0.0082), and 3.2μg/min (r=−0.46, p=0.0024). Quartile analysis revealed a significant difference in forearm blood flow response across all doses of SNP among the highest, middle, and lowest PHb quartiles (p=0.0386). PHb also correlated significantly with tricuspid regurgitant velocity (R=0.37, p=0.0147), suggesting a significant association with Doppler echocardiography estimates of pulmonary artery pressure. A limited number of patients from this specimen pool (n=7) subsequently underwent clinically indicated right heart catheterization. There was a trend in this small subset correlating PHb with mean pulmonary artery pressure (r=0.61, p=0.1482). Conclusions: Plasma hemoglobin levels collected and processed under optimal conditions show statistically significant associations with in vivo physiological measures of nitric oxide responsiveness and echocardiographically estimated pulmonary artery pressure, with supportive trends from right heart catheterization in a limited subgroup of patients with SCD. This supports a role for plasma hemoglobin as a biomarker of nitric oxide resistance and pulmonary hypertension in SCD. Conventional phlebotomy into Vacutainer tubes introduces a high background level of artifactual ex vivo hemolysis in SCD specimens that is capable of obscuring these associations, especially if processing is delayed 2 hours or more. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Bosentan Reduces Pulmonary Artery Pressure in High Altitude Residents

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baktybek Kojonazarov ◽  
Jainagul Isakova ◽  
Bakytbek Imanov ◽  
Nurmira Sovkhozova ◽  
Talantbek Sooronbaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
Artery Pressure

scholarly journals Selective Reductions in Pulmonary Artery Pressure Lowers Sympathetic Neural Activity in Healthy Humans at High Altitude

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia L Simpson ◽  
Andrew Steele ◽  
Victoria L Meah ◽  
Suman Thapamagar ◽  
Christopher Gasho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Artery Pressure ◽  
Healthy Humans

Effect of acute and subacute exposure and reexposure to high altitude on pulmonary artery pressure in healthy lowlanders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Lichtblau ◽  
Patrick Raphael Bader ◽  
Michael Furian ◽  
Lara Muralt ◽  
Sara E. Hartmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Pressure ◽  
Artery Pressure ◽  
Subacute Exposure
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