Prevalence, Characterization, and Control of Campylobacter jejuni Isolated from Raw Milk, Cheese, and Human Stool Samples in Beni-Suef Governorate, Egypt

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed M.A. Zeinhom ◽  
Gihan K. Abdel-Latef ◽  
Harold Corke
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Raw Milk Cheese ◽  
And Control ◽  
Human Stool

scholarly journals Genotyping of Cryptosporidium spp. isolated from human stool samples in Switzerland

2003 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 663-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. FRETZ ◽  
P. SVOBODA ◽  
U. M. RYAN ◽  
R. C. A. THOMPSON ◽  
M. TANNER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cryptosporidium Spp ◽  
Sequence Identity ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Reference Strains ◽  
Human Stool ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

In a study to estimate the frequency of Cryptosporidium infections in Switzerland, stool samples from patients found to be positive for Cryptosporidium spp. by modified Ziehl–Neelson staining and fluorescence microscopy were used for genotyping experiments. With 9 of 12 samples, DNA extraction and subsequent genotyping was successful. All Cryptosporidium-isolates belonged to the bovine genotype. In one stool sample, two strains of Cryptosporidium were demonstrated, suggesting a mixed infection. In comparison with reference strains from calves, one of the isolates showed a full sequence identity and the other a similarity of 97·5%. The fact that only bovine genotypes were detected suggests, that cryptosporidiosis must primarily be considered as a zoonotic disease in Switzerland. This is in contrast to other countries, where the human genotype of C. parvum was shown to dominate the epidemiological situation. The results of our study are supported by the previous finding, that two of the analysed strains originated from patients who used to consume raw milk or raw cream, a known risk factor for cryptosporidiosis.

scholarly journals Whole-genome sequencing of Campylobacter jejuni isolated from Danish routine human stool samples reveals surprising degree of clustering

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 201.e5-201.e8 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.G. Joensen ◽  
K.G. Kuhn ◽  
L. Müller ◽  
J.T. Björkman ◽  
M. Torpdahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Human Stool

scholarly journals Isolation and molecular characterization of Campylobacter jejuni from chicken and human stool samples in Egypt

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahed Hamed GHONEIM ◽  
Khaled Abdel-Aziz ABDEL-MOEIN ◽  
Ashraf Mohamed Abdel Khalek BARAKAT ◽  
Ahmed Gaffer HEGAZI ◽  
Khaled Abd El-Hamid ABD EL-RAZIK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Human Stool

Raw milk cheese as a potential infection source of pathogenic and toxigenic food born pathogens

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marita Vedovelli CARDOZO ◽  
Natalia NESPOLO ◽  
Tammy Chioda DELFINO ◽  
Camila Chioda de ALMEIDA ◽  
Lucas José Luduverio PIZAURO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Milk ◽  
Infection Source ◽  
Raw Milk Cheese

scholarly journals Differing Effects of Standard and Harsh Nucleic Acid Extraction Procedures on Diagnostic Helminth Real-Time PCRs Applied to Human Stool Samples

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Tanja Hoffmann ◽  
Andreas Hahn ◽  
Jaco J. Verweij ◽  
Gérard Leboulle ◽  
Olfert Landt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Nucleic Acid Extraction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Bead Beating ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Pcr Assays ◽  
Human Stool

This study aimed to assess standard and harsher nucleic acid extraction schemes for diagnostic helminth real-time PCR approaches from stool samples. A standard procedure for nucleic acid extraction from stool and a procedure including bead-beating as well as proteinase K digestion were compared with group-, genus-, and species-specific real-time PCR assays targeting helminths and nonhelminth pathogens in human stool samples. From 25 different in-house and commercial helminth real-time PCR assays applied to 77 stool samples comprising 67 historic samples and 10 external quality assessment scheme samples positively tested for helminths, higher numbers of positive test results were observed after bead-beating-based nucleic acid extraction for 5/25 (20%) real-time PCR assays irrespective of specificity issues. Lower cycle threshold values were observed for one real-time PCR assay after the standard extraction scheme, and for four assays after the bead-beating-based scheme. Agreement between real-time PCR results after both nucleic acid extraction strategies according to Cohen’s kappa ranged from poor to almost perfect for the different assays. Varying agreement was observed in eight nonhelminth real-time PCR assays applied to 67 historic stool samples. The study indicates highly variable effects of harsh nucleic acid extraction approaches depending on the real-time PCR assay used.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Authenticity of the Raw-Milk Cheese Fontina (PDO) with Respect to Similar Cheeses

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 350
Author(s):  
Luisa Pellegrino ◽  
Johannes A. Hogenboom ◽  
Veronica Rosi ◽  
Paolo D’Incecco
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Food Authenticity ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Production Area ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Raw Milk Cheese

The implementation of quality assurance schemes for the assessment of PDO food authenticity is an issue involving manufacturers, traders, retailers and consumers. In this respect, reliable analytical methods are needed to integrate paper-trailing information. The feasibility of distinguishing the Italian Fontina PDO cheese from the generic Fontal cheese was preliminarily evaluated on a set of commercial samples by measuring selected parameters (pH, alkaline phosphatase activity, content of copper, volatiles, extent of proteolysis) related to the different manufacturing processes. The relative profile of free amino acids proved to be a promising tool. A new set of 41 samples of Fontina PDO cheese was collected at representative dairies within the recognized production area and analyzed for free amino acids. A chemometric model of Fontina PDO cheese was built based on the mean content and standard deviation of 15 free amino acids. On this basis, all of the PDO samples were correctly identified, whereas all of the Fontal cheeses were recognized as different cheeses.

Molecular approaches to analysing the microbial composition of raw milk and raw milk cheese

2011 ◽  
Vol 150 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 81-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Quigley ◽  
Orla O'Sullivan ◽  
Tom P. Beresford ◽  
R. Paul Ross ◽  
Gerald F. Fitzgerald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Milk ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Raw Milk Cheese

scholarly journals Multicenter Evaluation of an ELISA for the Detection of Cryptosporidium spp. Antigen in Clinical Human Stool Samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Romy Razakandrainibe ◽  
Célia Mérat ◽  
Nathalie Kapel ◽  
Marc Sautour ◽  
Karine Guyot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Cryptosporidium Oocyst ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cryptosporidium Spp ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Conventional Microscopy ◽  
Human Stool

Human cryptosporidiosis remains underdiagnosed, and rapid/accurate diagnosis is of clinical importance. Diagnosis of the Cryptosporidium oocyst in stool samples by conventional microscopy is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and requires skillful experience. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the usefulness of a coproantigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test in detecting Cryptosporidium spp. from fecal specimens. For this aim, we evaluated the performances of a commercial ELISA (CoproELISA Cryptosporidium kit, Savyon Diagnostics, Israel) for the detection of Cryptosporidium spp. in random clinical stool samples through a multicenter study. The sensitivity and specificity for coproantigen ELISA were 98.86% and 94.32%, respectively. The coproantigen ELISA results indicate that the simple, rapid, reliable, and standardized immunoassay test is sensitive and specific for routine diagnosis, and may be useful for large-scale epidemiological studies of cryptosporidiosis.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal infections caused by consumption of raw drinking milk in England & Wales, 1992–2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Adams ◽  
L. Byrne ◽  
J. Edge ◽  
A. Hoban ◽  
C. Jenkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
National Surveillance ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Food Standards ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Drinking Milk ◽  
Intestinal Infectious Disease

Abstract Systematic, national surveillance of outbreaks of intestinal infectious disease has been undertaken by Public Health England (PHE) since 1992. Between 1992 and 2002, there were 19 outbreaks linked to raw drinking milk (RDM) or products made using raw milk, involving 229 people; 36 of these were hospitalised. There followed an eleven-year period (2003–2013) where no outbreaks linked to RDM were reported. However, since 2014 seven outbreaks of Escherichia coli O157:H7 (n = 3) or Campylobacter jejuni (n = 4) caused by contaminated RDM were investigated and reported. Between 2014 and 2017, there were 114 cases, five reported hospitalisations and one death. The data presented within this review indicated that the risk of RDM has increased since 2014. Despite the labelling requirements and recommendations that children should not consume RDM, almost a third of outbreak cases were children. In addition, there has been an increase in consumer popularity and in registered RDM producers in the UK. The Food Standards Agency (FSA) continue to provide advice on RDM to consumers and have recently made additional recommendations to enhance existing controls around registration and hygiene of RDM producers.

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