Characterization of ThreeBacillus cereusStrains Involved in a Major Outbreak of Food Poisoning After Consumption of Fermented Black Beans (Douchi) in Yunan, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 769-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoping Zhou ◽  
Kai Bester ◽  
Bin Liao ◽  
Zushun Yang ◽  
Rongrong Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Black Beans ◽  
Major Outbreak

Phylogeny Characterization of Seb Gene Encoding Enterotoxins in Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Raw Milk and Cheese

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (o3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima N. Aziz ◽  
Laith Abdul Hassan Mohammed-Jawad
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B ◽  
Human Pathogen ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Gene Encoding

Food poisoning due to the bacteria is a big global problem in economically and human's health. This problem refers to an illness which is due to infection or the toxin exists in nature and the food that use. Milk is considered a nutritious food because it contains proteins and vitamins. The aim of this study is to detect and phylogeny characterization of staphylococcal enterotoxin B gene (Seb). A total of 200 milk and cheese samples were screened. One hundred ten isolates of Staphylococcus aureus pre-confirmed using selective and differential media with biochemical tests. Genomic DNA was extracted from the isolates and the SEB gene detects using conventional PCR with specific primers. Three staphylococcus aureus isolates were found to be positive for Seb gene using PCR and confirmed by sequencing. Sequence homology showed variety range of identity starting from (100% to 38%). Phylogenetic tree analyses show that samples (6 and 5) are correlated with S. epidermidis. This study discovered that isolates (A6-RLQ and A5-RLQ) are significantly clustered in a group with non- human pathogen Staphylococcus agnetis.

scholarly journals Incidence and characterisation of Bacillus cereus bacteriophages from Thua Nao, a Thai fermented soybean product

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
Wallapat Phongtang ◽  
Ekachai Chukeatirote
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Fermented Soybean ◽  
Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Potential Use

Abstract Bacillus cereus is considered to be an important food poisoning agent causing diarrhea and vomiting. In this study, the occurrence of B. cereus bacteriophages in Thai fermented soybean products (Thua Nao) was studied using five B. cereus sensu lato indicator strains (four B. cereus strains and one B. thuringiensis strain). In a total of 26 Thua Nao samples, there were only two bacteriophages namely BaceFT01 and BaceCM02 exhibiting lytic activity against B. cereus. Morphological analysis revealed that these two bacteriophages belonged to the Myoviridae. Both phages were specific to B. cereus and not able to lyse other tested bacteria including B. licheniformis and B. subtilis. The two phages were able to survive in a pH range between 5 and 12. However, both phages were inactive either by treatment of 50°C for 2 h or exposure of UV for 2 h. It should be noted that both phages were chloroform-insensitive, however. This is the first report describing the presence of bacteriophages in Thua Nao products. The characterization of these two phages is expected to be useful in the food industry for an alternative strategy including the potential use of the phages as a biocontrol candidate against foodborne pathogenic bacteria.

scholarly journals Measurement of IgA responses following Norwalk virus infection and other human caliciviruses using a recombinant Norwalk virus protein EIA

1994 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Parker ◽  
W. D. Cubitt
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Capsid Protein ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Virus Protein ◽  
Norwalk Virus ◽  
Major Outbreak ◽  
Virus Capsid Protein

SUMMARYAn enzyme immunoassay employing recombinant Norwalk virus capsid protein was evaluated for the measurement of IgA responses. Tests on 23 volunteers and patients known to have been infected with Norwalk virus (NV) showed that 19 developed significant IgA responses, 2 had unchanging levels of IgA and 2 failed to respond. There was no evidence of IgA responses to NV following infection with Hawaii or Snow Mountain-like viruses.Tests on sera from patients involved in outbreaks associated with eating contaminated shellfish suggest that some patients may have been infected with more than one strain of calicivirus. The use of the rNV EIA for measuring IgA and IgG responses in patients involved in a major outbreak of food poisoning affecting hospital staff indicated that the causative agent was probably NV.

scholarly journals Bacillus cytotoxicus Isolated from a Pristine Natural Geothermal Area Reveals High Keratinolytic Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 796
Author(s):  
Ivana Cavello ◽  
María Sofía Urbieta ◽  
Sebastián Cavalitto ◽  
Edgardo Donati
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Geothermal Area ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Keratinolytic Activity ◽  
Chicken Feathers ◽  
Microbial Species

Geothermal areas are the niches of a rich microbial diversity that is not only part of the intangible patrimony of a country but also the source of many microbial species with potential biotechnological applications. Particularly, microbial species in geothermal areas in Argentina have been scarcely explored regarding their possible biotechnological uses. The purpose of this work was to explore the proteolytic and keratinolytic enzymatic potential of microorganisms that inhabit in the Domuyo geothermal area in the Neuquén Province. To this end, we did enrichment cultures from two high-temperature natural samples in mineral media only supplemented with whole chicken feathers. After the isolation and the phylogenetic and morphologic characterization of different colonies, we obtained a collection of Bacillus cytotoxicus isolates, a species with no previous report of keratinolytic activity and only reported in rehydrated meals connected with food poisoning outbreaks. Its natural habitat has been unknown up to now. We characterized the proteolytic and keratinolytic capacities of the B. cytotoxicus isolates in different conditions, which proved to be remarkably high compared with those of other similar species. Thus, our work represents the first report of the isolation as well as the keratinolytic capacity characterization of strains of B. cytotixicus obtained from a natural environment.

scholarly journals Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus strains and evidence for the involvement of non-classical enterotoxin genes in food poisoning outbreaks

2018 ◽  
Vol 365 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurentiu-Mihai Ciupescu ◽  
Frederic Auvray ◽  
Isabela Madalina Nicorescu ◽  
Thomas Meheut ◽  
Veronica Ciupescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Enterotoxin Genes

scholarly journals Characterization of Bacillus cereus in Dairy Products in China

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Ye Liu ◽  
Qiao Hu ◽  
Fei Xu ◽  
Shuang-Yang Ding ◽  
Kui Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Shed Light

Bacillus cereus is a common and ubiquitous foodborne pathogen with an increasing prevalence rate in dairy products in China. High and unmet demands for such products, particularly milk, raise the risk of B. cereus associated contamination. The presence of B. cereus and its virulence factors in dairy products may cause food poisoning and other illnesses. Thus, this review first summarizes the epidemiological characteristics and analytical assays of B. cereus from dairy products in China, providing insights into the implementation of intervention strategies. In addition, the recent achievements on the cytotoxicity and mechanisms of B. cereus are also presented to shed light on the therapeutic options for B. cereus associated infections.

scholarly journals Characterization of A Staphylococcal Food Poisoning Outbreak in A Workplace Canteen during the Post-Earthquake Reconstruction of Central Italy

Toxins ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizia Guidi ◽  
Anna Duranti ◽  
Silvia Gallina ◽  
Yacine Nia ◽  
Annalisa Petruzzelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Italy ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Single Strain ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Coagulase Positive Staphylococci ◽  
Earthquake Reconstruction

In summer 2017, a foodborne outbreak occurred in Central Italy, involving 26 workers employed in the post-earthquake reconstruction. After eating a meal provided by a catering service, they manifested gastrointestinal symptoms; 23 of them were hospitalized. The retrospective cohort study indicated the pasta salad as the most likely vehicle of poisoning. Foods, environmental samples, and food handlers’ nasal swabs were collected. Bacillus cereus (Bc) and coagulase-positive staphylococci (CPS) including S. aureus, together with their toxins, were the targets of the analysis. CPS, detected in all the leftovers, exceeded 105 CFU/g in the pasta salad, in which we found Staphylococcal Enterotoxins (SEs) (0.033 ng SEA/g; 0.052 ng SED/g). None of the environmental and human swabs showed contamination. We characterized 23 S. aureus from foods. They all belonged to the human biotype, showed the same toxigenic profile (sea, sed, sej, and ser genes), and had the same Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) pattern; none of them harbored mecA or mupA genes. We also detected Bc contamination in the pasta salad but none of the isolates harbored the ces gene for the emetic toxin cereulide. The EU Reference Laboratory for CPS confirmed the case as a strong-evidence outbreak caused by the ingestion of SEs produced by a single strain of S. aureus carried by the same human source. This outbreak was successfully investigated despite the emergency situation in which it occurred.

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