Climate Change Adaptation Priority Strategies in the Philippines: Differences Between Local Government Decision Makers and Marginalized Coastal Communities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily C. Nabong ◽  
Linda M. Whiteford ◽  
Mauricio E. Arias ◽  
James R. Mihelcic
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Government Decision

scholarly journals Climate change adaptation: the case of coastal communities in the Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-133
Author(s):  
Ericson Peñalba ◽  
Albert David ◽  
Michael Mabanta ◽  
Chaddlyn Samaniego ◽  
Sheryl Ellamil
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Coastal Community ◽  
Combination Of Methods ◽  
Adaptation Practices

Climate change poses challenges and risks to coastal communities, and the adaptation of local residents is a critically relevant issue that needs to be addressed in the policymaking process. The main purpose of this paper is to determine the perceptions and experiences of climate change among coastal community residents in the Philippines. This study used a combination of methods, such as participatory mapping exercises, focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and document analyses. The data, which were primarily collected from three coastal villages in the province of Bulacan, were subjected to a thematic network analysis. The findings revealed four dominant themes pertaining to climate change adaptation in a coastal community setting: vulnerability conditions, risk awareness, risk perceptions, and climate change awareness and perceptions. In particular, it was found out that the communities were exposed to the threats of natural hazards like flood and storm surge. Such exposure highlighted the residents' concerns over the risks of hazards on their livelihoods and properties. The residents also observed the unpredictability and the worsening effects of climate change. With their direct experiences of the natural hazards' impacts and awareness of the presence of risks, residents had undertaken actions to build their adaptive capacity. This study then highlights the value of integrating local knowledge into the mapping exercises, revealing crucial information regarding vulnerabilities, risks, and adaptation practices.

Philippine Institutions and Complex Institutional Arrangements for Climate Change Adaptation in Agriculture

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sining Cuevas ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Local Agriculture ◽  
Institutional Dimension

Addressing climate change necessitates creating new, or building the capacity of old, institutions. Institutions are vital tools that determine the intensity by which climate change considerations are incorporated into the decision-making process, designs, and plans. This article aims to illustrate that it is necessary to understand the institutional environment where the CCA endeavors will be implemented such that local climate change adaptation (CCA) policies, plans, and programs can be implemented effectively. The paper also intends to demonstrate that, along with the scientific and technological discussions, institutional conversations should be among the initial vital steps in CCA planning, and that the institutional dimension should be the foundation of broader reforms toward an effective CCA implementation. The paper accomplished this by investigating the conditions in the local agriculture and CCA in the Philippines. The paper applied the Institutional Environment Matrix as the main analytical framework. The analysis showed that the existing institutional dynamics in the Philippines have impacted the effectiveness of the introduced CCA policies and efforts. The Local Government Code of the Philippines had counterproductive interplays with other institutional rules; first in agriculture, and afterwards, in CCA. The Code has devolved tasks to the local governments, provided local government units with extensive authority over their jurisdictions, and improved autonomy in local governance. However, it lacks the arrangements that would create (dis)incentives for individual and collective actions (i.e., rewards and penalties, payoffs on actions). Likewise, institutional mechanisms to support the devolution of government services are wanting. Such institutional environment in local governance has curtailed the effectiveness of local agricultural policies and the efficient implementation of new CCA policies. This article advocates that analyzing the institutional environment where the CCA endeavors will be implemented will enable policy makers and CCA planners to understand better and to have deeper perception of the interlinkages between and among institutional arrangements. In the case of the Philippines, if the local agricultural institutional environment was considered in the design and implementation of the CCA policies, institutional support mechanisms that can address the existing issues and concerns in local agriculture may have been incorporated into these policies. Such action may have helped implementers to avoid the same difficulties in operationalizing CCA initiatives. Accordingly, the paper analyzed how CCA is operationalized through an institutional lens, and presented how institutional analysis is important in policy making. It further demonstrated the complexity of institutional linkages and raised the conversation on the institutional dimension of CCA.

scholarly journals Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation in Comprehensive Development Planning of the Cities in Nueva Ecija in the Philippines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arneil G. Gabriel ◽  
Patrick Neil M. Santiago ◽  
Rosemarie R. Casimiro
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Comprehensive Development

AbstractRecent scientific consensus suggests that climate-related disasters are becoming more frequent and destructive. Consequently, increasing importance is given to disaster risk reduction (DRR) and climate change adaptation (CCA) in global governance. The projected global warming at 1.5 ºC and the climate variability that the Philippine archipelago experiences make DRR-CCA the key priorities of both the national and local government units. In this study, we assessed and measured the degree of mainstreaming of DRR-CCA in the comprehensive development plans (CDPs) of the five component cities in the province of Nueva Ecija in the Philippines. These are among the areas in Central Luzon that are susceptible to hydrometeorological and geologic hazards. We distributed survey questionnaires to 25 employees of the local government units in the five component cities in Nueva Ecija who are directly involved in planning activities. We triangulated their responses using archival data (review of written policies and plans). The main findings of the study indicate that in spite the presence of laws and policies on DRR-CCA, their implementation is only in the preliminary stages. The results also provide insights to policymakers and future researchers on the challenges and opportunities influencing the systemic mainstreaming of DRR-CCA in the province.

scholarly journals Enhancing resilience through capacity building in LCCAP formulation in the local government of Aurora, Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan M. Pulhin ◽  
Maricel A. Tapia-Villamayor ◽  
Catherine L. de Luna ◽  
Rex Victor O. Cruz ◽  
Aileen S. Peria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Collaborative Advantage

Climate Disaster Risk Assessment (CDRA) and Local Climate Change Action Plan (LCCAP) provide the scientific and legal platform for climate change adaptation and mitigation in the Philippines. This APN CAPaBLE project responds to the limited technical capacity of local government units (LGUs) to comply with this requirement through collaborative capacity building. Evaluation of CDRA and LCCAP led to a National Interagency Technical and Policy Forum to formulate action plans and fast-track preparations. The initial stage of the project demonstrated collaborative advantage as a condition for mobilizing human and financial resources was enabled. Collaborative inertia set in once the technical limitations of Aurora LGUs surfaced to complete the CDRA. This mirrored the results of the institutional capacity survey, administered to 87 disaster risk reduction and management Technical Working Group (TWG) members, highlighting the LGUs limitations in data availability and functional knowledge on climate change. Thus, a shift in capacity building strategy through focused mentoring and managing LGU expectations was done. The Aurora LGUs successfully completed its CDRA and LCCAP requirements through a lengthy and arduous process. It was acknowledged that CDRA preparation has a steep learning curve and competes heavily with other multiple functions and pressing demands from the LGUs. The national interagency forum resolution suggested that the CDRA be assigned to another government agency while LGUs shift capacity development initiatives to understanding and mainstreaming scientific assessment into local plans. The project experience highlights the difficult, yet promising, path to human security development and resilience building and underscored prudence and urgency of adaptation planning at the local level.

scholarly journals LEVEL OF AWARENESS AND PARTICIPATION OF PANTAWID PAMILYANG PILIPINO PROGRAM BENEFICIARIES ON CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION AND MITIGATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Amerjaphil Louie A. Vidal ◽  
Anthony B. San Pedro ◽  
Freyanne A. Redoble ◽  
Mildred M. Bermudez
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Family Development ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
Parent Leaders ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
Descriptive Survey ◽  
Adaptation And Mitigation

This paper determined the level of awareness of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) beneficiaries on Climate Change and their level of participation in climate change adaptation and mitigation. The study is anchored on the Theory of Planned Behavior. The study utilized a descriptive survey method. The participants of the study are sixty-one (61) 4Ps Parent-Leaders from the twenty-two (22) barangays of Municipality of Llanera, Nueva Ecija. The results showed that 4Ps beneficiaries are aware of the effects of climate change but their participation to adapt and mitigate its effects are not always observed due to inadequate resources, technology and lack of support from the local government.  The study showed the need to evaluate the 4Ps beneficiaries on the application of Family Development Session topics regarding Climate Change. The study may provide baseline data for the formulation of local policies and programs for participatory climate change adaptation and mitigation.

scholarly journals Investigating factors influencing local government decision makers while adopting integration technologies (IntTech)

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mustafa Kamal ◽  
Ali Ziaee Bigdeli ◽  
Marinos Themistocleous ◽  
Vincenzo Morabito
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Government Decision
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