Adsorption of Free Chlorine on Tetravalent Lead Corrosion Product (PbO2)

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Zhang ◽  
Yi-Pin Lin
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Product ◽  
Free Chlorine ◽  
Lead Corrosion

Impact of Chlorine Disinfectants on Dissolution of the Lead Corrosion Product PbO2

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (18) ◽  
pp. 7082-7088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanjiao Xie ◽  
Yin Wang ◽  
Daniel E. Giammar
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Product ◽  
Lead Corrosion

Effects of pH and Carbonate Concentration on Dissolution Rates of the Lead Corrosion Product PbO2

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 1093-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanjiao Xie ◽  
Yin Wang ◽  
Vidhi Singhal ◽  
Daniel E. Giammar
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Product ◽  
Dissolution Rates ◽  
Carbonate Concentration ◽  
Lead Corrosion ◽  
Effects Of Ph

Spectral Analysis Of CO2 Corrosion Product Scales On 13Cr Tubing Steel

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanfa Lin ◽  
Yaorong Feng ◽  
Zhenquan Bai ◽  
Jianmin Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Corrosion Product ◽  
Co2 Corrosion

Efficacy of a combined system of copper and silver and free chlorine for inactivation of Naegleria fowleri amoebas in water

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 119-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Cassells ◽  
M. T. Yahya ◽  
C. P. Gerba ◽  
J. B. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Free Chlorine ◽  
Log10 Reduction ◽  
Naegleria Fowleri ◽  
Combined System ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Nægleria Fowleri ◽  
Time Required

Electrolytically generated copper and silver ions (400:40 and 800:80 μg/l) were evaluated, separately and combined with 1.0 mg/l free chlorine, for their efficacy in reducing the viable numbers of Naegleria fowleri amoebas in water (pH 7.3 and 23-25°C). Inactivation rates (k = log10 reduction/min) and T99 values (exposure time required to achieve a 99% or a 2 log10 reduction) of the disinfectants were determined. Copper and silver alone, at ratio of 400:40 to 800:80 μg/l caused no significant inactivation of N. fowleri even after 72 hours of exposure (k = 0.00017 and 0.00013, respectively). Addition of 1.0 mg/l free chlorine to water which contained 400:40 or 800:80 μg/l copper and silver resulted in enhanced inactivation rates (k = 0.458 and 0.515, respectively) compared to either chlorine alone (k = 0.33) or the metals alone. Water containing 800:80 μg/l copper and silver with 1.0 mg/l chlorine showed a T99 value of 3.9 minutes, while chlorine alone showed a T99 of 6.1 minutes. Enhanced inactivation of N. fowleri by a combined system of free chlorine and copper and silver may be attributed to the different mechanism that each disinfectant utilizes in inactivating the amoebas, and may suggest a synergistic effect.

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