Interpretation of Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure (SPLP) Results for Assessing Risk to Groundwater from Land-Applied Granular Waste

Fly ash (FA) and bottom ash (BA) are some of waste generated by coal-fired power plants, which contains large quantities of toxic and heavy metals. The combustion of coal after been heated at specific temperatures and pressures in power stations produces ash. FA and BA must be properly managed and disposed without causing any harmful environmental effects. In recent years, many researchers have been interested to study on the properties of self-compacting concrete (SCC) incorporated with FA and BA but there was very limited research from the combination of FA and BA towards the environmental needs. Therefore, this study was focused in determining the leachability of heavy metals of SCC incorporated with FA and BA by using Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure (SPLP). The samples were obtained from coal-fired power plant located at Peninsula, Malaysia. As such, the potential heavy metals leached out from SCC that is produced with FA as replacement for Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and BA as replacement for sand with the ratios from 10% to 30% respectively were designated and casted. There are eight heavy metals of concern such as As, Cr, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Mn and Fe. The results show that all heavy metals were leached below the permissible limits from USEPA and EPAV except for As which is the only heavy metal that leaches in large amount even in the control specimen. This is probably due to the influence from the acidic extraction fluid, causing As to leach out in higher amounts during the extraction process. All in all, the uses FA and BA in SCC up to 20% seem to be an environmental friendly practice as far as leaching of heavy metals in the concrete is comply with the standard.

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Assessing lead mobility rate from spent corroded and non-corroded bullets fragments on different soil types of tropical ecosystems

Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry ◽

10.2478/auoc-2019-0015 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 81-87

Author(s):

Effiong Ukorebi Etim

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Retention Time ◽

Soil Types ◽

Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure ◽

Mobility Rate ◽

Pb Contamination ◽

Water Toxicity ◽

Synthetic Precipitation ◽

Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure ◽

Leaching Procedure

Abstract Lead ions mobility from spent metallic Pb bullets is under increasing scrutiny as a potential significant source of soil contamination. This study investigates effect of soil-properties types on Pb(II) mobility from spent corroded and non-corroded bullets and associated environmental risk using water, toxicity characteristic leaching procedure and synthetic precipitation leaching procedure as leaching techniques. From results, loamy soil properties (pH and organic matter-specific) apparently favored high mobility rate of Pb(II) (0.004 - 1.166 % Pb contamination) from spent bullets compared to sandy and clay soil types. Consequently, Pb(II) mobility from corroded bullet (0.035 - 1.166 %) was significant (p < 0.05) compared to non-corroded bullet (0.004 - 0.873 %) due largely to surface area differences. Percentage Pb contamination increased proportionally with bullet retention time in the different soils types. The experiment reported average decomposition rate of 6.9 g Pb/kg within a 28 weeks retention time. Leaching potential of Pb from spent bullet arising from water, toxicity characteristic leaching procedure and synthetic precipitation leaching procedure was quite significant (p < 0.05) in order of over 100 mg/L. Both toxicity characteristic leaching procedure-Pb and synthetic precipitation leaching procedure-Pb exceeded the 5 mg/L and 15 µg/L critical levels suggested by United State Environmental Protection Agency for Pb (II) mobility and hazardous classification. A significant positive correlation existed between corroded and non-corroded Pb (II) levels within each leaching solutions. Continued dissolution of metallic Pb (II) from spent Pb-bullets may be a mechanism for natural attenuation of Pb in soils. An important result of this study is the clear influence of soil properties on Pb mobility.

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