β-Cell Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Normal Glucose-Tolerant Subjects Stratified by 1-Hour Plasma Glucose Values

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miranda M. Priya ◽  
Anandakumar Amutha ◽  
T.A. Pramodkumar ◽  
Harish Ranjani ◽  
Saravanan Jebarani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerant ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerant ◽  
Β Cell Function

scholarly journals The effect of vitamin D supplementation on the glycemic control of pre-diabetic Qatari patients in a randomized control trial

BMC Nutrition ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Al Thani ◽  
Eman Sadoun ◽  
Angeliki Sofroniou ◽  
Amin Jayyousi ◽  
Khaled Ahmed Mohamed Baagar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Β Cell Function

Abstract Background Vitamin D deficiency is associated with indicators of pre-diabetes including, insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction and elevated plasma glucose with controversial findings from current trials. This study aims to investigate the long-term effect of vitamin D on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in pre-diabetic and highly vitamin-deficient subjects. Methods One hundred thirty-two participants were randomized to 30,000 IU vitamin D weekly for 6 months. Participants underwent oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 3-month intervals to determine the change in plasma glucose concentration at 2 h after 75 g OGTT (2hPCG). Secondary measurements included glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose and insulin, post-prandial insulin, indices of insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR, Matsuda Index), β-cell function (HOMA-β, glucose and insulin area under the curve (AUC), disposition and insulinogenic indices), and lipid profile. Results A total of 57 (vitamin D) and 75 (placebo) subjects completed the study. Mean baseline serum 25(OH) D levels were 17.0 ng/ml and 14.9 ng/ml for placebo and vitamin D group, respectively. No significant differences were observed for 2hPC glucose or insulin sensitivity indices between groups. HOMA-β significantly decreased in the vitamin D group, while area under curve for glucose and insulin showed a significant reduction in β-cell function in both groups. Additionally, HOMA-β was found to be significantly different between control and treatment group and significance persisted after adjusting for confounding factors. Conclusion Vitamin D supplementation in a pre-diabetic and severely vitamin-deficient population had no effect on glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity. The observed reduction in β-cell function in both placebo and vitamin D groups could be attributed to factors other than supplementation. Trial registration NCT02098980, 28/03/2014 (www.clinicaltrials.gov).

scholarly journals Antidepressant medication use and trajectories of fasting plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin, β-cell function and insulin sensitivity: a 9-year longitudinal study of the D.E.S.I.R. cohort

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1927-1940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marine Azevedo Da Silva ◽  
Aline Dugravot ◽  
Beverley Balkau ◽  
Ronan Roussel ◽  
Frédéric Fumeron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Antidepressant Use

Abstract Background : Use of antidepressants is seen to be a risk factor for type 2 diabetes, even though the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We examined whether antidepressant use was associated with change in fasting plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), β-cell function (HOMA2-%B) and insulin sensitivity (HOMA2-%S) over time. Methods : Participants in the French D.E.S.I.R. cohort study included over 4700 men (48.1%) and women, free of diabetes, aged 30–65 years at baseline in 1994–96 (D.E.S.I.R. 0), who were followed for 9 years at 3-yearly intervals (D.E.S.I.R. 3, 1997–99; 6, 2000–02; 9, 2003–05). Antidepressant use, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, HOMA2-%B and HOMA2-%S were assessed concurrently at four medical examinations. Linear mixed models were used to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of time-dependent antidepressant use with changes in these four biological parameters. Results : Mean fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c increased whereas HOMA2-%B and HOMA2-%S decreased over the follow-up. In a fully adjusted model, there were no differences in: mean fasting plasma glucose ( β  = 0.01 mmol/l, P  = 0.702); HbA1c ( β  = 0.01 %, P  = 0.738); HOMA2-%B ( β  = 0.00, P  = 0.812); or HOMA2-%S ( β  =−0.01, P  = 0.791) at baseline (1994–96) between antidepressant users and non-users. The interaction term with time also suggested no differences in the annual change in: fasting plasma glucose ( β  = 0.00 mmol/l, P  = 0.322); HbA1c ( β  = 0.00 %, P  = 0.496); HOMA2-%B ( β  = 0.00, P  = 0.609); or HOMA2-%S ( β  = 0.00, P  = 0.332) between antidepressant users and non-users. Similar associations were observed in analyses of type and cumulative use of antidepressants over follow-up. Conclusion : Our longitudinal data show that use of antidepressants is not associated with altered glucose metabolism, suggesting that the association between antidepressant use and diabetes reported by previous studies may not be causal. Detection bias or clinical ascertainment bias may account for much of this apparent association.

scholarly journals Study of phases of insulin secretion in pre-diabetes and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Sabreena Mohtarin ◽  
Md. Matiur Rahman ◽  
Subrata Kumar Biswas ◽  
Forhadul Hoque Mollah ◽  
M. Iqbal Arslan
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Beta Cell Function ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerant ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerant ◽  
Second Phases

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Insulin is released from the pancreas in a biphasic manner in response to arterial glucose concentration. The assumption has been generally made that the 30-minute response reflected first-phase insulin release, whereas the 120-minute response reflected second-phase insulin release.</p><p><strong>Objectives:</strong> The aim of this study was to identify the defect in first and second phases of insulin secretion in pre-diabetes and newly diagnosed T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> This case-control study was conducted in the department of Biochemistry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbag, Dhaka from March 2013 to June 2014. All the study subjects (n = 94) were collected from the one point centre, BSMMU as newly diagnosed T2DM, pre-diabetes and healthy normal glucose tolerant subjects according to fasting plasma glucose and 2 hour plasma glucose status. A total of 32 newly diagnosed T2DM and 32 pre-diabetes were included on the basis of inclusion criteria as cases. Another 30 healthy normal glucose tolerant subjects were emolled as control. Fasting blood samples were collected from study subjects to estimate the plasma glucose and insulin level. Again blood samples were taken for measurement of plasma glucose and insulin level at 30 minute and 120 minute on OGTT.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Fasting plasma insulin was significantly higher in pre-diabetes than control and T2DM (p = 0.011). Plasma insulin at 30 minute and 120 minute of OGTT were significantly lower in T2DM than control and pre- diabetes (p = 0.001 &amp; 0.016). The insulin secretion in first and second phases were significantly lower in T2DM patients than controls and pre-diabetes (p = 0.000). Beta-cell function was also significantly lower in T2DM than controls and pre-diabetes (p = 0.000). Median values of HOMA-IR were higher in pre-diabetes (1.68) and T2DM (1.53) than control (1.37), but not statistically significant (p = 0.153). There was significant positive correlation of both phases of insulin secretion with FPI, beta-cell function and insulin resistance in T2DM, pre-diabetes and controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The study reveals that 1st and 2nd phase insulin secretory defect was detected in T2DM, but in pre-diabetes, we have failed to identify insulin secretory defects in both phases.</p>

scholarly journals The effect of vitamin D supplementation on the glycemic control of pre-diabetic Qatari patients in a randomized control trial.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Al Thani ◽  
Eman Sadoun ◽  
Angeliki Sofroniou ◽  
Amin Jayyousi ◽  
Khaled Ahmed Mohamed Baagar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Β Cell Function

Abstract Background: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with indicators of pre-diabetes including, insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction and elevated plasma glucose with controversial findings from current trials. This study aims to investigate the long-term effect of vitamin D on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in pre-diabetic and highly vitamin-deficient subjects. Methods: 132 participants were randomized to 30,000 IU vitamin D weekly for 6 months. Participants underwent oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 3-month intervals to determine the change in plasma glucose concentration at 2h after 75g OGTT (2hPCG). Secondary measurements included glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose and insulin, post-prandial insulin, indices of insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR, Matsuda Index), β-cell function (HOMA-β, glucose and insulin area under the curve (AUC), disposition and insulinogenic indices), and lipid profile. Results: A total of 57 (vitamin D) and 75 (placebo) subjects completed the study. Mean baseline serum 25(OH) D levels were 17.0 ng/ml and 14.9 ng/ml for placebo and vitamin D group, respectively. No significant differences were observed for 2hPC glucose or insulin sensitivity indices between groups. HOMA-β significantly decreased in the vitamin D group, while area under curve for glucose and insulin showed a significant reduction in β-cell function in both groups. Additionally, HOMA-β was found to be significantly different between control and treatment group and significance persisted after adjusting for confounding factors. Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation in a pre-diabetic and severely vitamin-deficient population had no effect on glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity. The observed reduction in β-cell function in both placebo and vitamin D groups could be attributed to factors other than supplementation. Trial registration: The trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov with number: NCT02098980.

scholarly journals The effect of vitamin D supplementation on the glycemic control of pre-diabetic Qatari patients in a randomized control trial.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Al Thani ◽  
Eman Sadoun ◽  
Angeliki Sofroniou ◽  
Amin Jayyousi ◽  
Khaled Ahmed Mohamed Baagar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Baseline Serum ◽  
Β Cell Function

Abstract Background: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with indicators of pre-diabetes including, insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction and elevated plasma glucose with controversial findings from current trials. This study aims to investigate the long-term effect of vitamin D on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in pre-diabetic and highly vitamin-deficient subjects. Methods: 132 participants were randomized to 30,000 IU vitamin D weekly for 6 months. Participants underwent oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 3-month intervals to determine the change in plasma glucose concentration at 2h after 75g OGTT (2hPCG). Secondary measurements included glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose and insulin, post-prandial insulin, indices of insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR, Matsuda Index), β-cell function (HOMA-β, glucose and insulin area under the curve (AUC), disposition and insulinogenic indices), and lipid profile. Results: A total of 57 (vitamin D) and 75 (placebo) subjects completed the study. Mean baseline serum 25(OH) D levels were 17.0 ng/ml and 14.9 ng/ml for placebo and vitamin D group, respectively. No significant differences were observed for 2hPC glucose or insulin sensitivity indices between groups. HOMA-β significantly decreased in the vitamin D group, while area under curve for glucose and insulin showed a significant reduction in β-cell function in both groups. Additionally, HOMA-β was found to be significantly different between control and treatment group and significance persisted after adjusting for confounding factors. Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation in a pre-diabetic and severely vitamin-deficient population had no effect on glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity. The observed reduction in β-cell function in both placebo and vitamin D groups could be attributed to factors other than supplementation. Trial registration: NCT02098980, 28/03/2014 (www.clinicaltrials.gov).

scholarly journals Impaired β-cell function and insulin sensitivity in Japanese subjects with normal glucose tolerance

2003 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Kuroe ◽  
Mitsuo Fukushima ◽  
Masaru Usami ◽  
Masaki Ikeda ◽  
Yoshikatsu Nakai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Japanese Subjects
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