scholarly journals Jealousy-Induced Sex Differences in Eye Gaze Directed at Either Emotional- or Sexual Infidelity–Related Mobile Phone Messages

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Dunn ◽  
Holly McLean
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Sexual Infidelity

scholarly journals The influence of a rival’s (in)fertility on jealousy and the allocation of blame following a mate’s infidelity

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryanne Fisher ◽  
Laura Robertson ◽  
Haley Dillon
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Sexual Infidelity ◽  
Emotional Infidelity ◽  
Past Work ◽  
Selective Pressures ◽  
Reproductive Capability ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Do So

Selective pressures throughout evolutionary history have caused the adaptation of sex-specific responses to dilemmas that are relevant for reproductive fitness. Sex differences in imagined jealousy due to infidelity are well documented, but past work does not consider the influence of reproductive capability (i.e., being fertile versus infertile) on responses. Relying on an online survey of 369 adults, we hypothesized that infidelities involving an infertile interloper lead to less jealousy than infidelities involving a fertile interloper. Further, for sexual infidelity, regardless of the interloper’s fertility, we hypothesized men would allocate the most responsibility to their partner and women would do so for the interloper, given women are assumed to behave with more intention. This hypothesis was partially supported; while men did allocate the most responsibility to their mate, so too did women, but women also blamed the interloper more than men. With regards to emotional infidelity, again independent of the interloper’s fertility, we hypothesized men will primarily hold their partner responsible. However, we hypothesized that women will again consider the interloper responsible, but also their partner, due to concerns over fear of losing access to needed resources. This prediction was partially supported, as both sexes primarily hold their partner most responsible, and women held the interloper more accountable than did men. The findings shed light onto how individuals assess relationship threats and allocate responsibility, according to reproductive capability.

scholarly journals Are There Sex Differences in Reaction to Different Types of Sexual Infidelity?

Psychology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 161-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Joel Wade ◽  
Ryan Kelley ◽  
Dominique Church
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Sexual Infidelity ◽  
Different Types

scholarly journals Heterosexual couples and homosexual rivals: Sex differences in romantic jealousy when the rival is the same sex as your partner

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Voracek ◽  
Jeff Ward ◽  
Phoebe Proudfoot
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Heterosexual Men ◽  
Heterosexual Couples ◽  
Sexual Infidelity ◽  
Testing Strategy ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Romantic Jealousy ◽  
Sexual Jealousy ◽  
Heterosexual Women

Research testing hypotheses derived from evolutionary psychology about sex differences in romantic jealousy has been hampered by a confirmationist hypothesis testing strategy. We report three studies conducted in Austria and Australia that employ a conditional hypothesis testing strategy to investigate variations in sex differences in jealousy under different relationship conditions, namely opposite-sex and same-sex infidelity among heterosexual individuals. In Study 1, heterosexual women found a same-sex sexual infidelity more aversive than heterosexual men did, and this difference persisted after adjusting for other likely predictors of this difference. In Studies 2 and 3, enhanced sexual jealousy in heterosexual men was not observed when the rival was the same sex as his partner. This effect was reversed for women, who were more distressed by sexual versus emotional infidelity when the rival was the same sex as her partner. An explanation for this set of findings, based on sex differences in sexual and attachment motivation, is proposed.

Sex Differences in Jealousy in Evolutionary and Cultural Perspective: Tests From the Netherlands, Germany, and the United States

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 359-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bram P. Buunk ◽  
Alois Angleitner ◽  
Viktor Oubaid ◽  
David M. Buss
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Evolutionary Psychology ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sexual Infidelity ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Psychological Model ◽  
Emotional Infidelity ◽  
Sexual Jealousy

As predicted by models derived from evolutionary psychology, men within the United States have been shown to exhibit greater psychological and physiological distress to sexual than to emotional infidelity of their partner, and women have been shown to exhibit more distress to emotional than to sexual infidelity Because cross-cultural tests are critical for evolutionary hypotheses, we examined these sex differences in three parallel studies conducted in the Netherlands (N = 207), Germany (N = 200), and the United States (N = 224) Two key findings emerged First, the sex differences in sexual jealousy are robust across these cultures, providing support for the evolutionary psychological model Second, the magnitude of the sex differences varies somewhat across cultures—large for the United States, medium for Germany and the Netherlands Discussion focuses on the evolutionary psychology of jealousy and on the sensitivity of sex differences in the sexual sphere to cultural input

Sex Differences in Detecting Sexual Infidelity

Human Nature ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W. Andrews ◽  
Steven W. Gangestad ◽  
Geoffrey F. Miller ◽  
Martie G. Haselton ◽  
Randy Thornhill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Sexual Infidelity

scholarly journals Gaze Following Is Related to the Broader Autism Phenotype in a Sex-Specific Way: Building the Case for Distinct Male and Female Autism Phenotypes

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth M. Whyte ◽  
K. Suzanne Scherf
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Broader Autism Phenotype ◽  
Broad Autism Phenotype ◽  
Gaze Following ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Core Feature ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Autism Phenotype

The search for a female autism phenotype is difficult, given the low diagnostic rates in females. Here, we studied potential sex differences in a core feature of autism, difficulty with eye gaze processing, among typically developing individuals who vary in the broad autism phenotype, which includes autistic-like traits that are common, continuously distributed, and similarly heritable in males and females. Participants viewed complex images of an actor in a naturalistic scene looking at one of many possible objects and had to identify the target gazed-at object. Among males, those high in autistic-like traits exhibited worse eye gaze following performance than did those low in these traits. Among females, eye gaze following behavior did not vary with autistic-like traits. These results suggest that deficient eye gaze following behavior is part of the broader autism phenotype for males, but may not be a part of the female autism phenotype.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Implicit Association and Attentional Demands for Information about Infidelity

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 147470490700500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime W. Thomson ◽  
Shilpa Patel ◽  
Steven M. Platek ◽  
Todd K. Shackelford
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Stroop Task ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Sexual Infidelity ◽  
Implicit Processing ◽  
Attentional Processing ◽  
Emotional Infidelity ◽  
Word Category

Sex differences in reaction to a romantic partner's infidelity are well documented and are hypothesized to be attributable to sex-specific jealousy mechanisms that solve sex specific adaptive problems. There have been few cognitive-based investigations of jealousy, however. Here we investigated sex differences in implicit processing of jealousy-based information. In Experiment 1, we used the implicit association test (IAT) to investigate sex-differentiated biases in classifying sexual or emotional infidelity information as being positive or negative. Men made significantly more errors when asked to classify as pleasant, words indicating sexual infidelity. In Experiment 2, we modified the Stroop task to include words that depicted infidelity-related topics in three priming conditions: sexual infidelity priming, emotional infidelity priming, and a no priming control. Men were significantly slower to respond after being primed with sexual infidelity scenarios. The effect of sexual infidelity priming was not word-category specific, suggesting that cognition about a partner's sexual infidelity hijacks general cognitive and attentional processing. These findings suggest that men may automatically classify information about sexual infidelity as negative and that the automatic negative processing of sexual infidelity takes precedent over other types of immediate cognition.

Priming of AIDS and Reactions to Infidelity: Are Sex Differences in Jealousy Context-Dependent?

2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerd Bohner ◽  
Michaela Wänke
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
University Students ◽  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Context Effects ◽  
Sexual Infidelity ◽  
Emotional Infidelity ◽  
Priming Condition ◽  
Context Dependent

Abstract: Context effects on men's and women's reactions to infidelity were studied in a laboratory experiment. University students (71 male, 54 female) were randomly assigned to either a neutral-priming control condition or a condition where AIDS was primed unobtrusively. Then they reported whether emotional or sexual infidelity of their partner would distress them more, and rated their degree of distress for each type of infidelity. Men (vs. women) reported greater distress in response to sexual (vs. emotional) infidelity in the neutral-priming condition, whereas no sex differences were observed in the AIDS-priming condition. Most participants were unaware of the priming. The results are discussed in relation to evolutionary and socio-cultural explanations of sex differences in jealousy.

Sex Differences in Responses to Emotional and Sexual Infidelity in Dating Relationships

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandy Walsh ◽  
Murray Millar ◽  
R. Shane Westfall
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Sexual Infidelity ◽  
Dating Relationships ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Mate Retention ◽  
Emotional Infidelity ◽  
Asymmetrical Pattern ◽  
Behavioral Choices

Abstract. This study examined the influence of the type of partner infidelity (sexual vs. emotional) and sex of participant on actual mate abandonment and mate retention behaviors. It was predicted that men would engage in significantly more mate abandonment behaviors after experiencing a physical infidelity and that women would engage in significantly more mate abandonment behaviors after experiencing an emotional infidelity. To test this hypothesis, men and women who had either experienced a sexual or emotional infidelity were recruited and were asked to complete several measures designed to indicate their behavioral responses to the infidelity. The men and women in the study showed the predicted asymmetrical pattern of behavioral choices in response to sexual and emotional infidelity.

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