Osmotic Release Oral System Methylphenidate Versus Atomoxetine for the Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Chinese Youth: 8-Week Comparative Efficacy and 1-Year Follow-Up

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Su ◽  
Li Yang ◽  
Mark A. Stein ◽  
Qingjiu Cao ◽  
Yufeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Comparative Efficacy ◽  
Chinese Youth ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

Visual attention in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder before and after stimulant treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (15) ◽  
pp. 2617-2625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Marie Low ◽  
Signe Vangkilde ◽  
Julijana le Sommer ◽  
Birgitte Fagerlund ◽  
Birte Glenthøj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Visual Attention ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Stimulant Medication ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Visual Processing Speed ◽  
Adhd Symptomatology

AbstractBackgroundAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder which frequently persists into adulthood. The primary goal of the current study was to (a) investigate attentional functions of stimulant medication-naïve adults with ADHD, and (b) investigate the effects of 6 weeks of methylphenidate treatment on these functions.MethodsThe study was a prospective, non-randomized, non-blinded, 6-week follow-up design with 42 stimulant medication-naïve adult patients with ADHD, and 42 age and parental education-matched healthy controls. Assessments included measures of visual attention, based on Bundesen's Theory of Visual Attention (TVA), which yields five precise measures of aspects of visual attention; general psychopathology; ADHD symptoms; dyslexia screening; and estimates of IQ.ResultsAt baseline, significant differences were found between patients and controls on three attentional parameters: visual short-term memory capacity, threshold of conscious perception, and to a lesser extent visual processing speed. Secondary analyses revealed no significant correlations between TVA parameter estimates and severity of ADHD symptomatology. At follow-up, significant improvements were found specifically for visual processing speed; this improvement had a large effect size, and remained when controlling for re-test effects, IQ, and dyslexia screen performance. There were no significant correlations between changes in visual processing speed and changes in ADHD symptomatology.ConclusionsADHD in adults may be associated with deficits in three distinct aspects of visual attention. Improvements after 6 weeks of medication are seen specifically in visual processing speed, which could represent an improvement in alertness. Clinical symptoms and visual attentional deficits may represent separate aspects of ADHD in adults.

scholarly journals The diagnosis and management of adult ADHD in HMP Elmley, a Category B remand prison

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S90-S90
Author(s):  
Kathleen McCurdy ◽  
Nosa Igbinomwanhia
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
Waiting Times ◽  
Adhd Medication ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Initial Appointment

AimsAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly prevalent disorder in young adult prisoners. This audit aimed to identify how many residents are prescribed medication treatment for ADHD in HMP Elmley and whether those seen by the prison psychiatrists have been managed in line with NICE guidelines. We also audited waiting times and time to follow-up appointments. This was done with the overall aim to identify potential areas for development.MethodWe performed a spot audit of all residents in HMP Elmley who were prescribed ADHD medication on 4th November 2019, using their electronic patient records. Appointments with the psychiatrists were then subdivided into initial assessments and follow-up appointments for the purpose of analysis. Performance was measured against NICE Guideline [NG87]: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: diagnosis and management. We also calculated the waiting times for initial appointment and follow-up appointment.ResultWe found that 33 of residents were on ADHD medication at the time of the audit, approximately 3% of the prison population. 64% of those had a pre-existing diagnosis and 36% had been given a new diagnosis at HMP Elmley. Of those newly diagnosed 100% had undergone a Diagnostic Interview for Adults in ADHD (DIVA) assessment for diagnosis.Baseline physical health checks had been performed in 68% of patients prior to starting medication and a cardiovascular examination had occurred in 9%. At follow-up 100% of patients had their physical observations and weight checked and their symptoms reviewed.91% of patients were started on methylphenidate or lisdexamfetamine as first line treatment, with the rest started on atomoxetine and the reason for this documented.100% patients were offered general psychological support.There was a mean 22 day wait for an initial appointment (range 0-65) and a mean 20 day wait from starting medication to a psychiatric follow-up appointment (range 8-37)ConclusionThe number of residents treated for ADHD in HMP Elmley is relatively low (3%) compared to the estimated prevalence in prison population.The key areas for improvement are in baseline cardiovascular examinations and physical health evaluations. The waiting time between initial psychiatric appointment and follow-up is another area where improvement is needed and this will form the basis of a quality improvement project.Future steps include setting up a specific ADHD clinic with an allocated nurse practitioner to support, producing a template for ADHD assessments and follow-ups, producing a local policy on ADHD and developing specific resources for ADHD psychoeducation.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Support System for the Detection of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Using EOG Signals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esra Demirci ◽  
Mustafa Yasin Esas ◽  
Çiğdem Gülüzar Altıntop ◽  
Neslihan Taştepe ◽  
Fatma Latifoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Support System ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Subjective Effect ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic Support

Abstract Although Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood disease, objective diagnostic methods are insufficient still. Current diagnostic methods include the subjective influence of the evaluator. In this context, in our study, we aimed to minimize the subjective effect of the evaluator with the objective diagnosis support system for ADHD.In our study, a visual stimulus follow-up test developed by us was applied to the patient with ADHD and healthy individuals, and electrooculogram (EOG) signals were recorded simultaneously. With the features extracted from EOG signals, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) were used for the classification study of patients and healthy individuals, and it was determined that the classification of ADHD and healthy group could be distinguished by 81.76% performance. Thus, the outcomes that will contribute to the objective diagnosis of ADHD have been presented. The results are remarkable and important findings have been obtained that will contribute to the literature.

scholarly journals Correlates of nicotine dependence in men with childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a 33-year follow-up

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
Lourdes García Murillo ◽  
María A. Ramos-Olazagasti ◽  
Rachel G. Klein ◽  
Salvatore Mannuzza ◽  
Francisco Xavier Castellanos
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder

scholarly journals PARENTAL PERCEPTIONS OF MEDICATION IMPACT ON BEHAVIOUR AND LEARNING IN CHILDREN WITH ATTENTION/DEFICIT-HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. e35-e35
Author(s):  
Jean-Francois Lemay ◽  
Julie-Anne Lemay ◽  
Hanna Kubas
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Parental Perceptions ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Stimulant Medications ◽  
The Impact

Abstract BACKGROUND Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that often negatively impacts behaviour, cognition, and learning. Stimulant medications are the most commonly used treatment for ADHD, with informant reports (e.g., parent questionnaires, surveys) frequently used to evaluate medication impact on behavioural and academic functioning in affected children. OBJECTIVES To determine parental perceptions of medication impact on behaviour and learning in a long-acting methylphenidate (LA-MPH) trial of their children with ADHD. DESIGN/METHODS A randomized controlled LA-MPH medication trial was conducted with children ages 8–12 with a diagnosis of ADHD. Trial began with one-week of baseline assessment, followed by a randomized three-week standard of care medication trial, and a one-week best dose assessment. Following the conclusion of the study (6 months to 2 years’ range post-treatment), families were asked to participate in a voluntary follow-up phone survey to evaluate parental perceptions on child’s behaviour and learning. RESULTS A total of 34/42 (81%) families participated (male to female ratio: 2.1/1). At the time of the follow-up survey, 53% (18/34) and 68% (23/34) of patients were having “difficulty” or “significant difficulty” with their behaviour and learning, respectively. Twenty-three patients (68%) were still on psycho-stimulant medications. Although parents of those 23 children said LA-MPH had in general “significant” or “very significant” impact on their child’s behaviour (87%) and learning (79%), these parents were still reporting challenges with behaviour (52%) and learning (61%) at follow-up. In addition, parents of children not on medication said that their current child’s behaviour and learning was still having the same or more challenging issues (82% and 73% respectively). CONCLUSION Overall, parents reported that medication significantly impacted their child’s behaviour and learning; however, long-term medication impact appears less effective. Thus, an ongoing relationship with families and paediatricians is recommended to better understand the impact of medication on behaviour and learning. Evaluating the effects of medication on behaviour and learning may ultimately lead to targeted intervention that help foster long-term treatment efficacy for children with ADHD.

A Follow-up Study of Relational Processes and Consultation Outcomes for Students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
William P. Erchul ◽  
George J. DuPaul ◽  
Megan S. Bennett ◽  
Priscilla F. Grissom ◽  
Asha K. Jitendra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Relational Processes ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Follow Up Study
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