scholarly journals The Impact of Conduct Disorder and Stimulant Medication on Later Substance Use in an Ethnically Diverse Sample of Individuals with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Childhood

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth C. Harty ◽  
Iliyan Ivanov ◽  
Jeffrey H. Newcorn ◽  
Jeffrey M. Halperin
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Stimulant Medication ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
The Impact

Treating adult ADHD and comorbid substance-related disorders

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S54-S54
Author(s):  
J.A. Ramos-Quiroga
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Stimulant Medication ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Competing Interest

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a complex, and multifactorial and chronic neurodevelopmental disorder. Comorbid psychiatric disorders are highly prevalent in individuals with a diagnosis of ADHD. There is a solid overlap between ADHD and substance use disorders (SUD). Prevalence of SUD is high among patients with ADHD, so that SUD are approximately double as common among individuals with ADHD than in general population, and individuals with SUD have much higher rates than expected of a comorbid ADHD. Studies shown that treatment during childhood of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder with stimulant medication neither protects nor increases the risk of later substance use disorders. Nevertheless, recent studies found that patients with ADHD and SUD can reduce ADHD symptoms and SUD with stimulants and cognitive-behavioral therapy. Treatment of ADHD in patients with SUD requires a comprehensive diagnostic assessment. It is recommendable to stabilize the addiction prior to treating the ADHD. In this talk, the recent literature for the treatment of adults with co-occurring ADHD and SUD will be reviewed.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Substance Use And Abuse ◽  
The Impact

The book provides a comprehensive summary of the best known and most highly respected well-controlled long-term prospective follow-up studies in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). These studies followed children with ADHD and matched controls into young adulthood (mean age 20–25 years) and middle age (mean age 41 years). They explore a wide variety of clinically relevant outcome areas, such as education, occupation, emotional and psychiatric functioning, substance use and abuse, sexual behavior, and legal problems. One chapter focuses particularly on the outcome of girls with ADHD. The book also explores possible predictors of adult outcome. A whole chapter is devoted to treatment (medication and psychosocial) as a predictor of outcome. In addition to treatment, predictors explored include characteristics of the child (e.g., IQ, severity of initial ADHD symptoms, initial comorbidity) and characteristics of the family (e.g., socioeconomic status, single parenthood, parental pathology, and family functioning). A summary chapter explores the impact and importance of these predictors in various outcome areas, such as education, occupation, emotional/social functioning, antisocial behavior, substance use and abuse, and risky sexual and driving behaviors. Professionals and the general public will come away with a clear view of what can happen to children with ADHD as they proceed through adolescence and adulthood. The book also addresses important prognostic and predictive factors in treatment approaches to ensure better long-term outcome in patients with ADHD.

scholarly journals Stimulant treatment for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and risk of developing substance use disorder

2013 ◽  
Vol 203 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annabeth P. Groenman ◽  
Jaap Oosterlaan ◽  
Nanda N. J. Rommelse ◽  
Barbara Franke ◽  
Corina U. Greven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Stimulant Treatment ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Oppositional Defiant

BackgroundAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is linked to increased risk for substance use disorders and nicotine dependence.AimsTo examine the effects of stimulant treatment on subsequent risk for substance use disorder and nicotine dependence in a prospective longitudinal ADHD case–control study.MethodAt baseline we assessed ADHD, conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder. Substance use disorders, nicotine dependence and stimulant treatment were assessed retrospectively after a mean follow-up of 4.4 years, at a mean age of 16.4 years.ResultsStimulant treatment of ADHD was linked to a reduced risk for substance use disorders compared with no stimulant treatment, even after controlling for conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.91, 95% Cl 1.10−3.36), but not to nicotine dependence (HR = 1.12, 95% Cl 0.45−2.96). Within the stimulant-treated group, a protective effect of age at first stimulant use on substance use disorder development was found, which diminished with age, and seemed to reverse around the age of 18.ConclusionsStimulant treatment appears to lower the risk of developing substance use disorders and does not have an impact on the development of nicotine dependence in adolescents with ADHD.

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