Barriers to Employment: Raters' Perceptions of Male Autistic and Non-Autistic Candidates During a Simulated Job Interview and the Impact of Diagnostic Disclosure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Flower ◽  
Louise M. Dickens ◽  
Darren Hedley
Keyword(s):  
Job Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Disclosure ◽  
Barriers To Employment ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The Fellow’s Perspective: The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Fellowship Training and Job Appointment

2021 ◽  
pp. 000313482110241
Author(s):  
Adam Truong ◽  
Farin Amersi ◽  
Van Chau ◽  
Taryne Imai
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Training ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Fellowship Training ◽  
Surgical Specialty ◽  
Job Interview ◽  
Educational Structure ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Procedural Volume ◽  
Interview Format ◽  
The Impact

Background Fellows have been uniquely affected by the widespread changes in educational structure, mandatory limitations in elective procedural volume, and hiring freezes during the COVID-19 global pandemic. Study Design A voluntary and anonymous survey was distributed to all Graduate Medical Education fellows at a tertiary medical center querying perspectives on clinical and didactic training and job placement. Results A total of 47 of 121 fellows (39%) completed the survey. The majority were in a medical (43%) or surgical specialty (34%) followed by critical care (13%) and procedure-based (11%) fellowships. Approximately 59% of surveyed fellows felt their programs were providing a virtual curriculum that would train them just as well as the in-person curriculum. Twenty-eight (60%) fellows were in their final or only year of training. Of the 25 fellows who were seeking employment, 52% have experienced difficulty in finding a job due to hiring freezes and 40% have encountered challenges with job interview cancellations and changes to virtual interview formats. Conclusion Almost half of surveyed fellows reported an educational deterioration due to COVID-19 and graduating fellows seeking employment felt hindered by both the virtual interview format and widespread hiring freeze. Fellows are both unique and vulnerable as they balance the solidification of clinical training with securing employment during these tumultuous and unprecedented times.

scholarly journals Online Work Readiness Programme: Ready, Set, Go!

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-134
Author(s):  
Belinda Janeke
Keyword(s):  
Student Affairs ◽  
Career Guidance ◽  
Career Planning ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Career Services ◽  
Work Readiness ◽  
Job Interview ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

There has always been pressure on higher education institutions to enhance the employability of graduates and to instil knowledge, skills, and attributes that will be beneficial to future employers. The impact of Covid‑19 on a global, national, and local level is placing even more pressure on the topic of employability. Graduates are uncertain about job availability and there is a need for career guidance. After a national and local shutdown of university campuses in 2015 and 2016 due to #FeesMustFall, Career Services staff at the University of the Free State designed and created online work readiness programmes in order for students to continue with work preparations, no matter what the circumstances. In 2018, the first topics on CV‑writing and job interview skills were rolled out online and made available to all registered students; each semester, two additional topics were added. By the time Covid‑19 led to a national lockdown in South Africa in March 2020, the transition to online work readiness programmes was fairly easy. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of the online work readiness programmes offered on the Blackboard platform from April to June 2020 during the Covid‑19 pandemic and national lockdown. This article will provide an analysis of a questionnaire conducted with willing participants who have engaged and worked through the online work readiness programmes from April to June 2020, to investigate the impact on graduates’ readiness for the world of work. Through the survey, students shared their learning experiences and the influence it has had on their career planning. It is believed that the findings of this research study will create a deeper understanding of how career services, as a particular functional area in student affairs, can reposition itself during uncertain times to remain responsive to the needs of students.

scholarly journals ‘There’s Nothing’: Unemployment, Attitudes to Work and Punitive Welfare Reform in Post-Crash Salford

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 795-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bob Jeffery ◽  
Dawn Devine ◽  
Peter Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Welfare Reform ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Current State ◽  
Barriers To Employment ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

This article explores attitudes and barriers to work, and the impact of punitive welfare reform in the City of Salford (Greater Manchester). Contextualising our discussion in relation to the contemporary landscape of inequality and social class in the UK, we draw attention to the trends towards the expansion of low-paid work, precarity, and stigmatisation, and highlight the need for more qualitative, geographically sensitive studies of how these phenomena are being played out. Describing the economic context of the City of Salford and the current state of its labour market, we then present the findings from qualitative interviews with a sample of low income, mostly working-class participants, who describe their orientations towards employment, perceptions of the labour market, barriers to employment and interactions with punitive welfare reform. Ultimately, we conclude by noting that both strategies of neoliberal statecraft aimed at the reduction of the charitable state described by Wacquant are at play in Salford and that their result is a discouragement from claiming welfare and a recommodification of labour.

Acquisition of Living Skills by Chronic Patients as a Function of Type of Reinforcement

1981 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Denicola ◽  
Anthony Stone ◽  
James Anker
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatients ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Social Reinforcement ◽  
Inappropriate Behavior ◽  
Chronic Patients ◽  
Job Interview ◽  
Living Skills ◽  
The Impact

Current skills-training programs designed to enhance appropriate social behavior of schizophrenics almost exclusively employ positive social reinforcement. However, previous research has demonstrated that schizophrenics are more influenced by mildly aversive consequences than by positive social reinforcement. The present study examined the impact of praise and censure contingencies in a simulated job interview. It was found that observing a model receive censure for inappropriate behavior, and not praise, produced gains in performance for chronic psychiatric inpatients, 22 men and 18 women.

Barriers to Employment Participation of Individuals With Disabilities: Addressing the Impact of Employer (Mis)Perception and Policy

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 657-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. A. Baker ◽  
Maureen A. Linden ◽  
Salimah S. LaForce ◽  
Jennifer Rutledge ◽  
Kenneth P. Goughnour
Keyword(s):  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Focal Points ◽  
Individuals With Disabilities ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Barriers To Employment ◽  
Employment Participation ◽  
Comparative Survey ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Evidenced Based ◽  
The Impact

Although progress has been made toward the objective of increased employment for people with disabilities, the 17.2% employment rate of people with disabilities stands in distressing contrast to the 65% rate of those without disabilities. This article summarizes the results of a comparative survey of representative academic literature and industry publications related to employer policies and practices that can affect workforce participation of individuals with disabilities. Emergent themes include variance in employer perspectives on hiring of individuals with disabilities, impact of perceived versus actual cost as a hiring barrier, and the perceived mismatch of education and/or skills to job qualifications among applicants with disabilities. These themes represent key areas to probe in subsequent research. The research objective is to identify focal points in the industry literature, representative of employer and industry (demand side) points of view that differ from those generally portrayed in the academic literature (more generally, supply side). Findings from a thematic analysis of industry publications can provide (1) evidenced based background to assist in crafting targeted policy to address employer awareness, (2) informed development of industry guidance on topics that may assist employers to achieve a more inclusive workplace, and (3) insights applicable to addressing barriers to broadening participation by technical, scientific, and engineering trained individuals with disabilities.

“Opportunity Blocked”: Deaf People, Employment and the Sociology of Audism

2021 ◽  
pp. 016059762199550
Author(s):  
Noel O’Connell
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Employment Discrimination ◽  
Deaf People ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Unequal Treatment ◽  
Barriers To Employment ◽  
Deaf Adults ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
The Impact

Although many studies have examined deaf people’s lived experiences of audism in various contexts, relatively little research has examined such experiences in the area of employment, particularly in Ireland. There is, therefore, a dearth of research focusing on the underlying causes of the employment discrimination which deaf people continue to experience. The term “audism” has been widely used in deaf studies literature to describe a set of assumptions that promote the unequal treatment of individuals on the basis of hearing (dis)ability. In this study, I use qualitative analysis of interviews with eight deaf adults to examine the impact of audism on the lived experience of employment discrimination. My main objective was to examine the effects and causes of discrimination which prevent access to employment opportunities. The findings indicate that the three levels of audism—individual, institutional and internalized—had the effect of creating blocks and barriers to employment opportunities for deaf people. The results also point to stigma, stereotyping and prejudice as underlying causes of discrimination. The study concludes by discussing the implications of the results for conceptualizations of discriminatory behaviors on the part of employers.

scholarly journals Detecting Gaze Direction Using Robot-Mounted and Mobile-Device Cameras

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateusz Jarosz ◽  
Piotr Nawrocki ◽  
Leszek Placzkiewicz ◽  
Bartlomiej Sniezynski ◽  
Marcin Zieinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Device ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Head Movements ◽  
Gaze Direction ◽  
Flexible Structure ◽  
Gaze Estimation ◽  
Job Interview ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
The Impact

Two common channels through which humans communicate are speech andgaze. Eye gaze is an important mode of communication: it allows people tobetter understand each others’ intentions, desires, interests, and so on. The goalof this research is to develop a framework for gaze triggered events which canbe executed on a robot and mobile devices and allows to perform experiments.We experimentally evaluate the framework and techniques for extracting gazedirection based on a robot-mounted camera or a mobile-device camera whichare implemented in the framework. We investigate the impact of light on theaccuracy of gaze estimation, and also how the overall accuracy depends on usereye and head movements. Our research shows that the light intensity is im-portant, and the placement of light source is crucial. All the robot-mountedgaze detection modules we tested were found to be similar with regard to ac-curacy. The framework we developed was tested in a human-robot interactionexperiment involving a job-interview scenario. The flexible structure of thisscenario allowed us to test different components of the framework in variedreal-world scenarios, which was very useful for progressing towards our long-term research goal of designing intuitive gaze-based interfaces for human robotcommunication.

scholarly journals The impact of diagnostic disclosure in dementia: a qualitative case analysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Els Derksen ◽  
Myrra Vernooij-Dassen ◽  
Freek Gillissen ◽  
Marcel Olde-Rikkert ◽  
Philip Scheltens
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Interpersonal Relationship ◽  
Case Analysis ◽  
Interview Study ◽  
Diagnostic Disclosure ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Phase

Objective: The aim of this study was to give an in-depth description of the impact of disclosure of the diagnosis of dementia on a patient and the patient's partner.Methods: Grounded theory interview study.Results: Analysis of the interviews revealed that disclosure had an impact on three key domains: awareness of dementia, interpersonal relationship and social relationships. Disclosure was perceived as a confirmation of the pre-test ideas of both patient and carer. Formal disclosure of dementia was especially relevant for the carer in reconsidering her response to the patient's changed behavior.Discussion: Receiving the diagnosis of dementia can be considered as a crucial moment in the process of becoming aware of the changes in one's life. Moreover, disclosure marks a new phase in the process of caring by the caregiver.

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