scholarly journals Enzymatic Antioxidant Systems in Early Anaerobes: Theoretical Considerations

Astrobiology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 348-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ireneusz Ślesak ◽  
Halina Ślesak ◽  
Paulina Zimak-Piekarczyk ◽  
Piotr Rozpądek
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

scholarly journals Links between exercise/nutrition and antioxidants - protective effects on immune/respiratory systems as defense against viral infections

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (36) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Abdurrahman Kharbat ◽  
Stephen Rossettie ◽  
Mimi Zumwalt
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
Optimal Dosing ◽  
Open Window ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Harmful Effects

This paper discusses factors involved in COVID-19 pathophysiology, with a focus on nutrition, exercise, enzymatic antioxidant systems, and the interplay between immune tolerance and resistance. Of all the supplements, zinc has the most evidence for effectiveness against viruses. However, these data were based primarily on studies measuring duration of the common cold rather than on COVID-19, and optimal dosing remains unclear. Exercise has been shown to have protective tolerogenic effects against viral infection due to the impact of extracellular superoxide dismutases (EC-SODs). Exercise may have a combination of beneficial and harmful effects on outright resistance to viruses in the short term, but taken as a whole it likely has a net protective effect on the immune system. The evidence is examined through the lens of the open window theory and a thorough investigation of the relationship between EC-SODs and exercise/diet. By better understanding the host-virus relationship, clinicians and researchers alike can collaborate to establish guiding principles regarding the steps that individuals can take to protect against some of the deleterious effects of viral infections. More research in this area is needed to understand the relationships among exercise, nutrition, and viral disease. Keywords: COVID-19, SARS CoV-2, nutrition, zinc, EC-SODs, superoxide dismutase, exercise, enzymatic antioxidant/immune systems

Compatible solutes improve regrowth, ameliorate enzymatic antioxidant systems, and reduce lipid peroxidation of cryopreserved Hancornia speciosa Gomes lateral buds

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora de Oliveira Prudente ◽  
Renato Paiva ◽  
Fernanda Carlota Nery ◽  
Patrícia Duarte de Oliveira Paiva ◽  
José Donizeti Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Compatible Solutes ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
Lateral Buds ◽  
Hancornia Speciosa

Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems of minimally processed cactus stems (Opuntia ficus-indicaMill.) packaged under modified atmospheres

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 2603-2612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa I. Ventura-Aguilar ◽  
Fernando Rivera-Cabrera ◽  
Daniel Méndez-Iturbide ◽  
Clara Pelayo-Zaldívar ◽  
Elsa Bosquez-Molina
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Minimally Processed ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
Modified Atmospheres

scholarly journals Lead (Pb)-Induced Oxidative Stress Alters the Morphological and Physio-Biochemical Properties of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 409
Author(s):  
Murtaza Khan ◽  
Nkulu Kabange Rolly ◽  
Tiba Nazar Ibrahim Al Azzawi ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Bong-Gyu Mun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant

Lead (Pb) is one of the major environmental heavy metal pollutants, known as being neither essential nor beneficial for any living organisms, and which is detrimental to plant fitness, growth, and productivity, as well as human health. This study investigated the changes in the morphological, physiological, and biochemical properties of rice cultivars exposed to lead (Pb). Therefore, soil was contaminated with a solution containing 0.6 mM or 1.2 mM Pb four weeks prior to transplanting. Then, 4-week-old rice seedlings of Tunnae, Ilmi, Yasmen, Mashkab, and Amber Barka were transplanted into the contaminated soil and grown until maturity. The results showed that a high concentration of lead (1.2 mM) induced significant reduction in the plant height, number of tillers, number of panicles per plant, and the number of spikelets per panicle in Pb-sensitive rice cultivars, while in Pb-tolerant cultivars, a balanced growth of plants and non-significant change in the major yield components were recorded. However, all rice cultivars showed a reduced biomass dry weight. Under the same conditions, we observed a differential enzymatic antioxidant activity, with catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) being the most active. In addition, the proline accumulation and sucrose content increased concomitant with an increase in the Pb concentration, while the total protein and chlorophyll contents significantly decreased. Of all the soluble sugars analyzed, sucrose was the most abundant in response to Pb treatment. Interestingly, the rice cultivars Tunnae and Mashkab exhibited a high degree of tolerance towards Pb stress, with a balanced plant height, number of tillers, number of panicles, and number of spikelets per plant. Therefore, all results collectively suggest that the tolerance to Pb-induced oxidative stress observed in Tunnae and Mashkab could be a result of a synergetic action of both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems, leading to a balanced reduction–oxidation status in rice.

scholarly journals Melatonin Regulatory Mechanisms and Phylogenetic Analyses of Melatonin Biosynthesis Related Genes Extracted from Peanut under Salinity Stress

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelaleim I. ElSayed ◽  
Moncef Boulila ◽  
Mohammed S. Rafudeen ◽  
Azza H. Mohamed ◽  
Sonali Sengupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Tryptophan Decarboxylase ◽  
Melatonin Treatment ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
Stress Damage

Melatonin improves the tolerance of plants to various environmental stresses by protecting plant cells against oxidative stress damage. The objective of the current study was to determine whether exogenous melatonin (MT) treatments could help protecting peanut (Arachis hypogaea) seedlings against salinity stress. This was achieved by investigating enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems and the expression of melatonin biosynthesis related genes in response to salinity stress with or without exogenous MT. The results showed a significant increase in the concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in peanut seedlings under salinity stress. The exogenous application of melatonin decreased the levels of ROS through the activation of antioxidant enzymes in peanut seedlings under salinity stress. Transcription levels of melatonin biosynthesis related genes such as N-acetylserotonin methyltransferase (ASMT1, ASMT2, ASMT3), tryptophan decarboxylase (TDC), and tryptamine 5-hydroxylase (T5H) were up-regulated with a 150 µM melatonin treatment under salinity stress. The results indicated that melatonin regulated the redox homeostasis by its ability to induce either enzymatic or non-enzymatic antioxidant systems. In addition, phylogenetic analysis of melatonin biosynthesis genes (ASMT1, ASMT2, ASMT3, TDC, T5H) were performed on a total of 56 sequences belonging to various plant species including five new sequences extracted from Arachis hypogaea (A. hypogaea). This was based on pairwise comparison among aligned nucleotides and predicted amino acids as well as on substitution rates, and phylogenetic inference. The analyzed sequences were heterogeneous and the A. hypogaea accessions were primarily closest to those of Manihot esculenta, but this needs further clarification.

scholarly journals Copper-induced changes in nutrient uptake, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems in horehound (Marrubium vulgare L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bédis Amri ◽  
Sofiene Ben Kaab ◽  
Houda Gouia ◽  
Emanuela Martino ◽  
Simona Collina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Copper Stress ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
Marrubium Vulgare

<p><strong>Background:</strong> The effect of different concentrations (80, 200 and 300 mg/L) of copper (Cu<sup>2+</sup>) on physiological parameters of horehound (<em>Marrubium vulgare</em> L.) was studied. Once Horehound was cultivated in pots, element uptake and antioxidant system efficiency have been evaluated.</p><p><strong>Questions:</strong> What is the effect of copper on the physiological parameters of <em>Marrubium vulgare</em>? What are the defense strategies developed by this plant to overcome cupric stress?</p><p>Species study: horehound (<em>M. vulgare</em>) medicinal plant from the family of Lamiaceae.</p><p>Study site and dates: Seeds of <em>M. vulgare</em> were issued from a non contaminated wild population in the region of Béja (Northwestern Tunisia). Culture of <em>M. vulgare</em> was conducted in 1 August 2014 and lasted 4 months.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> The Cu, Fe, K, Mg and Ca contents have been determined. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents have been determined. The free radical scavenging activity (DPPH test) together with SOD, CAT and APX antioxidant enzymatic activity have been evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> In the aerial part extracts, Copper stress reduced the uptake and translocation of the cationic elements Fe<sup>2+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup> and Ca<sup>2+</sup>, in a Cu<sup>2+ </sup>concentration-dependent manner. The treatment with copper gives rise to positive effects on antioxidant enzymes activities (SOD and CAT enzymes) and to an increase of total phenol and flavonoid contents. Unexpectedly, no correlation with the anti-radical scavenging activity was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <em>M. vulgare </em>possess an intrinsic capability to cope with the Cu stress by activation of the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of high levels of CO 2 on the electrochemical behavior and the enzymatic and non‐enzymatic antioxidant systems in black and white table grapes stored at 0 °C

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (15) ◽  
pp. 6859-6867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Romero ◽  
Irene Domínguez ◽  
Antonio Doménech‐Carbó ◽  
Rafael Gavara ◽  
Maria Isabel Escribano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Behavior ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Table Grapes
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