scholarly journals Redox Signaling Through Compartmentalization of Reactive Oxygen Species: Implications for Health and Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 591-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew P. Wojtovich ◽  
Brandon J. Berry ◽  
Alexander Galkin
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Redox Signaling ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Health And Disease

scholarly journals Reactive Oxygen Species: Beyond Their Reactive Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-87
Author(s):  
Arnaud Tauffenberger ◽  
Pierre J. Magistretti
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Second Messengers ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Complex Function ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Cellular Dysfunction ◽  
The Brain

AbstractCellular homeostasis plays a critical role in how an organism will develop and age. Disruption of this fragile equilibrium is often associated with health degradation and ultimately, death. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been closely associated with health decline and neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease or Parkinson’s disease. ROS were first identified as by-products of the cellular activity, mainly mitochondrial respiration, and their high reactivity is linked to a disruption of macromolecules such as proteins, lipids and DNA. More recent research suggests more complex function of ROS, reaching far beyond the cellular dysfunction. ROS are active actors in most of the signaling cascades involved in cell development, proliferation and survival, constituting important second messengers. In the brain, their impact on neurons and astrocytes has been associated with synaptic plasticity and neuron survival. This review provides an overview of ROS function in cell signaling in the context of aging and degeneration in the brain and guarding the fragile balance between health and disease.

Effects of acetaminophen on reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide redox signaling in kidney of arsenic-exposed rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 974-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chhaya Rani Majhi ◽  
Saleem Khan ◽  
Marie Dennis Marcus Leo ◽  
Ayyasamy Manimaran ◽  
Palanisamy Sankar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Redox Signaling ◽  
Oxygen Species

scholarly journals The role of reactive oxygen species in myocardial redox signaling and regulation

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (16) ◽  
pp. 324-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demetrios Moris ◽  
Michael Spartalis ◽  
Eleni Tzatzaki ◽  
Eleftherios Spartalis ◽  
Georgia-Sofia Karachaliou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Redox Signaling ◽  
Oxygen Species

scholarly journals Reactive Oxygen Species and Redox Signaling in Chronic Kidney Disease

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria V. Irazabal ◽  
Vicente E. Torres
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Redox Signaling ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Oxygen Species

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains a worldwide public health problem associated with serious complications and increased mortality rates. Accumulating evidence indicates that elevated intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a major role in the pathogenesis of CKD. Increased intracellular levels of ROS can lead to oxidation of lipids, DNA, and proteins, contributing to cellular damage. On the other hand, ROS are also important secondary messengers in cellular signaling. Consequently, normal kidney cell function relies on the “right” amount of ROS. Mitochondria and NADPH oxidases represent major sources of ROS in the kidney, but renal antioxidant systems, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, or glutathione peroxidase counterbalance ROS-mediated injury. This review discusses the main sources of ROS and antioxidant systems in the kidney, and redox signaling pathways leading to inflammation and fibrosis, which result in abnormal kidney function and CKD progression. We further discuss the important role of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in regulating antioxidant responses, and other mechanisms of redox signaling.

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