scholarly journals Redox Signaling and the Innate Immune System in Alcoholic Liver Disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica I. Cohen ◽  
Xiaocong Chen ◽  
Laura E. Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Innate Immune System ◽  
Redox Signaling ◽  
Innate Immune

Role of Toll-like receptors in liver health and disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 121 (10) ◽  
pp. 415-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Broering ◽  
Mengji Lu ◽  
Joerg F. Schlaak
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Innate Immune System ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Toll Like Receptors ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Liver Health ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Molecular Patterns

TLRs (Toll-like receptors), as evolutionarily conserved germline-encoded pattern recognition receptors, have a crucial role in early host defence by recognizing so-called PAMPs (pathogen-associated molecular patterns) and may serve as an important link between innate and adaptive immunity. In the liver, TLRs play an important role in the wound healing and regeneration processes, but they are also involved in the pathogenesis and progression of various inflammatory liver diseases, including autoimmune liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrogenesis, and chronic HBV (hepatitis B virus) and HCV (hepatitis C virus) infection. Hepatitis viruses have developed different evading strategies to subvert the innate immune system. Thus recent studies have suggested that TLR-based therapies may represent a promising approach in the treatment in viral hepatitis. The present review focuses on the role of the local innate immune system, and TLRs in particular, in the liver.

Recent Advances in Alcoholic Liver Disease III. Role of the innate immune response in alcoholic hepatitis

2004 ◽  
Vol 287 (2) ◽  
pp. G310-G314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian N. Hines ◽  
Michael D. Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Scientific Investigation ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Acute Liver Damage

Ethanol consumption is known to cause significant acute liver damage resulting in hepatic fibrosis and eventual cirrhosis when consumed chronically. The mechanism(s) by which ethanol exerts its damaging effects on the liver are not well understood; however, recent scientific investigation has begun to delineate the earliest events in alcoholic liver disease. From these studies, it is apparent that components of the innate immune system and, in particular, Kupffer cells, play a significant role in this process. It is also becoming clear that other parts of the immune system including T cells may also be responsible for mediating the devastating effects of chronic alcohol consumption on the liver. This review will highlight recent experiments demonstrating a role for the innate immune response in the initiation and progression of alcohol-induced liver hepatitis and subsequent organ damage.

scholarly journals Complement Component C3: A Novel Biomarker Participating in the Pathogenesis of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juqiang Han ◽  
Xiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Complement System ◽  
Innate Immune System ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Complement Component ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common cause of chronic liver disorder worldwide. The pathological spectrum of NAFLD ranges from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) that induces progressive liver cirrhosis and eventually hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the molecular mechanisms driving the transformation of NASH are obscure. There is a compelling need for understanding the pathogenic mechanisms of NASH, and thereby providing new insight into mechanism-based therapy. Currently, several studies reported that complement system, an innate immune system, played an important role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, which was also proved by our recent study. Complement component 3 (C3), a protein of the innate immune system, plays a hub role in the complement system. Herein, we present a review on the role and molecular mechanism of C3 in NASH as well as its implication in NASH diagnosis and treatment.

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