scholarly journals Impact of Depression and Anxiety on Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy Among Men Who Have Sex with Men with Newly Diagnosed HIV Infections in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Tao ◽  
Sten H. Vermund ◽  
Hongyan Lu ◽  
Yuhua Ruan ◽  
Bryan E. Shepherd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Sex With Men

Increasing HIV diagnoses in Australia among men who have sex with men correlated with the growing number not taking antiretroviral therapy

Sexual Health ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 304 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Murray ◽  
Garrett Prestage ◽  
Jeffrey Grierson ◽  
Melanie Middleton ◽  
Ann McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Age Profile ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Living With Hiv

Background Australia has experienced rising notifications of HIV diagnoses despite widely available combination antiretroviral therapy (CART). New HIV diagnoses have also been younger than the average age of those living with HIV. We investigated the degree to which several risk factors could explain this rise in notifications and the younger age profile. Methods: Numbers and ages of men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV in Australia from 1983 to 2007 were calculated from notifications of HIV diagnoses and deaths. We compared the trend over time as well as the average ages of MSM newly diagnosed with HIV infection from 1998 to 2007 with those for: notifications of gonorrhoea and syphilis, total MSM living with HIV infection, and the component not on CART. Results: The percentage of younger MSM not taking CART has increased since 1998 (aged <30 years P < 0.001; 30–39 years P = 0.004). The trend of new HIV diagnoses was most significantly correlated with the total number of MSM living with HIV infection and the sector not taking CART (P < 0.0001). Based on similarity of average ages, MSM living with HIV infection and not taking CART was the best predictor of the increasing trend in new HIV diagnoses (99.9999% probability, Akaike information criterion). Conclusions: Our analyses suggest MSM living with HIV infection and not taking CART could be the source of the increase in HIV infections. Consequently, greater CART enrolment should decrease HIV incidence, especially in younger MSM.

scholarly journals Antiretroviral therapy for prevention of HIV transmission: implications for Europe

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (48) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Cambiano ◽  
J O’Connor ◽  
A N Phillips ◽  
A Rodger ◽  
R Lodwick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
People Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Art Initiation ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Randomised Controlled

The aim of this review is to summarise the evidence on the population-level effect of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in preventing HIV infections, and to discuss potential implications in the European context of recommending starting ART when the CD4 count is above 350 cells/mm3. The ability of ART to reduce the risk of HIV transmission has been reported in observational studies and in a randomised controlled trial (HPTN 052), in which ART initiation reduced HIV transmission by 96% within serodiscordant couples. As yet, there is no direct evidence for such an effect among men having sex with men or people who inject drugs. HPTN 052 led international organisations to develop recommendations with a higher CD4 threshold for ART initiation. However, there remains a lack of strong evidence of clinical benefit for HIV-positive individuals starting ART with CD4 count above 350 cells/mm3. The main goal of ART provision should be to increase ART coverage for all those in need, based on the current guidelines, and the offer of ART to those who wish to reduce infectivity; increased HIV testing is therefore a key requirement. Other proven prevention means such as condom use and harm reduction for people who inject drugs remain critical.

Predicting the population impact of increased HIV testing and treatment in Australia

Sexual Health ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 146 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Jansson ◽  
Cliff C. Kerr ◽  
David P. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Transmission Risk ◽  
Risk Compensation ◽  
Treatment As Prevention ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Impact

Introduction The treatment as prevention strategy has gained popularity as a way to reduce the incidence of HIV by suppressing viral load such that transmission risk is decreased. The effectiveness of the strategy also requires early diagnosis. Methods: Informed by data on the influence of diagnosis and treatment on reducing transmission risk, a model simulated the impact of increasing testing and treatment rates on the expected incidence of HIV in Australia under varying assumptions of treatment efficacy and risk compensation. The model utilises Australia’s National HIV Registry data, and simulates disease progression, testing, treatment, transmission and mortality. Results: Decreasing the average time between infection and diagnosis by 30% is expected to reduce population incidence by 12% (~126 cases per year, 95% confidence interval (CI): 82–198). Treatment of all people living with HIV with CD4 counts <500 cells μL–1 is expected to reduce new infections by 30.9% (95% CI: 15.9–37.6%) at 96% efficacy if no risk compensation occurs. The number of infections could increase up to 12.9% (95% CI: 20.1–7.4%) at 26% efficacy if a return to prediagnosis risk levels occur. Conclusion: Treatment as prevention has the potential to prevent HIV infections but its effectiveness depends on the efficacy outside trial settings among men who have sex with men and the level of risk compensation. If antiretroviral therapy has high efficacy, risk compensation will not greatly change the number of infections. If the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy is low, risk compensation could lead to increased infections.

Identifying recently acquired HIV infections among newly diagnosed men who have sex with men attending STI clinics in The Netherlands

2014 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 414-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jussi Sane ◽  
Titia Heijman ◽  
Boris Hogema ◽  
Maarten Koot ◽  
Maaike van Veen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Sex With Men

scholarly journals Alteration in Oral Microbiome Among Men Who Have Sex With Men With Acute and Chronic HIV Infection on Antiretroviral Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Li ◽  
Junping Zhu ◽  
Bin Su ◽  
Huanhuan Wei ◽  
Fei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Acute Hiv Infection ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Acute Hiv ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Chronic Hiv Infection

Despite the antiretroviral therapy (ART), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related oral disease remains a common problem for people living with HIV (PLWH). Evidence suggests that impairment of immune function in HIV infection might lead to the conversion of commensal bacteria to microorganisms with increased pathogenicity. However, limited information is available about alteration in oral microbiome in PLWH on ART. We performed a longitudinal comparative study on men who have sex with men (MSM) with acute HIV infection (n=15), MSM with chronic HIV infection (n=15), and HIV-uninfected MSM controls (n=15). Throat swabs were collected when these subjects were recruited (W0) and 12 weeks after ART treatment (W12) from the patients. Genomic DNAs were extracted and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed. Microbiome diversity was significantly decreased in patients with acute and chronic HIV infections compared with those in controls at the sampling time of W0 and the significant difference remained at W12. An increased abundance of unidentified Prevotellaceae was found in patients with acute and chronic HIV infections. Moreover, increased abundances of Prevotella in subjects with acute HIV infection and Streptococcus in subjects with chronic HIV infection were observed. In contrast, greater abundance in Lactobacillus, Rothia, Lautropia, and Bacteroides was found in controls. After effective ART, Bradyrhizobium was enriched in both acute and chronic HIV infections, whereas in controls, Lactobacillus, Rothia, Clostridia, Actinobacteria, and Ruminococcaceae were enriched. In addition, we found that lower CD4+ T-cell counts (&lt;200 cells/mm3) were associated with lower relative abundances of Haemophilus, Actinomyces, unidentified Ruminococcaceae, and Rothia. This study has shown alteration in oral microbiome resulting from HIV infection and ART. The results obtained warrant further studies in a large number of subjects with different ethnics. It might contribute to improved oral health in HIV-infected individuals.

scholarly journals P3.129 Identifying Recently Acquired HIV Infections Among Newly Diagnosed Men Who Have Sex with Men in the Netherlands

2013 ◽  
Vol 89 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A188.1-A188
Author(s):  
J Sane ◽  
M Koot ◽  
T Heijman ◽  
B Hogema ◽  
M van Veen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Sex With Men

scholarly journals HIV/STI co-infection among men who have sex with men in Spain

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (48) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Diaz ◽  
M L Junquera ◽  
V Esteban ◽  
B Martínez ◽  
I Pueyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Time Factors ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Anal Intercourse ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sex With Men

In Spain, neither the HIV nor the STI national surveillance systems collect information on HIV/STI co-infection. However, there are two networks based on HIV/STI clinics which gather this data. We describe HIV prevalence in men who have sex with men (MSM) diagnosed with infectious syphilis and/or gonorrhoea in 15 STI clinics; and concurrent diagnoses of STI in MSM newly diagnosed with HIV in 19 HIV/STI clinics. In total, 572 MSM were diagnosed with infectious syphilis and 580 with gonorrhoea during 2005-2007. HIV prevalence among syphilis and gonorrhoea cases was 29.8% and 15.2% respectively. In the multivariate analysis, HIV/syphilis co-infection was associated with being Latin American; having a history of STI; reporting exclusively anal intercourse; and having sex with casual or several types of partners. HIV and gonorrhoea co-infection was associated with age older than 45 years; having no education or only primary education completed; and having a history of STI. In total, 1,462 HIV infections were newly diagnosed among MSM during 2003-2007. Of these, 31.0% were diagnosed with other STI at the same time. Factors associated with STI co-infection among new HIV cases in MSM were being Latin American; and having sex with casual partners or with both steady and casual partners. In Spain, a considerable proportion of MSM are co-infected with HIV and STI.

scholarly journals Recent HIV Infection among men who have sex with men and transgender women in Tijuana

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Britt Skaathun ◽  
Heather A. Pines ◽  
Thomas L Patterson ◽  
Shirley J Semple ◽  
Jonathan Pekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Transgender Women ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Recent Infection ◽  
Transgender Persons ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Recent Hiv Infection

OBJECTIVE: To characterize recent HIV infections among newly diagnosed men who have sex with men and transgender women in Tijuana. METHODS: Limiting Antigen (LAg)-Avidity testing was performed to detect recent HIV infection within a cohort of newly-diagnosed men who have sex with men and transgender women in Tijuana. Logistic regression was used to determine characteristics associated with recent infection. A partial transmission network was inferred using HIV-1 pol sequences. Tamura-Nei 93 genetic distances were measured between all pairs of sequences, and the network was constructed by inferring putative transmission links (genetic distances ≤ 1.5%). We assessed whether recent infection was associated with clustering within the inferred network. RESULTS: Recent infection was detected in 11% (22/194) of newly-diagnosed participants. Out of the participants with sequence data, 60% (9/15) with recent infection clustered compared with 31% (43/139) with chronic infection. Two recent infections belonged to the same cluster. In adjusted analyses, recent infection was associated with years of residence in Tijuana (OR = 1.5; 95%CI 1.01–1.09), cocaine use (past month) (OR = 8.50; 95%CI 1.99–28.17), and ever experiencing sexual abuse (OR = 2.85; 95%CI 1.03–7.85). DISCUSSION: A total of 11% of men newly diagnosed with HIV who have sex with men and transgender women in Tijuana were recently infected. The general lack of clustering between participants with recent infection suggests continued onward HIV transmission rather than an outbreak within a particular cluster. DESCRIPTORS: HIV Infections, epidemiology. Sexual and Gender Minorities. Transgender Persons. Disease Transmission, Infectious.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document