Common Mental Disorders among HIV-Infected Individuals in South Africa: Prevalence, Predictors, and Validation of Brief Psychiatric Rating Scales

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Landon Myer ◽  
Joalida Smit ◽  
Liezel Le Roux ◽  
Siraaj Parker ◽  
Dan J. Stein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scales ◽  
Psychiatric Rating

scholarly journals Food insecurity and common mental disorders in perinatal women living in low socio-economic settings in Cape Town, South Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulfa Abrahams ◽  
Crick Lund
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Baseline Risk ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Perinatal Women

Abstract Background Common mental disorders (CMDs) such as depression and anxiety are highly prevalent during the perinatal period, and are associated with poverty, food insecurity and domestic violence. We used data collected from perinatal women at two time-points during the COVID-19 pandemic to test the hypotheses that (1) socio-economic adversities at baseline would be associated with higher CMD prevalence at follow-up and (2) worse mental health at baseline would be associated with higher food insecurity prevalence at follow-up. Methods Telephonic interviews were conducted with perinatal women attending healthcare facilities in Cape Town, South Africa. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to model the associations of baseline risk factors with the prevalence of household food insecurity and CMD at 3 months follow-up. Results At baseline 859 women were recruited, of whom 217 (25%) were pregnant, 106 (12%) had probable CMD, and 375 (44%) were severely food insecure. At follow-up (n=634), 22 (4%) were still pregnant, 44 (7%) had probable CMD, and 207 (33%) were severely food insecure. In the multivariable regression model, after controlling for confounders, the odds of being food insecure at follow-up were greater in women who were unemployed [OR=2.05 (1.46-2.87); p<0.001] or had probable CMD [OR=2.37 (1.35-4.18); p=0.003] at baseline; and the odds of probable CMD at follow-up were greater in women with psychological distress [OR=2.81 (1.47-5.39); p=0.002] and abuse [OR=2.47 (1.47-4.39); p=0.007] at baseline. Conclusions This study highlights the complex bidirectional relationship between mental health and socioeconomic adversity among perinatal women during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Use of Animals in the Rehabilitation of Psychiatric Inpatients

1986 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan M. Beck ◽  
Louisa Seraydarian ◽  
G. Frederick Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatients ◽  
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scales ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Psychiatric Rating ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Activity Groups ◽  
The Impact

This study compared the impact of therapy and activity groups on two matched groups of 8 and 9 psychiatric inpatients. Daily sessions of the groups were held for 11 wk. in identical rooms except for the presence of caged finches in one of the rooms. The patients were evaluated before and after the sessions using standard psychiatric rating scales. The group who met in the room that contained animals (a cage with four finches) had significantly better attendance and participation and significantly improved in areas assessed by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Other positive trends indicated that the study should be replicated with larger samples and modified to increase interactions with the animals.

Psychometric structure of psychiatric rating scales.

1987 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda M. Montgomery ◽  
William R. Shadish ◽  
Robert G. Orwin ◽  
Richard R. Bootzin
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scales ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scales ◽  
Psychiatric Rating
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