A Measurement Model of Medication Adherence to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy and Its Relation to Viral Load in HIV-Positive Adults

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 701-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria M. Llabre ◽  
Kathryn E. Weaver ◽  
Ron E. Durán ◽  
Michael H. Antoni ◽  
Shvawn McPherson-Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Hiv Positive Adults

scholarly journals Viral Suppression and Its Associated Factors in HIV Patients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART): A Retrospective Study in the Ho Municipality, Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvester Yao Lokpo ◽  
Patrick Jnr Ofori-Attah ◽  
Louis Selassie Ameke ◽  
Christian Obirikorang ◽  
Verner Ndudiri Orish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Viral Suppression ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
Clinic Attendance ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Highly Active

Background. The WHO targets to end HIV/AIDS as a public health problem by 2030. The introduction of the ambitious “90-90-90” strategy to attain this target is expected to be achieved by the year 2020. However, there is lack of regional data, especially on the third “90.” This study sought to assess the rate and associated factors of viral suppression among people living with HIV (PLWH) on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) at the Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Clinic in a Ghanaian health facility. Method. The study design was a retrospective analysis of secondary data of 284 HIV registrants on HAART for at least 6 months at the ART Clinic from July 2016 to April 2019. Data on sociodemography including age, gender, marital status, education, and occupation as well as pharmacological (type of medication and duration on medication) and laboratory variable (current viral load results) were extracted from patients’ folders. Viral suppression and failure were determined using the WHO definitions (viral suppression as viral load <1000 copies/ml and virologic failure ≥1000 copies/ml). Regular clinic attendance (used as a proxy measure for medication adherence) was defined as consistent monthly clinic attendance for HAART medication and other clinical management within the past 12 months. Results. Out of the 284 HIV patients, 195 (69%) achieved viral suppression. Of the 195 who were virally suppressed, 77 (39.5%) had undetectable levels, with a similar proportion (39.5%) achieving viral load results ranging from 20 to 200 copies/ml. Moreover, 27 (13.8%) patients had viral load ranging from 201 to 500 copies/ml while 14 (7.2%) recorded viral load from 501 to 1000 copies/ml. No clear pattern in the viral suppression rate was associated with the age groups (p=0.1152). However, regular clinic attendance (used as proxy for medication adherence) (p<0.0001) and being on HAART for more than three (3) years (p=0.03) were associated with viral suppression. Conclusion. The rate of viral suppression among PLWH on HAART in the Ho municipality fell short of the WHO target. However, the study identified regular ART clinic attendance and treatment >3 years as factors associated with viral suppression.

scholarly journals Hematological parameters abnormalities and associated factors in HIV-positive adults before and after highly active antiretroviral treatment in Goba Referral Hospital, southeast Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110201
Author(s):  
Negesso Duguma ◽  
Girum Tesfaye Kiya ◽  
Wondimagegn Adissu Maleko ◽  
Lealem Gedefaw Bimerew
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Hiv Positive Adults ◽  
Hematological Abnormalities ◽  
Hiv 1

Objectives: Hematological abnormalities of the major blood cell lines are frequently reported in patients with HIV-1 infection, in patients without antiretroviral therapy, and during the advanced stages of the disease. Chronic immune activation and inflammation results in the progressive depletion of CD4+ T-cells play a significant role in the clinical progression and pathogenesis of this infection. This study was aimed at assessing the prevalence of hematological abnormalities and their associated factors before and after the initiation of antiretroviral therapy in adults with HIV-1 infection in a referral hospital. Methods: The study was conducted from 1 April to 30 June 2018, at Goba Referral Hospital. A total of 308 HIV-positive adults on treatment were enrolled during the study period. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected using a structured questionnaire, with pre-highly active antiretroviral therapy data were extracted from medical records while post-treatment immuno-hematological measurements were done on blood samples collected at the time of enrollment. Results: The prevalence of anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia before initiation of antiretroviral treatment was higher, although anemia and thrombocytopenia decreased correspondingly after initiation of treatment leukopenia increased by 4%. Mean values of immuno-hematological parameters before and after treatment initiation were significant ( p < 0.05). CD4+ T-cell count <200 cells/µL was the only independent risk factor for anemia and leukopenia before highly active antiretroviral therapy, while stage IV disease, female sex, zidovudine, lamivudine, and nevirapine treatment, and intestinal parasite infection were predictors of anemia after treatment initiation. Conclusion: The study revealed that hematological abnormalities are common in HIV infection, while the occurrence of abnormalities after highly active antiretroviral therapy initiation. Different risk factors are associated with hematological abnormalities at pre- and post-highly active antiretroviral therapy with regular monitoring of risk factors, adherence to the early initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy, and conduct of further longitudinal studies are recommended.

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