scholarly journals A Systematic Approach to HIV-1 Vaccine Immunogen Selection

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 762-770
Author(s):  
Alexander Bontempo ◽  
Maria M. Garcia ◽  
Naylene Rivera ◽  
Mark J. Cayabyab
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Vaccine Immunogen ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Breadth or conservation score (CS): which is more important for HIV-1 T cell based vaccine immunogen design?

Retrovirology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (S2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Kunwar ◽  
NR Hawkins ◽  
X Yu ◽  
Y Liu ◽  
A Collier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Conservation Score ◽  
Vaccine Immunogen ◽  
Immunogen Design ◽  
Hiv 1

HIV-1 CTL-Based Vaccine Immunogen Selection: Antigen Diversity and Cellular Response Features

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fusheng Li ◽  
Helen Horton ◽  
Peter Gilbert ◽  
Juliana McElrath ◽  
Lawrence Corey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Response ◽  
Vaccine Immunogen ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Efficiently cleaved HIV-1 envelopes: can they be important for vaccine immunogen development?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 251513552095776
Author(s):  
Supratik Das ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Shubbir Ahmed ◽  
Hilal Ahmad Parray ◽  
Sweety Samal
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Vaccine Immunogen ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Tremendous Progress ◽  
Antigenic Properties ◽  
Immunogen Design ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Made In

The enormous diversity of HIV-1 is a significant impediment in selecting envelopes (Envs) that can be suitable for designing vaccine immunogens. While tremendous progress has been made in developing soluble, trimeric, native-like Env proteins, those that have elicited neutralizing antibodies (Abs) in animal models are relatively few. A strategy of selecting naturally occurring Envs suitable for immunogen design by studying the correlation between efficient cleavage on the cell surface and their selective binding to broadly neutralizing Abs (bNAbs) and not to non-neutralizing Abs (non-NAbs), properties essential in immunogens, may be useful. Here we discuss some of the challenges of developing an efficacious HIV-1 vaccine and the work done in generating soluble immunogens. We also discuss the study of naturally occurring, membrane-bound, efficiently cleaved (naturally more sensitive to furin) Envs and how they may positively add to the repertoire of HIV-1 Envs that can be used for vaccine immunogen design. However, even with such Envs, the challenges of developing well-folded, native-like trimers as soluble proteins or using other immunogen strategies such as virus-like particles with desirable antigenic properties remain, and are formidable. In spite of the progress that has been made in the HIV-1 vaccine field, an immunogen that elicits neutralizing Abs with significant breadth and potency in vaccines has still not been developed. Efficiently cleaved Envs may increase the number of available Envs suitable for immunogen design and should be studied further.

scholarly journals Stabilization of Outer Domain of gp120 from HIV-1 Subtype C for Vaccine Immunogen Design

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 6-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Thompson ◽  
Pankaj Kumar ◽  
Jizu Yi ◽  
Dane Bowder ◽  
Charles Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subtype C ◽  
Vaccine Immunogen ◽  
Outer Domain ◽  
Immunogen Design ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals The human naive B cell repertoire contains distinct subclasses for a germline-targeting HIV-1 vaccine immunogen

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (448) ◽  
pp. eaat0381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Havenar-Daughton ◽  
Anita Sarkar ◽  
Daniel W. Kulp ◽  
Laura Toy ◽  
Xiaozhen Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Vaccine Immunogen ◽  
Cell Repertoire ◽  
B Cell Repertoire ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals HIV-1 vaccine immunogen design strategies

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaclyn K Mann ◽  
Thumbi Ndung’u
Keyword(s):  
Design Strategies ◽  
Vaccine Immunogen ◽  
Immunogen Design ◽  
Hiv 1

Ultrastructural observations of human monocytes infected with HIV-1

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 108-109
Author(s):  
James K. Koehler ◽  
Steven G. Reed ◽  
Joao S. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Virus Production ◽  
Human Monocyte ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Human Monocytes ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Hiv Replication ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Hiv 1

As part of a larger study involving the co-infection of human monocyte cultures with HIV and protozoan parasites, electron microscopic observations were made on the course of HIV replication and infection in these cells. Although several ultrastructural studies of the cytopathology associated with HIV infection have appeared, few studies have shown the details of virus production in “normal,” human monocytes/macrophages, one of the natural targets of the virus, and suspected of being a locus of quiescent virus during its long latent period. In this report, we detail some of the interactions of developing virons with the membranes and organelles of the monocyte host.Peripheral blood monocytes were prepared from buffy coats (Portland Red Cross) by Percoll gradient centrifugation, followed by adherence to cover slips. 90-95% pure monocytes were cultured in RPMI with 5% non-activated human AB serum for four days and infected with 100 TCID50/ml of HIV-1 for four hours, washed and incubated in fresh medium for 14 days.

Reading Longer Words: Insights Into Multisyllabic Word Reading

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay Heggie ◽  
Lesly Wade-Woolley
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Explicit Instruction ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Reading Difficulties ◽  
Instructional Programs ◽  
Morphological Knowledge ◽  
Morphological Complexity ◽  
Reading Accuracy ◽  
Grade 3

Students with persistent reading difficulties are often especially challenged by multisyllabic words; they tend to have neither a systematic approach for reading these words nor the confidence to persevere (Archer, Gleason, & Vachon, 2003; Carlisle & Katz, 2006; Moats, 1998). This challenge is magnified by the fact that the vast majority of English words are multisyllabic and constitute an increasingly large proportion of the words in elementary school texts beginning as early as grade 3 (Hiebert, Martin, & Menon, 2005; Kerns et al., 2016). Multisyllabic words are more difficult to read simply because they are long, posing challenges for working memory capacity. In addition, syllable boundaries, word stress, vowel pronunciation ambiguities, less predictable grapheme-phoneme correspondences, and morphological complexity all contribute to long words' difficulty. Research suggests that explicit instruction in both syllabification and morphological knowledge improve poor readers' multisyllabic word reading accuracy; several examples of instructional programs involving one or both of these elements are provided.

Astrocytic adhesion molecules are increased in HIV-1-associated cognitive/motor complex

1997 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Seilhean ◽  
A. Dzia-Lepfoundzou ◽  
V. Sazdovitch ◽  
B. Cannella ◽  
C. S. Raine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Motor Complex ◽  
Hiv 1
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