scholarly journals Short Communication: Virion Aggregation by Neutralizing and Nonneutralizing Antibodies to the HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 1160-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina R. Alexander ◽  
Rogier W. Sanders ◽  
John P. Moore ◽  
Per Johan Klasse
Keyword(s):  
Envelope Glycoprotein ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals The convertases furin and PC1 can both cleave the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 envelope glycoprotein gp160 into gp120 (HIV-1 SU) and gp41 (HIV-I TM).

1994 ◽  
Vol 269 (16) ◽  
pp. 12240-12247 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Decroly ◽  
M. Vandenbranden ◽  
J.M. Ruysschaert ◽  
J. Cogniaux ◽  
G.S. Jacob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Envelope Glycoprotein ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Cross-Reactive Antibodies With the Capacity to Mediate HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein–Targeted Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity Identified in HIV-2–Infected Individuals

2019 ◽  
Vol 219 (11) ◽  
pp. 1749-1754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Karlsson ◽  
Jeanette Linnea Tingstedt ◽  
Gülşen Özkaya Şahin ◽  
Mikkel Hansen ◽  
Zsofia Szojka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Envelope Glycoprotein ◽  
Cellular Cytotoxicity ◽  
Antibody Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Targeting HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein Trimers to B Cells by Using APRIL Improves Antibody Responses

2011 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 2488-2500 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Melchers ◽  
I. Bontjer ◽  
T. Tong ◽  
N. P. Y. Chung ◽  
P. J. Klasse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Envelope Glycoprotein ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Antagonism to and Intracellular Sequestration of Human Tetherin by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 Envelope Glycoprotein

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (22) ◽  
pp. 11966-11978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Le Tortorec ◽  
Stuart J. D. Neil
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Envelope Glycoprotein ◽  
Virus Assembly ◽  
Accessory Gene ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cell Lines ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Tetherin Antagonism

ABSTRACT Tetherin (CD317/BST-2), an interferon-induced membrane protein, restricts the release of nascent retroviral particles from infected cell surfaces. While human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) encodes the accessory gene vpu to overcome the action of tetherin, the lineage of primate lentiviruses that gave rise to HIV-2 does not. It has been previously reported that the HIV-2 envelope glycoprotein has a Vpu-like function in promoting virus release. Here we demonstrate that the HIV-2 Rod envelope glycoprotein (HIV-2 Rod Env) is a tetherin antagonist. Expression of HIV-2 Rod Env, but not that of HIV-1 or the closely related simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) SIVmac1A11, counteracts tetherin-mediated restriction of Vpu-defective HIV-1 in a cell-type-specific manner. This correlates with the ability of the HIV-2 Rod Env to mediate cell surface downregulation of tetherin. Antagonism requires an endocytic motif conserved across HIV/SIV lineages in the gp41 cytoplasmic tail, but specificity for tetherin is governed by extracellular determinants in the mature Env protein. Coimmunoprecipitation studies suggest an interaction between HIV-2 Rod Env and tetherin, but unlike studies with Vpu, we found no evidence of tetherin degradation. In the presence of HIV-2 Rod Env, tetherin localization is restricted to the trans-Golgi network, suggesting Env-mediated effects on tetherin trafficking sequester it from virus assembly sites on the plasma membrane. Finally, we recapitulated these observations in HIV-2-infected CD4+ T-cell lines, demonstrating that tetherin antagonism and sequestration occur at physiological levels of Env expression during virus replication.

scholarly journals Expression-System-Dependent Modulation of HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein Antigenicity and Immunogenicity

2010 ◽  
Vol 403 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leopold Kong ◽  
Neil C. Sheppard ◽  
Guillaume B.E. Stewart-Jones ◽  
Cynthia L. Robson ◽  
Hongying Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Envelope Glycoprotein ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Peptides presenting the binding site of human CD4 for the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1858-1866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Meier ◽  
Kristin Kassler ◽  
Heinrich Sticht ◽  
Jutta Eichler
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Binding Site ◽  
Envelope Glycoprotein ◽  
Conformational Stability ◽  
Cellular Receptor ◽  
Binding Assays ◽  
Glycoprotein Gp120 ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Key Residues ◽  
Hiv 1

Based on the structure of the HIV-1 glycoprotein gp120 in complex with its cellular receptor CD4, we have designed and synthesized peptides that mimic the binding site of CD4 for gp120. The ability of these peptides to bind to gp120 can be strongly enhanced by increasing their conformational stability through cyclization, as evidenced by binding assays, as well as through molecular-dynamics simulations of peptide–gp120 complexes. The specificity of the peptide–gp120 interaction was demonstrated by using peptide variants, in which key residues for the interaction with gp120 were replaced by alanine or D-amino acids.

scholarly journals Single-molecule imaging of HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein dynamics and Gag lattice association exposes determinants responsible for virus incorporation

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (50) ◽  
pp. 25269-25277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nairi Pezeshkian ◽  
Nicholas S. Groves ◽  
Schuyler B. van Engelenburg
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Envelope Glycoprotein ◽  
Virus Assembly ◽  
Single Molecule Tracking ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Cell Plasma ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Resolution Single ◽  
Hiv 1

The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) is sparsely incorporated onto assembling virus particles on the host cell plasma membrane in order for the virus to balance infectivity and evade the immune response. Env becomes trapped in a nascent particle on encounter with the polymeric viral protein Gag, which forms a dense protein lattice on the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane. While Env incorporation efficiency is readily measured biochemically from released particles, very little is known about the spatiotemporal dynamics of Env trapping events. Herein, we demonstrate, via high-resolution single-molecule tracking, that retention of Env trimers within single virus assembly sites requires the Env cytoplasmic tail (CT) and the L12 residue in the matrix (MA) domain of Gag but does not require curvature of the viral lattice. We further demonstrate that Env trimers are confined to subviral regions of a budding Gag lattice, supporting a model where direct interactions and/or steric corralling between the Env-CT and a lattice of MA trimers promote Env trapping and infectious HIV-1 assembly.

scholarly journals Composition and Antigenic Effects of Individual Glycan Sites of a Trimeric HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein

Cell Reports ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2695-2706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Janina Behrens ◽  
Snezana Vasiljevic ◽  
Laura K. Pritchard ◽  
David J. Harvey ◽  
Rajinder S. Andev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Envelope Glycoprotein ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals A Coreceptor-Mimetic Peptide Enhances the Potency of V3-Glycan Antibodies

2018 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina Fetzer ◽  
Meredith E. Davis-Gardner ◽  
Matthew R. Gardner ◽  
Barnett Alfant ◽  
Jesse A. Weber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Envelope Glycoprotein ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Mimetic Peptide ◽  
Heavy Chains ◽  
Binding Domains ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Gp120 Subunit ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACTBroadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) target five major epitopes on the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env). The most potent bNAbs have median half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values in the nanomolar range, and the broadest bNAbs neutralize up to 98% of HIV-1 strains. The engineered HIV-1 entry inhibitor eCD4-Ig has greater breadth than bNAbs and similar potency. eCD4-Ig is markedly more potent than CD4-Ig due to its C-terminal coreceptor-mimetic peptide. Here we investigated whether the coreceptor-mimetic peptide mim6 improved the potency of bNAbs with different epitopes. We observed that when mim6 was appended to the C terminus of the heavy chains of bNAbs, this sulfopeptide improved the potency of all classes of bNAbs against HIV-1 isolates that are sensitive to neutralization by the sulfopeptide alone. However, mim6 did not significantly enhance neutralization of other isolates when appended to most classes of bNAbs, with one exception. Specifically, mim6 improved the potency of bNAbs of the V3-glycan class, including PGT121, PGT122, PGT128, and 10-1074, by an average of 2-fold for all HIV-1 isolates assayed. Despite this difference, 10-1074 does not induce exposure of the coreceptor-binding site, and addition of mim6 to 10-1074 did not promote shedding of the gp120 subunit of Env. Mixtures of 10-1074 and an Fc domain fused to mim6 neutralized less efficiently than a 10-1074/mim6 fusion, indicating that mim6 enhances the avidity of this fusion. Our data show that mim6 can consistently improve the potency of V3-glycan antibodies and suggest that these antibodies bind in an orientation that facilitates mim6 association with Env.IMPORTANCEHIV-1 requires both the cellular receptor CD4 and a tyrosine-sulfated coreceptor to infect its target cells. CD4-Ig is a fusion of the HIV-1-binding domains of CD4 with an antibody Fc domain. Previous studies have demonstrated that the potency of CD4-Ig is markedly increased by appending a coreceptor-mimetic sulfopeptide to its C terminus. We investigated whether this coreceptor-mimetic peptide improves the potency of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) targeting five major epitopes on the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env). We observed that inclusion of the sulfopeptide dramatically improved the potency of all bNAb classes against isolates with more-open Env structures, typically those that utilize the coreceptor CXCR4. In contrast, the sulfopeptide improved only V3-glycan antibodies when neutralizing primary isolates, on average by 2-fold. These studies improve the potency of one class of bNAbs, show that coreceptor-mimetic sulfopeptides enhance neutralization through distinct mechanisms, and provide insight for the design of novel multispecific entry inhibitors.

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