Short Communication: Does Interleukin-28B Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Influence the Natural History of Hepatitis B?

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1262-1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luz Martín-Carbonero ◽  
Norma I. Rallón ◽  
José M. Benito ◽  
Eva Poveda ◽  
Juan González-Lahoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Interleukin 28B ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Different Within-Host Viral Evolution Dynamics in Severely Immunosuppressed Cases with Persistent SARS-CoV-2

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 808
Author(s):  
Laura Pérez-Lago ◽  
Teresa Aldámiz-Echevarría ◽  
Rita García-Martínez ◽  
Leire Pérez-Latorre ◽  
Marta Herranz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Viral Evolution ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
New Variant ◽  
History Of ◽  
Evolution Dynamics ◽  
The Uk

A successful Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant, B.1.1.7, has recently been reported in the UK, causing global alarm. Most likely, the new variant emerged in a persistently infected patient, justifying a special focus on these cases. Our aim in this study was to explore certain clinical profiles involving severe immunosuppression that may help explain the prolonged persistence of viable viruses. We present three severely immunosuppressed cases (A, B, and C) with a history of lymphoma and prolonged SARS-CoV-2 shedding (2, 4, and 6 months), two of whom finally died. Whole-genome sequencing of 9 and 10 specimens from Cases A and B revealed extensive within-patient acquisition of diversity, 12 and 28 new single nucleotide polymorphisms, respectively, which suggests ongoing SARS-CoV-2 replication. This diversity was not observed for Case C after analysing 5 sequential nasopharyngeal specimens and one plasma specimen, and was only observed in one bronchoaspirate specimen, although viral viability was still considered based on constant low Ct values throughout the disease and recovery of the virus in cell cultures. The acquired viral diversity in Cases A and B followed different dynamics. For Case A, new single nucleotide polymorphisms were quickly fixed (13–15 days) after emerging as minority variants, while for Case B, higher diversity was observed at a slower emergence: fixation pace (1–2 months). Slower SARS-CoV-2 evolutionary pace was observed for Case A following the administration of hyperimmune plasma. This work adds knowledge on SARS-CoV-2 prolonged shedding in severely immunocompromised patients and demonstrates viral viability, noteworthy acquired intra-patient diversity, and different SARS-CoV-2 evolutionary dynamics in persistent cases.

scholarly journals Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in IFN-γ Signaling Pathway Associated with Risk of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Chinese Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yang Zhuo ◽  
Yalan Yang ◽  
Mingjun Zhang ◽  
Ying Xu ◽  
Zhongping Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Breakthrough Infection ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
B Virus

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a challenging public health problem in China and worldwide. Mother-to-child transmission is one of the main transmission routes of HBV in highly endemic regions. However, the mechanisms of HBV perinatal transmission in children have not been clearly defined. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IFN-γ signaling pathway and HBV infection or breakthrough infection in children. Two hundred and seventy-four HBV-infected children defined as test positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and 353 controls defined as negative for HBsAg in China were recruited from October 2013 to May 2015. SNPs in IFN-γ signaling pathway including IFNG, IFNGR1, IFNGR2, and IL12B were genotyped. Rs2234711 in IFNGR1 was significantly associated with HBV infection in children (OR = 0.641, 95% CI: 0.450–0.913). In addition, rs2234711 was also significantly associated with HBV breakthrough infection in children born to HBsAg-positive mothers (OR = 0.452, 95% CI: 0.205–0.998). Our study confirmed that genetic variants in IFN-γ signaling pathway have significant associations with HBV infection, especially with HBV breakthrough in children. This study provides insight into HBV infection in children and could be used to help design effective strategies for reducing immunoprophylaxis failure.

scholarly journals Single nucleotide polymorphisms in CXCR1 gene and its association with hepatitis B infected patients in Saudi Arabia

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad N. Almajhdi ◽  
Mohammed Al-Ahdal ◽  
Ayman A. Abdo ◽  
Faisal M. Sanai ◽  
Mashael Al-Anazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide
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