Plasma Viral Load Threshold for Sustaining Intrahost HIV Type 1 Evolution

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1242-1250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Bello ◽  
Concepción Casado ◽  
Virginia Sandonis ◽  
Tamara Alvaro-Cifuentes ◽  
Caio A. Rodrigues dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Plasma Viral Load ◽  
Hiv Type 1

scholarly journals Higher Set Point Plasma Viral Load and More-Severe Acute HIV Type 1 (HIV-1) Illness Predict Mortality among High-Risk HIV-1-Infected African Women

2006 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 1333-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Lavreys ◽  
J. M. Baeten ◽  
V. Chohan ◽  
R. S. McClelland ◽  
W. M. Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Plasma Viral Load ◽  
African Women ◽  
Set Point ◽  
Acute Hiv ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Short Communication: NKG2C+NK Cells Contribute to Increases in CD16+CD56−Cells in HIV Type 1+Individuals with High Plasma Viral Load

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
John N.S. Gregson ◽  
Leticia Kuri-Cervantes ◽  
Christopher M. Mela ◽  
Brian G. Gazzard ◽  
Mark Bower ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Plasma Viral Load ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Hiv Type 1

Impact of Viral Load Testing on Patient Care

1999 ◽  
Vol 123 (11) ◽  
pp. 1011-1014
Author(s):  
Frederick S. Nolte
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Load Testing ◽  
Hiv Rna ◽  
Viral Load Testing ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Standard Of Practice ◽  
Hiv Type 1

Abstract Quantitative human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 RNA tests have been essential tools in increasing our understanding of HIV pathogenesis and antiretroviral therapy. The plasma HIV RNA level is among the most powerful predictive tests in modern medicine for disease progression and has rapidly become the standard of practice for guiding clinicians in initiating, monitoring, and changing antiretroviral therapy. In this article the scientific rationale and clinical indications for viral load testing in HIV infection are reviewed.

scholarly journals Association between Virus-Specific T-Cell Responses and Plasma Viral Load in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype C Infection

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 882-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Novitsky ◽  
P. Gilbert ◽  
T. Peter ◽  
M. F. McLane ◽  
S. Gaolekwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Plasma Viral Load ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Subtype C ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cell Immune Responses

ABSTRACT Virus-specific T-cell immune responses are important in restraint of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication and control of disease. Plasma viral load is a key determinant of disease progression and infectiousness in HIV infection. Although HIV-1 subtype C (HIV-1C) is the predominant virus in the AIDS epidemic worldwide, the relationship between HIV-1C-specific T-cell immune responses and plasma viral load has not been elucidated. In the present study we address (i) the association between the level of plasma viral load and virus-specific immune responses to different HIV-1C proteins and their subregions and (ii) the specifics of correlation between plasma viral load and T-cell responses within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I HLA supertypes. Virus-specific immune responses in the natural course of HIV-1C infection were analyzed in the gamma interferon (IFN-γ)-enzyme-linked immunospot assay by using synthetic overlapping peptides corresponding to the HIV-1C consensus sequence. For Gag p24, a correlation was seen between better T-cell responses and lower plasma viral load. For Nef, an opposite trend was observed where a higher T-cell response was more likely to be associated with a higher viral load. At the level of the HLA supertypes, a lower viral load was associated with higher T-cell responses to Gag p24 within the HLA A2, A24, B27, and B58 supertypes, in contrast to the absence of such a correlation within the HLA B44 supertype. The present study demonstrated differential correlations (or trends to correlation) in various HIV-1C proteins, suggesting (i) an important role of the HIV-1C Gag p24-specific immune responses in control of viremia and (ii) more rapid viral escape from immune responses to Nef with no restraint of plasma viral load. Correlations between the level of IFN-γ-secreting T cells and viral load within the MHC class I HLA supertypes should be considered in HIV vaccine design and efficacy trials.

Prospective Longitudinal Analysis of Viral Load and Surrogate Markers in Relation to Clinical Progression in HIV Type 1-Infected Persons

1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. BRUISTEN ◽  
P.H.J. FRISSEN ◽  
P. VAN SWIETEN ◽  
P.R. HARRIGAN ◽  
I. KINGHORN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Surrogate Markers ◽  
Clinical Progression ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Inverse Relationship between Viral Load and Genotypic Resistance Mutations in Korean Patients with Primary HIV Type 1 Infections

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 1142-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bum Sik Chin ◽  
Juyeon Choi ◽  
Jeong-Gu Nam ◽  
Mee Kyung Kee ◽  
Soon Deok Suh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Genotypic Resistance ◽  
Korean Patients ◽  
Hiv Type 1
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