scholarly journals THE ROLE OF FEDERAL TAXATION IN THE SUPPLY OF MUNICIPAL BONDS: EVIDENCE FROM MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS

1991 ◽  
Vol 44 (4.1) ◽  
pp. 57-70
Author(s):  
GILBERT E. METCALF
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Bonds ◽  
Municipal Governments ◽  
Federal Taxation

From Cleaner Production to Greening the Local Economy

2010 ◽  
pp. 129-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobutaka Odake ◽  
Satomi Furukawa
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Social Efficiency ◽  
Municipal Governments ◽  
Environmental Programs ◽  
Environmental Measures

As interests in the impacts of business activities on environment have been growing, environmental policy is now shifting from the “end of pipe” stage to the next stage, which factor in the life cycles and social efficiency. An increasing trend in environmental departments of state and municipal governments in Europe is that these departments have outgrown their restriction-based environmental measures. Their concept of environmental policy has shifted to management support programs that helps small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) increase their competitiveness through improving their environmental efficiency. This chapter discusses and compares two environmental programs: the case of die Effizienz Agentur NRW (EFA) and the case of der ÖkoBusinessPlan Wien, the Eco Business Plan Vienna (EBP). The goal of this chapter is to extract the conveyed meanings of partnerships and the role of public sectors through the activities of local intermediaries such as agents need to play in fostering environmental conservation. The focus of discussion is on the partnerships among the parties involved in the programs and on the program operations.

Do “Non-Partisan” Municipal Politicians Match the Partisanship of Their Constituents?

2020 ◽  
pp. 107808742095807
Author(s):  
Jack Lucas
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
District Level ◽  
Municipal Politics ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
Municipal Governments ◽  
Municipal Elections ◽  
Party Support

Recent research in the United States has found that municipal governments are responsive to the ideological complexion of their cities even in the absence of partisan elections. In this paper, I test for the presence of party match—a match between the partisan character of a district and the partisanship of its municipal representative—in Canada, where municipal elections are distinctively non-partisan. Using new data on district-level party support and the partisanship of Canadian municipal politicians, I find clear evidence for party match. This match is equally likely in at-large and ward elections, partisan and non-partisan elections, and large and small cities. I thus argue that partisan and ideological representation is an important and widespread feature of Canadian municipal politics. I discuss the implications of these findings for theories of municipal representation and the role of ideology in municipal politics.

scholarly journals Employing One's "Talents": The Power of Innovative Bond Transactions to Finance Catholic Nonprofits

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-238
Author(s):  
Christopher Blain
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Bonds ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Funding Program ◽  
Comparative Advantages

This article discusses such new and innovative methods of bond financing that utilize unique security devices and repayment techniques in order to provide financing to nonprofit entities that otherwise would not have had access to capital on favorable terms. In Part I, this article will discuss how Catholic conduit mortgage bonds compare to more common municipal bonds, the specific terms of Conduit Mortgage Bonds, and offer a case study intended to demonstrate the mechanics of these bonds. Part II will discuss the comparative advantages of the Endowment Funding Program, explain the role of bond financing in the Program, and provide another case study. Part III will explain how the LIFT Bond Program is being used to facilitate structured giving—again with a focus on the role of bond financing as part of the Program—and analyze its role as one component in the larger Endowment Funding Program. Finally, Part IV will discuss the newest developments in the realm of Catholic conduit mortgage bonds.

scholarly journals Local Governments and the Crown's Duty to Consult

2018 ◽  
pp. 971
Author(s):  
Felix Hoehn ◽  
Michael Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Aboriginal Rights ◽  
Municipal Governments ◽  
Government Decision ◽  
Indigenous Groups

Do municipal governments embody the Crown to the extent that they owe a duty to consult with Indigenous groups when a local government decision might detrimentally impact Aboriginal rights? The authors point to two legal trends: jurisprudential recognition of administrative bodies’ ability to satisfy the duty in certain circumstances, and the expansion of the scope and role of municipal governments. The authors argue that when a province creates local governments with broad powers, the exercise of the powers conferred on the municipal governments are still subject to constitutional limits, such as the duty to consult. The article also highlights policy and practical considerations in support of this argument.

scholarly journals Where The Sidewalk Ends: The Governance Of Waterfront Toronto’s Sidewalk Labs Deal

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 263-283
Author(s):  
Alexandra Flynn ◽  
Mariana Valverde
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Good Time ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Municipal Governments ◽  
The Public ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
The Future

In May 2020 Sidewalk Labs, the Google-affiliated ‘urban innovation’ company, announced that it was abandoning its ambition to build a ‘smart city’ on Toronto’s waterfront and thus ending its three-year relationship with Waterfront Toronto. This is thus a good time to look back and examine the whole process, with a view to drawing lessons both for the future of Canadian smart city projects and the future of public sector agencies with appointed boards. This article leaves to one side the gadgets and sensors that drew much attention to the proposed project, and instead focuses on the governance aspects, especially the role of the public ‘partner’ in the contemplated public-private partnership. We find that the multi-government agency, Waterfront Toronto, had transparency and accountability deficiencies, and failed to consistently defend the public interest from the beginning (the Request for Proposals issued in May of 2017).  Because the public partner in the proposed ‘deal’ was not, as is usually the case in smart city projects, a municipal corporation, our research allows us to address an important question in administrative law, namely: what powers should administrative bodies outside of government have in crafting smart city policies? In Canada, the comparatively limited Canadian scholarly work regarding urban law and governance has mainly focused on municipal governments themselves, and this scholarly void has contributed to the fact that the public is largely unaware of the numerous local bodies that oversee local matters beyond municipal governments.  This paper hones into the details of the WT-Sidewalk Labs partnership to understand the powers and limitations of WT in assuming a governmental role in establishing and overseeing ‘smart city’ relationships. It ultimately argues that WT has not been – nor should it be – empowered to create a smart city along Toronto’s post-industrial waterfront. Such tasks, we argue, belong to democratic bodies like municipalities. An important contribution of this paper is to situate the evolving role of public authorities in the local governance literature and in the context of administrative law.

Deflecting national ideologies: Exploring identity management trajectories of medium-sized cities

2021 ◽  
pp. 0308518X2199635
Author(s):  
Inès Hassen ◽  
Massimo Giovanardi
Keyword(s):  
Identity Management ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Municipal Governments ◽  
Local Agency ◽  
Discursive Strategies ◽  
Urban Research ◽  
Neoliberal Policies ◽  
World Level

This paper focuses on the agency exhibited by municipal governments in modifying or resisting neoliberal policies, by investigating their efforts to manufacture favorable competitive urban identities. In particular, this paper emphasizes how national ideologies are (re)articulated at a local level by medium-sized cities placed within different national contexts and, thus, exposed to different orientations toward neoliberal principles. By performing historical urban research in Leicester (UK) and Reims (France), this study identifies different expressions of local agency through which cities present their identities on a global scenario, by responding to similar pressure of deindustrialization and urban competition from mid-1970s. If the discursive strategies of both cities reproduce signs of respective national ideologies, findings highlight two trajectories whereby cities negotiate and rework the main narratives underpinning those national ideologies. The concepts of active and passive deflection are offered in order to capture the role of local agency and conceptualize how national ideologies are appropriated locally by medium-sized cities in the attempt to engage with perceived increasing world-level forces.

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