Trade, Structural Transformation and Development: Evidence from Argentina 1869-1914

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Fajgelbaum ◽  
Stephen Redding
Keyword(s):  
Structural Transformation

The structure of pre-mRNA and mRNA from erythroid cells

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-235
Author(s):  
A.-M. Ladhoff ◽  
B.J. Thiele ◽  
Ch. Coutelle ◽  
S. Rosenthal
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Erythroid Cells ◽  
Globin Mrna ◽  
Ordered Structures ◽  
Rabbit Bone ◽  
Rabbit Reticulocytes

The suggested precursor-product relationship between the nuclear pre-mRNA and the cytoplasmic mRNA has created increased interest also in the structure of these RNA species. Previously we have been published electron micrographs of individual pre-mRNA molecules from erythroid cells. An intersting observation was the appearance of a contour, probably corresponding to higher ordered structures, on one end of 10 % of the pre-mRNA molecules from erythroid rabbit bone marrow cells (Fig. 1A). A virtual similar contour was observed in molecules of 9S globin mRNA from rabbit reticulocytes (Fig. 1B). A structural transformation in a linear contour occurs if the RNA is heated for 10 min to 90°C in the presence of 80 % formamide. This structural transformation is reversible when the denatured RNA is precipitated and redissolved in 0.2 M ammonium acetate.

Structural Transformation of a Germanium Σ=13 (510) [001] Tilt Grain Boundary under the Electron Beam

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Luc Rouvière ◽  
Alain Bourret
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Mirror Symmetry ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Structural Transformations ◽  
Covalent Bonds ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Tilt Grain Boundary

The possible structural transformations during the sample preparations and the sample observations are important issues in electron microscopy. Several publications of High Resolution Electron Microscopy (HREM) have reported that structural transformations and evaporation of the thin parts of a specimen could happen in the microscope. Diffusion and preferential etchings could also occur during the sample preparation.Here we report a structural transformation of a germanium Σ=13 (510) [001] tilt grain boundary that occurred in a medium-voltage electron microscopy (JEOL 400KV).Among the different (001) tilt grain boundaries whose atomic structures were entirely determined by High Resolution Electron Microscopy (Σ = 5(310), Σ = 13 (320), Σ = 13 (510), Σ = 65 (1130), Σ = 25 (710) and Σ = 41 (910), the Σ = 13 (510) interface is the most interesting. It exhibits two kinds of structures. One of them, the M-structure, has tetracoordinated covalent bonds and is periodic (fig. 1). The other, the U-structure, is also tetracoordinated but is not strictly periodic (fig. 2). It is composed of a periodically repeated constant part that separates variable cores where some atoms can have several stable positions. The M-structure has a mirror glide symmetry. At Scherzer defocus, its HREM images have characteristic groups of three big white dots that are distributed on alternatively facing right and left arcs (fig. 1). The (001) projection of the U-structure has an apparent mirror symmetry, the portions of good coincidence zones (“perfect crystal structure”) regularly separate the variable cores regions (fig. 2).

STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION STUDIED BY THERMAL EXPANSION ON SINGLE CRYSTALS V3Si IN NORMAL AND SUPERCONDUCTING STATES

1978 ◽  
Vol 39 (C6) ◽  
pp. C6-406-C6-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Fukase ◽  
T. Kobayashi ◽  
M. Isino ◽  
N. Toyota ◽  
Y. Muto
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Structural Transformation

Between Modernization and Stagnation: Economic Policy in 2012

2013 ◽  
pp. 4-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Mau
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Russian Economic Development ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Oil Boom ◽  
The World

The paper deals with the trends in the world and Russian economies towards development of a new post-crisis system, including technological and structural transformation. Three main scenarios of Russian economic development (conservative, innovation and acceleration) are discussed basing on historical analysis of Russian economic performance since 1970-s when oil boom started. On this basis key challenges of economic policy in 2013 are discussed.

From universalism to individualism: New approaches to economic growth analysis

2019 ◽  
pp. 108-126
Author(s):  
Ivan L. Lyubimov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Growth Analysis ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Adequate Account ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Catching Up

This paper examines the evolution of academic and applied approaches to analyze the problem of economic growth since the mid-XX century. For quite an extended period of time, these views were corresponding to universalist economic policies taking no adequate account of particularities and limitations that a certain catching-up economy embodied. New approaches analyzing the problems of economic growth, on the contrary, individualize growth diagnostics, structural transformation and the organization of reforms processes for the emerging economies. We argue that individualist approaches might be potentially more effective than the universalist ones for solving the problem of slow economic growth.

Anti-crisis measures or structural reforms: Russia’s economic policy in 2015

2016 ◽  
pp. 5-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Mau
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Growth Model ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Structural Reforms ◽  
Energy Prices ◽  
New Models

The paper deals with 2015 trends and challenges for social and economic policy in the nearest future. The analysis of global crisis includes: uneven developments in the leading advanced and emerging economies; new models of economic growth which look differently in different countries; prospects of globalization and challenges of ‘regional globalization’; currency configurations of the future; energy prices dynamics and its influence on political and economic prospects of particular states. Current challenges are discussed in the context of previous 30 years. Among the main topics on Russia, there are approaches to a new growth model, structural transformation (including import substitution issues), economic dynamics, budget and monetary outlines, social issues. The priorities of economic policy are also considered.

Agrarian receipts as a tool for the structural transformation of financial and credit relations in the agrarian business of the region

2019 ◽  
pp. 40-53
Author(s):  
Yuliia Nehoda
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Bank Lending ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Agricultural Business ◽  
Business Entities

The subject of the research – is a set of organizational-economic relations arising in the process of structural transformation of financial and credit relations in the agricultural business. The purpose of the article is a retrospective analysis of structural transformations of financial and credit relations in the agricultural business, evaluation of the effectiveness and feasibility of the introduction of agricultural receipts as a new instrument of lending to the agricultural business of the regions. Methodology of work – system-structural and comparative analyzes (to determine the effectiveness of the crediting mechanism according to the agricultural receipts of the farmers of the region); monographic (when studying the problems of the functioning of the mechanism of lending to agrarians by agrarian receipts) economic analysis (when carrying out a comparative analysis of the mechanism of classical bank lending to the agrarian business and the mechanism of lending to agrarians according to agrarian receipts); modeling and forecasting (when determining ways to overcome the existing deficiencies in the mechanism of lending to agrarian business entities of the region according to agrarian receipts). The results of the work – a retrospective analysis of the structural transformation of financial and credit relations in the agricultural business was carried out. The mechanism of crediting agrarians according to agrarian receipts and the scale of its distribution in the agrarian business of the region are considered. A comparative analysis of the mechanism of classical bank lending to the agrarian business and the mechanism of lending to agrarians according to agrarian receipts was carried out. In the framework of the pilot project “Agrarian receipts in Ukraine” of the international financial corporation (IFC) in partnership with the Swiss Confederation in Ukraine, the example of the Poltava region defined the effectiveness of the crediting mechanism according to the agrarian receipts of the agrarians of the region. The advantages and disadvantages of the mechanism of crediting the subjects of the agrarian business on agrarian receipts are noted. The ways to overcome the existing shortcomings of the mechanism of crediting the subjects of the agrarian business of the region according to agricultural receipts are determined. Conclusions – according to the results of the conducted research, the effectiveness of the mechanism of lending to the agricultural business of the regions according to agricultural receipts was proved, its advantages and disadvantages were noted, and attention was also focused. Proposed in Art. 7 of Law No. 5479-VI clearly delineate cases and restrictions on the debtor’s reimbursement of expenses incurred by the lender with the acquisition of the right to grow and harvest the pledged crop of agricultural products, which will ensure the principle of equality of parties on economic benefits and distribution of credit risks according to agricultural receipts.

Effect of annealing conditions on structural transformation of ZnS thin film

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 (suppl_23_2006) ◽  
pp. 287-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kryshtab ◽  
J. Palacios-Gómez ◽  
M. Mazin
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Annealing Conditions

St. Petersburg industrial policy: Determining the factors of structural changes in industry through Shift-Share Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 909-939
Author(s):  
M.V. Dement'ev
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Positive Results

Subject. This article examines the theoretical and practical aspects of the implementation of industrial policy and the structural transformation of the manufacturing industry in St. Petersburg. Objectives. The article aims to justify the priority of the industry-based approach to industrial policy in St. Petersburg and determine its effectiveness by highlighting the factors of structural transformation of the city's manufacturing industry using the Shift-Share Analysis method. Methods. For the study, I used logical, statistical, and factor analyses. Results. Based on shift-share analysis, the study highlights positive results of industrial policy in the development of certain industries in St. Petersburg, as well as those industries that require further development of urban industrial policy. Conclusions. Despite the fact that the industry of St. Petersburg as a whole has become more stable, problems in the development of mechanical engineering and production of computers, electronic and optical products have not yet been solved.

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