Drivers and cascading ecological consequences of Gambusia affinis trait variation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary T Wood ◽  
Laura K Lopez ◽  
Celia C Symons ◽  
Rebecca R Robinson ◽  
Eric P Palkovacs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gambusia Affinis ◽  
Trait Variation ◽  
Ecological Consequences

scholarly journals Ecological consequences of intraspecific variation in coevolutionary systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athmanathan Senthilnathan ◽  
Sergey Gavrilets
Keyword(s):  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Interspecific Interaction ◽  
Stabilizing Selection ◽  
Trait Variation ◽  
Ecological Consequences ◽  
Intraspecific Trait Variation ◽  
Analytical Approximations ◽  
Invasion Analysis ◽  
The Difference

AbstractThe patterns and outcomes of coevolution are expected to depend on intraspecific trait variation. Various evolutionary factors can change this variation in time. As a result, modeling coevolutionary processes solely in terms of mean trait values may not be sufficient; one may need to study the dynamics of the whole trait distribution. Here, we develop a theoretical framework for studying the effects of evolving intraspecific variation in two-species coevolutionary systems. In particular, we build and study mathematical models of competition, exploiter-victim interactions, and mutualism in which the strength of within- and between-species interactions depends on the difference in continuously varying traits. We use analytical approximations based on the invasion analysis and supplement it with a numerical method. We find that intraspecific variation can be maintained if stabilizing selection is weak in at least one species. When intraspecific variation is maintained, stable coexistence is promoted by small ranges of interspecific interaction in two-species competition and mutualism, and large ranges in exploiter-victim interactions. We show that trait distributions can become multimodal. Our approach and results contribute to the understanding of the ecological consequences of intraspecific variation in coevolutionary systems by exploring its effects on population densities and trait distributions.

Self-other agreement in disgust sensitivity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Karinen ◽  
Joshua M. Tybur ◽  
Reinout E. de Vries
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Disgust Sensitivity ◽  
Trait Variation ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Moral Disgust ◽  
Sexual Disgust ◽  
Moral Condemnation

A broad literature indicates that pathogen, sexual, and moral disgust sensitivity relate to, among other things, political attitudes, moral condemnation, and symptoms of psychopathology. As such, instruments measuring disgust sensitivity have been widely used across subfields of psychology. Yet, surprisingly little work has examined whether self-reports in disgust sensitivity reflect systematic trait variation. Here, we present the first study to examine self-other agreement in pathogen, sexual, and moral disgust sensitivity. Romantic partners (n1 = 290), friends (n2 = 212) and acquaintances (n3 = 140) rated each other on these three domains of disgust sensitivity and on the HEXACO personality dimensions. Correlations between dyad partners’ self- and other-ratings were calculated to estimate the magnitude of self-other agreement. We found self-other agreement in all domains of disgust sensitivity (r’s of .36, .46, and .66 for moral, pathogen, and sexual disgust sensitivity, respectively), with this agreement only slightly inferred from personality perceptions (percentages mediated by HEXACO were 15%, 7%, and 33% for pathogen, sexual, and moral disgust sensitivity, respectively). These results suggest that pathogen, sexual, and moral disgust sensitivity reflect systematic trait variation that is detectable by others and distinct from broader personality traits.

Adaptive trait variation in the federally endangered Lindera melissifolia (Lauraceae), as it relates to genotype and genotype-environment interaction1

2019 ◽  
Vol 146 (3) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Tracy S. Hawkins ◽  
Craig S. Echt ◽  
Margaret S. Devall ◽  
Paul B. Hamel ◽  
A. Dan Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trait Variation ◽  
Adaptive Trait

SUBDUED ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE LATE PALEOZOIC ICE AGE

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew G. Powell ◽  
◽  
Ian-Michael Taylor-Benjamin
Keyword(s):  
Ice Age ◽  
Late Paleozoic ◽  
Ecological Consequences ◽  
Late Paleozoic Ice Age

Personality and behavioral syndromes in insects and spiders

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl N. Keiser ◽  
James L.L. Lichtenstein ◽  
Colin M. Wright ◽  
Gregory T. Chism ◽  
Jonathan N. Pruitt
Keyword(s):  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
Insect Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Syndromes ◽  
Ecological Consequences ◽  
Behavioral Variation ◽  
Terrestrial Arthropods ◽  
Functional Differences ◽  
Behavioral Tendencies ◽  
Animal Personalities

The field of animal behavior has experienced a surge of studies focusing on functional differences among individuals in their behavioral tendencies (‘animal personalities’) and the relationships between different axes of behavioral variation (‘behavioral syndromes’). Many important developments in this field have arisen through research using insects and other terrestrial arthropods, in part, because they present the opportunity to test hypotheses not accessible in other taxa. This chapter reviews how studies on insects and spiders have advanced the study of animal personalities by describing the mechanisms underlying the emergence of individual variation and their ecological consequences. Furthermore, studies accounting for animal personalities can expand our understanding of phenomena in insect science like metamorphosis, eusociality, and applied insect behavior. In addition, this chapter serves to highlight some of the most exciting issues at the forefront of our field and to inspire entomologists and behaviorists alike to seek the answers to these questions.

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