Rapid body color change provides lizards with facultative crypsis in the eyes of their avian predators

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Lin Wuthrich ◽  
Amber Nagel ◽  
Lindsey Swierk
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Body Color ◽  
Avian Predators

scholarly journals Rapid body color brightening is associated with exposure to a stressor in an Anolis lizard

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane F.F. Boyer ◽  
Lindsey Swierk
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Body Color ◽  
Anolis Lizard ◽  
Body Coloration ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Three Body ◽  
Typical Skin

Many species use color change to optimize body coloration to changing environmental conditions, and drivers of rapid color change in natural populations are numerous and poorly understood. We examined factors influencing body coloration in the Water Anole (Anolis aquaticus Taylor, 1956), a lizard possessing color-changing stripes along the length of its body. We quantified the color of three body regions (the eye stripe, lateral stripe, and dorsum) before and after exposure to a mild stressor (handling and restraint). Based on current understanding of the genus Anolis Daudin, 1802, we hypothesized that exposure to a stressor would generate genus-typical skin darkening (i.e., increased melanism). Contrary to expectations, stress consistently brightened body coloration: eye and lateral stripes transitioned from brown to pale blue and green and the dorsum became lighter brown. Sex, size, and body temperature did not correlate with any aspect of body coloration, and a laboratory experiment confirmed that light exposure did not drive brightening. We propose that color change may serve to reduce conspicuousness through disruptive camouflage; lizards tended to display brighter stripes on mottled green–brown substrates. Together, these results improve our understanding of Anolis color change diversity and emphasize the need for a broader interpretation of the mechanism and functions of color change across taxa.

scholarly journals Molecular basis of wax-based color change and UV reflection in dragonflies

eLife ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Futahashi ◽  
Yumi Yamahama ◽  
Migaku Kawaguchi ◽  
Naoki Mori ◽  
Daisuke Ishii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Methyl Ketones ◽  
Body Color ◽  
Fatty Acid Elongase ◽  
Visual Signaling ◽  
Fine Structures ◽  
Uv Reflection ◽  
Long Chain

Many animals change their body color for visual signaling and environmental adaptation. Some dragonflies show wax-based color change and ultraviolet (UV) reflection, but the biochemical properties underlying the phenomena are totally unknown. Here we investigated the UV-reflective abdominal wax of dragonflies, thereby identifying very long-chain methyl ketones and aldehydes as unique and major wax components. Little wax was detected on young adults, but dense wax secretion was found mainly on the dorsal abdomen of mature males of Orthetrum albistylum and O. melania, and pruinose wax secretion was identified on the ventral abdomen of mature females of O. albistylum and Sympetrum darwinianum. Comparative transcriptomics demonstrated drastic upregulation of the ELOVL17 gene, a member of the fatty acid elongase gene family, whose expression reflected the distribution of very long-chain methyl ketones. Synthetic 2-pentacosanone, the major component of dragonfly’s wax, spontaneously formed light-scattering scale-like fine structures with strong UV reflection, suggesting its potential utility for biomimetics.

scholarly journals Observation on rapid physiological color change in Giant tree frog Rhacophorus smaragdinus (Blyth, 1852) from Namdapha Tiger Reserve, Arunachal Pradesh, India

Herpetozoa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
Deepak CK ◽  
Arajush Payra ◽  
Basudev Tripathy ◽  
Kailash Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Neuroendocrine System ◽  
Tree Frog ◽  
Homeostatic Regulation ◽  
Arunachal Pradesh ◽  
Body Color ◽  
Tiger Reserve ◽  
The Family ◽  
Proximate Causes ◽  
First Time

Many poikilotherms have the ability to change body color for homeostatic regulation, conspecific communication or predator deterrence. Physiological color change is a rapid, reversible mode of color change regulated by neuromuscular or neuroendocrine system and has been observed in several anuran species. Here we report the occurrence of physiological color change in the tree frog Rhacophorussmaragdinus (Blyth, 1852) (Amphibia, Anura, Rhacophoridae) for the first time from Namdapha Tiger Reserve, Arunachal Pradesh, India. Probable proximate causes of the behavior are discussed along with an overview of physiological color change in species of the family Rhacophoridae and nature of color change observed.

Body color change and serum steroid hormone levels throughout the process of sex change in the adult wrasse, Pseudolabrus sieboldi

2007 ◽  
Vol 153 (5) ◽  
pp. 843-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohei Ohta ◽  
Mayumi Hirano ◽  
Takayuki Mine ◽  
Hiroshi Mizutani ◽  
Akihiko Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Steroid Hormone ◽  
Sex Change ◽  
Body Color ◽  
Hormone Levels

scholarly journals Effect of addition of pro-enzymes and Spirulina flour on growth and color intensity of betta fish (Betta sp)

2021 ◽  
Vol 890 (1) ◽  
pp. 012025
Author(s):  
M A Fabanjo ◽  
N Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Ornamental Fish ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Body Color ◽  
Color Intensity ◽  
Change Rate ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
Effective Doses

Abstract Betta fish is one of the ornamental fish that has high economic value because it has features such as the beauty of the body color, the uniqueness of the shape of the fins so that it is very attractive to ornamental fish lovers. Attractiveness value of ornamental fish can be measured from their brilliant color, shape and physical completeness, behavior, and health conditions. Color is one deciding factor that ornamental fish is in demand by consumers, so that farmers need to maintain the color of ornamental fish by providing food containing color pigments. The aim of this study was to obtain a mixture of effective doses of pro-enzyme Spirulina flour in feeding to increase growth and color intensity of betta fish. The results showed that the highest absolute weight growth was found in treatment B (5 grams) of pro-enzyme Spirulina flour 2.154 followed by treatment C 1.554 (7 grams), treatment A 0.844 (3 grams), and treatment D 0.002 (0 grams). The highest level of color change occurred in treatment A (dose of 3 grams) while the lowest color change rate was found at treatment D (0 grams).

scholarly journals Does soil color affect fish evolution? Differences in color change rate between lineages of the sailfin tetra

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalebe S. Pinto ◽  
Tiago H. S. Pires ◽  
Gabriel Stefanelli-Silva ◽  
Bruno S. Barros ◽  
Elio A. Borghezan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Body Color ◽  
Change Rate ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Physiological Constraints ◽  
Fish Evolution ◽  
Forest Streams

ABSTRACT Several organisms match their skin color to the prevalent background color, granting crypsis against predators. The rate at which body color changes occur varies among organisms as a result of physiological constraints and adaptation to variation in contrasts between objects and the environmental background. Faster darkening of body color is favored in environments that show higher amounts of contrast between common objects and the prevailing background. Soil types in Amazon forest streams (igarapés) create distinct environments with respect to the amount of contrast, a result of the amount of sand and clay, which offers different contrasts against dead leaves. Here, we investigated differences in the rates of color change among populations of the sailfin tetra (Crenuchus spilurus) that represent lineages that live in regions of different soil types. Populations inserted into blackwaters (sandy soil) showed higher rates of color darkening in response to exposure to a dark environment composed by dead leaves. We propose that natural selection stemming from predation can favor faster color change rate in environments where there is higher variability of contrasts between leaf litter and soil, which is common in most blackwater streams.

Light-induced body color change in developing zebrafish

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoya Shiraki ◽  
Daisuke Kojima ◽  
Yoshitaka Fukada
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Body Color
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