The Fiscal Impacts of Wildfires on California Municipalities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanjun Liao ◽  
Carolyn Kousky
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Impacts

scholarly journals Evaluating Public Programs with Close Substitutes: The Case of Head Start*

2016 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
pp. 1795-1848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Kline ◽  
Christopher R. Walters
Keyword(s):  
Head Start ◽  
Test Score ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Public Programs ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fiscal Impacts ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Benefit Cost

Abstract We use data from the Head Start Impact Study (HSIS) to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of Head Start, the largest early childhood education program in the United States. Head Start draws roughly a third of its participants from competing preschool programs, many of which receive public funds. We show that accounting for the fiscal impacts of such program substitution pushes estimates of Head Start’s benefit-cost ratio well above one under a wide range of assumptions on the structure of the market for preschool services and the dollar value of test score gains. To parse the program’s test score impacts relative to home care and competing preschools, we selection-correct test scores in each care environment using excluded interactions between experimental assignments and household characteristics. We find that Head Start generates larger test score gains for children who would not otherwise attend preschool and for children who are less likely to participate in the program.

The Economic and Fiscal Impacts of the Elderly on a Small Rural Region

2021 ◽  
pp. 264-285
Author(s):  
Martin Shields ◽  
Judith I. Stallmann ◽  
Steven C. Deller
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Rural Region ◽  
Fiscal Impacts

scholarly journals Spatial Patterns in Fiscal Impacts of Environmental Taxation in the EU

Economies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Vít Pászto ◽  
Jarmila Zimmermannová ◽  
Jolana Skaličková ◽  
Judit Sági
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Environmental Taxation ◽  
Environmental Tax ◽  
K Nearest Neighbors ◽  
Fiscal Impact ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
Fiscal Impacts ◽  
The Eu

There are several reasons for environmental taxation implementation. Besides its environmental impact, the main reason for such taxation is its fiscal impact, particularly in generating revenues of public budgets. The main goal of this paper is to observe possible spatial patterns in fiscal impacts of environmental taxation in the EU countries, and to depict the groups of countries with the same (or similar) fiscal impact of these instruments on public budget revenues, including environmental and economic characteristics. Two methods of cluster analysis are used, Ward linkage and K-nearest neighbors (spatial) cluster analysis to observe potential geographical links or implication of fiscal impact. The study is performed for the years 2008 and 2017. Based on the results, we can say that in the year 2008, the EU countries were divided into “the west” and “the east”, with some exceptions. The western countries were characterized by high environmental tax revenues, the eastern countries by low environmental tax revenues. For 2017, the situation is different. The border between old and new EU member states is not so abrupt and clear. The results show higher diversification between EU countries concerning the fiscal impacts of environmental taxation.

Fiscal Impacts

2018 ◽  
pp. 139-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen L. Doggett ◽  
Dini M. Miller ◽  
Karen Vail ◽  
Molly S. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Impacts

scholarly journals Burning the buffer: New Zealand's budgetary response to COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Ball
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Net Worth ◽  
Fiscal Impacts ◽  
Financial Management System ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

PurposeThe New Zealand Government has progressively strengthened its balance sheet position since the mid-1990s, other than for the four years immediately following the global financial crisis and the Canterbury earthquakes. This paper describes the nature and the forecast and actual fiscal impacts of the COVID-19 response, and identifies the transparency mechanisms which reveal these impacts. It also expresses a viewpoint on the implications of the COVID-19 response for the future resilience of the Government's fiscal position.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws on the suite of official budgetary documents to demonstrate both the transparency of the disclosures on the COVID-19 impact and the substance of the forecast and actual fiscal impacts.FindingsThe paper reveals the change in the long-term fiscal aspirations of the New Zealand Government from one of achieving and maintaining a significant net worth buffer, to one which accommodates in the long-term a markedly smaller buffer and lower level of net worth.Originality/valueThe public financial management system in New Zealand is notable for its transparency. The Government's response to the pandemic is used to illustrate the nature and extent of that transparency.

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