scholarly journals Cumulative Advantage and the Incentive to Commit Fraud in Science

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remco Heesen
Keyword(s):  
Cumulative Advantage

Social class and inequality in later life

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-40
Author(s):  
Chris Gilleard ◽  
Paul Higgs
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Cumulative Advantage ◽  
Social Gerontology ◽  
The Life Course

This chapter begins with a consideration of models and theories concerning social class. It focuses upon the distinctions between relational and gradational models of class. It then explores how these different models seem to be articulated in later life and the model of cumulative advantage and disadvantage employed in much social gerontology. Following from such considerations, it explores both the connections and the disjunctions that exists between working and post working life. The chapter concludes with a consideration of how consumption and consumerism have grown in significance as markers of distinction and determinants of difference, not just in later life but throughout the life course.

scholarly journals Who Belongs? How Status Influences the Experience of Gemeinschaft

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-50
Author(s):  
Cary Beckwith
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Small Groups ◽  
High Status ◽  
Cumulative Advantage ◽  
Status Hierarchy ◽  
High Ranking ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Group Life ◽  
Using Data

Belonging is a central human aspiration, one that has drawn attention from sociologists and social psychologists alike. Who is likely to realize this aspiration? This paper addresses that question by examining how “we-feeling”—the experience of gemeinschaft—is distributed within small groups. Previous research has argued that the feeling of belonging is positively related to a person’s social status through a cumulative advantage process. But high status can recast the responsibilities of group life as burdens if a person regards them as incongruent with his or her rank, and this can dim one’s feelings toward the group. This paper proposes that a “high-status penalty” diminishes we-feeling for high-ranking individuals, thereby concentrating we-feeling in the middle of a status hierarchy. It tests this theory using data from the Urban Communes Project, a survey of 60 naturally occurring communities. The findings suggest that status-incongruent responsibilities can suppress the benefits of status at the top of a hierarchy.

scholarly journals Neighbourhood cohesion as a form of privilege

Urban Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 004209802091454 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Luisa Méndez ◽  
Gabriel Otero ◽  
Felipe Link ◽  
Ernesto López Morales ◽  
Modesto Gayo
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Common Good ◽  
American City ◽  
Cumulative Advantage ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Spatial Differences ◽  
Key Dimensions ◽  
The City

Contrary to the idea that neighbourhood cohesion is something that inherently benefits the poor or counterbalances the forces of social exclusion, in this article we argue that it can also function as a mechanism of cumulative advantage. In order to explore this proposal, we offer a definition and key dimensions of neighbourhood cohesion based on three components: place attachment, local relations and commitment to the local common good. We test our proposal in a highly segregated Latin American city: Santiago, Chile. A combination of survey data and georeferenced information was obtained from a random sample of 700 residents. The results reveal the existence of four neighbourhood cohesion types: Communitarians, Belongers, Strangers and Outsiders. As expected, we found that people who reside in affluent areas and perceive themselves to live in more reputable neighbourhoods are those who report the strongest patterns of neighbourhood cohesion. We conclude by questioning the scope and effectiveness of policies which have promoted neighbourhood cohesion as a ‘tool’ of governance without first attempting to reduce socio-spatial rifts. We also ask whether these notable spatial differences in neighbourhood cohesion contribute to improving the overall social cohesion at the city level.

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