Verb Inflection in Tenango Otomi and the Typology of Grammatical Tone

Néstor Hernández-Green

doi:10.1086/714249

Patterns of interpredictability and principal parts in Latin verb paradigms: an entropy-based approach

Journal of Latin Linguistics ◽

10.1515/joll-2020-2014 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Matteo Pellegrini

Keyword(s):

Principal Part ◽

Quantitative Approach ◽

Information Theoretic ◽

Verb Inflection ◽

Type Frequency ◽

Principal Parts ◽

The Impact

AbstractThis paper provides a fully word-based, abstractive analysis of predictability in Latin verb paradigms. After reviewing previous traditional and theoretically grounded accounts of Latin verb inflection, a procedure is outlined where the uncertainty in guessing the content of paradigm cells given knowledge of one or more inflected wordforms is measured by means of the information-theoretic notions of unary and n-ary implicative entropy, respectively, in a quantitative approach that uses the type frequency of alternation patterns between wordforms as an estimate of their probability of application. Entropy computations are performed by using the Qumin toolkit on data taken from the inflected lexicon LatInfLexi. Unary entropy values are used to draw a mapping of the verbal paradigm in zones of full interpredictability, composed of cells that can be inferred from one another with no uncertainty. N-ary entropy values are used to extract categorical and near principal part sets, that allow to fill the rest of the paradigm with little or no uncertainty. Lastly, the issue of the impact of information on the derivational relatedness of lexemes on uncertainty in inflectional predictions is tackled, showing that adding a classification of verbs in derivational families allows for a relevant reduction of entropy, not only for derived verbs, but also for simple ones.

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The effects of language impairment on the use of direct object pronouns and verb inflections in heritage Spanish speakers: A look at attrition, incomplete acquisition and maintenance

Bilingualism Language and Cognition ◽

10.1017/s1366728911000484 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 22-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

PEGGY F. JACOBSON

Keyword(s):

Language Impairment ◽

Error Rates ◽

School Age Children ◽

Gender Assignment ◽

Verb Inflection ◽

Heritage Spanish Speakers ◽

Third Person ◽

And Gender ◽

Verb Inflections ◽

Incomplete Acquisition

This study examined object clitic pronouns (OCPs) and verb inflections in twenty-five school-age children with typical development (TD) and twenty children with bilingual language impairment (BLI). MANOVA and ANOVA were used to explore differences according to grade level and language status (TD vs. BLI). Although children with BLI produced higher rates of grammatical errors overall, accuracy on number and gender assignment for OCPs was better for both groups in the higher grades. Although the rate of verb inflection errors did not differ for children with TD and BLI in the lower grades, a significant interaction yielded higher error rates on subject–verb agreement for third person singular and plural inflections in the later grades for children with BLI. Greater accuracy on OCP use in later grades weakens claims that bilingualism exacerbates language impairment. For BLI, whether incomplete acquisition or delayed development is the determining factor for verb inflection errors remains undetermined.

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