Life History and Immune Challenge Influence Metabolic Plasticity to Food Availability and Acclimation Temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-281
Author(s):  
Zachary R. Stahlschmidt ◽  
Jordan R. Glass
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Acclimation Temperature ◽  
Immune Challenge ◽  
Metabolic Plasticity

Should I stay or should I go? Complex environments influence the developmental plasticity of flight capacity and flight-related trade-offs

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan R Glass ◽  
Zachary R Stahlschmidt
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Developmental Plasticity ◽  
Temperature Variability ◽  
Field Cricket ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Complex Environments ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Flight Capacity

Abstract Complex environments, characterized by co-varying factors (e.g. temperature and food availability) may cause animals to invest resources differentially into fitness-related traits. Thus, experiments manipulating multiple environmental factors concurrently provide valuable insight into the role of the environment in shaping not only important traits (e.g. dispersal capacity or reproduction), but also trait–trait interactions (e.g. trade-offs between traits). We used a multi-factorial design to manipulate variation in temperature (constant 28 °C vs. 28 ± 5 °C daily cycle) and food availability (unlimited vs. intermittent access) throughout development in the sand field cricket (Gryllus firmus). Using a univariate approach, we found that temperature variability and unlimited food availability promoted survival, development, growth, body size and/or reproductive investment. Using principal components as indices of resource allocation strategy, we found that temperature variability and unlimited food reduced investment into flight capacity in females. Thus, we detected a sex-specific trade-off between flight and other life-history traits that was developmentally plastic in response to variation in temperature and food availability. We develop an experimental and statistical framework to reveal shifts in correlative patterns of investment into different life-history traits. This approach can be applied to a range of biological systems to investigate how environmental complexity influences traits and trait trade-offs.

scholarly journals Age structure of a lizard along an elevational gradient reveals nonlinear lifespan patterns with altitude

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mar Comas ◽  
Senda Reguera ◽  
Francisco J Zamora-Camacho ◽  
Gregorio Moreno-Rueda
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Reproductive Investment ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Activity Time ◽  
Psammodromus Algirus ◽  
Limited Food ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Marginal Habitats

Abstract Lifespan is one of the main components of life history. Shorter lifespans can be expected in marginal habitats. However, in the case of ectotherms, lifespan typically increases with altitude, even though temperature—one of the main factors to determine ectotherms’ life history—declines with elevation. This pattern can be explained by the fact that a shorter activity time favors survival. In this study, we analyzed how lifespan and other life-history traits of the lizard Psammodromus algirus vary along a 2,200 m elevational gradient in Sierra Nevada (SE Spain). Populations at intermediate altitudes (1,200–1,700 m), corresponding to the optimal habitat for this species, had the shortest lifespans, whereas populations inhabiting marginal habitats (at both low and at high altitudes) lived longest. Therefore, this lizard did not follow the typical pattern of ectotherms, as it also lived longer at the lower limit of its distribution, nor did it show a longer lifespan in areas with optimal habitats. These results might be explained by a complex combination of different gradients along the mountain, namely that activity time decreases with altitude whereas food availability increases. This could explain why lifespan was maximum at both high (limited activity time) and low (limited food availability) altitudes, resulting in similar lifespans in areas with contrasting environmental conditions. Our findings also indicated that reproductive investment and body condition increase with elevation, suggesting that alpine populations are locally adapted.

Insulin/IGF Signaling and Life History Traits in Response to Food Availability and Perceived Density in the Cnidarian Hydra vulgaris

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 318
Author(s):  
Flóra Sebestyén ◽  
Szilárd Póliska ◽  
Rita Rácz ◽  
Judit Bereczki ◽  
Kinga Lénárt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Hydra Vulgaris ◽  
Igf Signaling

Food availability and nest predation influence life history traits in Audouin's gull, Larus audouinii

Oecologia ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Oro ◽  
Roger Pradel ◽  
Jean-Dominique Lebreton
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Nest Predation ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Larus Audouinii

Phenotypic plasticity in gender specific life-history: effects of food availability and predation

Oikos ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Johannes Mikolajewski ◽  
Tomas Brodin ◽  
Frank Johansson ◽  
Gerrit Joop
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
History Effects ◽  
Gender Specific
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