scholarly journals Methodological Considerations for Using Fecal Glucocorticoid Metabolite Concentrations as an Indicator of Physiological Stress in the Brown Bear (Ursus arctos)

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-234
Author(s):  
Fredrik Dalerum ◽  
André Ganswindt ◽  
Rupert Palme ◽  
Chiara Bettega ◽  
María del Mar Delgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Brown Bear ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
Fecal Glucocorticoid

Brown Bear (Ursus arctos) Habitat Use and Food Resources on Elmendorf Air Force Base, Alaska

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean D. Farley ◽  
Herman Griese ◽  
Rick Sinnott ◽  
Jessica Coltrane ◽  
Chris Garner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Air Force ◽  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Brown Bear ◽  
Food Resources ◽  
Air Force Base

scholarly journals Using Landscape Change Analysis and Stakeholder Perspective to Identify Driving Forces of Human–Wildlife Interactions

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Mihai Mustățea ◽  
Ileana Pătru-Stupariu
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Change ◽  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Brown Bear ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Change Analysis ◽  
Local Stakeholders ◽  
Stakeholder Perspective ◽  
Forested Ecosystems ◽  
Forest Habitats

Human–wildlife interactions (HWI) were frequent in the post-socialist period in the mountain range of Central European countries where forest habitats suffered transitions into built-up areas. Such is the case of the Upper Prahova Valley from Romania. In our study, we hypothesized that the increasing number of HWI after 1990 could be a potential consequence of woodland loss. The goal of our study was to analyse the effects of landscape changes on HWI. The study consists of the next steps: (i) applying 450 questionnaires to local stakeholders (both citizens and tourists) in order to collect data regarding HWI temporal occurrences and potential triggering factors; (ii) investigating the relation between the two variables through the Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA); (iii) modelling the landscape spatial changes between 1990 and 2018 for identifying areas with forest loss; (iv) overlapping the distribution of both the households affected by HWI and areas with loss of forested ecosystems. The local stakeholders indicate that the problematic species are the brown bear (Ursus arctos), the wild boar (Sus scrofa), the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and the grey wolf (Canis lupus). The number of animal–human interactions recorded an upward trend between 1990 and 2018, and the most significant driving factors were the regulation of hunting practices, the loss of habitats, and artificial feeding. The landscape change analysis reveals that between 1990 and 2018, the forest habitats were replaced by built-up areas primarily on the outskirts of settlements, these areas coinciding with frequent HWI. The results are valid for both forest ecosystems conservation in the region, wildlife management, and human infrastructures durable spatial planning.

Plasma ochratoxin A in the European brown bear ( Ursus arctos L.) from Croatia

2017 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. S198
Author(s):  
Dubravka Rašić ◽  
Maja Lazarus ◽  
Đuro Huber ◽  
Slaven Reljić ◽  
Maja Peraica
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Brown Bear

scholarly journals Fallot's Tetralogy in a European Brown Bear (Ursus arctos)

2005 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 825-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Ågren ◽  
Arne Söderberg ◽  
Torsten Mörner
Keyword(s):  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Brown Bear ◽  
Fallot's Tetralogy ◽  
Fallot’S Tetralogy

scholarly journals Phenological synchronization disrupts trophic interactions between Kodiak brown bears and salmon

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (39) ◽  
pp. 10432-10437 ◽  
Author(s):  
William W. Deacy ◽  
Jonathan B. Armstrong ◽  
William B. Leacock ◽  
Charles T. Robbins ◽  
David D. Gustine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Brown Bear ◽  
Switching Behavior ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Trophic Resources ◽  
Energy Flows ◽  
Strength Of Interaction ◽  
Prey Interaction

Climate change is altering the seasonal timing of life cycle events in organisms across the planet, but the magnitude of change often varies among taxa [Thackeray SJ, et al. (2016) Nature 535:241–245]. This can cause the temporal relationships among species to change, altering the strength of interaction. A large body of work has explored what happens when coevolved species shift out of sync, but virtually no studies have documented the effects of climate-induced synchronization, which could remove temporal barriers between species and create novel interactions. We explored how a predator, the Kodiak brown bear (Ursus arctos middendorffi), responded to asymmetric phenological shifts between its primary trophic resources, sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) and red elderberry (Sambucus racemosa). In years with anomalously high spring air temperatures, elderberry fruited several weeks earlier and became available during the period when salmon spawned in tributary streams. Bears departed salmon spawning streams, where they typically kill 25–75% of the salmon [Quinn TP, Cunningham CJ, Wirsing AJ (2016) Oecologia 183:415–429], to forage on berries on adjacent hillsides. This prey switching behavior attenuated an iconic predator–prey interaction and likely altered the many ecological functions that result from bears foraging on salmon [Helfield JM, Naiman RJ (2006) Ecosystems 9:167–180]. We document how climate-induced shifts in resource phenology can alter food webs through a mechanism other than trophic mismatch. The current emphasis on singular consumer-resource interactions fails to capture how climate-altered phenologies reschedule resource availability and alter how energy flows through ecosystems.

scholarly journals Brown bear (Ursus arctos L.) in the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (14) ◽  
pp. 71-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Gashchak ◽  
◽  
Yevgenii Gulyaichenko ◽  
Nicholas A. Beresford ◽  
Michael D. Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Brown Bear ◽  
Exclusion Zone

scholarly journals The smell of success: Reproductive success related to rub behavior in brown bears

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0247964
Author(s):  
Andrea T. Morehouse ◽  
Anne E. Loosen ◽  
Tabitha A. Graves ◽  
Mark S. Boyce
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Scent Marking ◽  
Brown Bear ◽  
Parentage Analysis ◽  
Fitness Component ◽  
Brown Bears ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Rubbing Behavior ◽  
Insight Into

Several species of bears are known to rub deliberately against trees and other objects, but little is known about why bears rub. Patterns in rubbing behavior of male and female brown bears (Ursus arctos) suggest that scent marking via rubbing functions to communicate among potential mates or competitors. Using DNA from bear hairs collected from rub objects in southwestern Alberta from 2011–2014 and existing DNA datasets from Montana and southeastern British Columbia, we determined sex and individual identity of each bear detected. Using these data, we completed a parentage analysis. From the parentage analysis and detection data, we determined the number of offspring, mates, unique rub objects where an individual was detected, and sampling occasions during which an individual was detected for each brown bear identified through our sampling methods. Using a Poisson regression, we found a positive relationship between bear rubbing behavior and reproductive success; both male and female bears with a greater number of mates and a greater number of offspring were detected at more rub objects and during more occasions. Our results suggest a fitness component to bear rubbing, indicate that rubbing is adaptive, and provide insight into a poorly understood behaviour.

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