Modern Police Tactics, Police-Citizen Interactions, and the Prospects for Reform

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Mummolo
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Interactions ◽  
Police Tactics

scholarly journals Analyzing and Visualizing Government-Citizen Interactions on Twitter to Support Public Policy-making

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocío B. Hubert ◽  
Elsa Estevez ◽  
Ana Maguitman ◽  
Tomasz Janowski
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Public Policy Making ◽  
Citizen Interactions

DECENTRALIZATION AND THE LOCAL DEVELOPMENTAL STATE: PEASANT MOBILIZATION IN OROMIYA, ETHIOPIA

Africa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rony Emmenegger
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
National Politics ◽  
Grass Roots ◽  
Electoral Authoritarianism ◽  
Decentralization Policy ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Citizen Interactions ◽  
Political Understanding

ABSTRACTThis article explores the politics of decentralization and state–peasant encounters in rural Oromiya, Ethiopia. Breaking with a centralized past, the incumbent government of the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) committed itself to a decentralization policy in the early 1990s and has since then created a number of new sites for state–citizen interactions. In the context of electoral authoritarianism, however, decentralization has been interpreted as a means for the expansion of the party-state at the grass-roots level. Against this backdrop, this article attempts a more nuanced understanding of the complex entanglements between the closure of political space and faith in progress in local arenas. Hence, it follows sub-kebele institutions at the community level in a rural district and analyses their significance for state-led development and peasant mobilization between the 2005 and 2010 elections. Based on ethnographic field research, the empirical case presented discloses that decentralization and state-led development serve the expansion of state power into rural areas, but that state authority is simultaneously constituted and undermined in the course of this process. On that basis, this article aims to contribute to an inherently political understanding of decentralization, development and their entanglement in local and national politics in rural African societies.

A ‘conspicuous success’? Policing Liverpool and Manchester in July 1981

2019 ◽  
pp. 150-176
Author(s):  
Simon Peplow
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Police Response ◽  
The Government ◽  
Police Vehicles ◽  
Riot Control ◽  
Community Relationship ◽  
Police Tactics

This chapter examines some key policing developments of the 1980–1 disorders, focussing upon Toxteth, Liverpool and Moss Side, Manchester through interviews and original local records. Reaction to previous disturbances strengthened police tactics and riot control equipment, with this transformation demonstrated by the first use of CS gas within mainland Britain and suggestions of arming the police or mobilising the army; radical black groups even alleged the police instigated the July disorders to justify enhanced equipment and ‘stronger’ police tactics. In Moss Side, during a contentious meeting between local community organisations and the police, apparent advances in the police/community relationship were alleged to have actually been a ploy to justify a forceful police response to disorder, employing tactics modelled upon Northern Ireland examples – including using police vehicles to disperse crowds, and ‘snatch squads’ targeting influential participants. Authorities again framed disturbances around law and order, rather than addressing broader issues of racism, discrimination, or their economic and social policies; Manchester Chief Constable James Anderton’s actions were described by the government as a ‘conspicuous success’, but did little to improve poor police/black relations at the heart of spreading disturbances.

Police–community relations and cultural competency: Important means of countering violent extremism

2021 ◽  
pp. 139-152
Author(s):  
Myrna Lashley ◽  
Ghayda Hassan ◽  
Sara Thompson ◽  
Michael Chartrand ◽  
Serge Touzin
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Competence ◽  
Cultural Competency ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Community Relations ◽  
Cultural Variations ◽  
Security Officers ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Citizen Interactions ◽  
Police Community Relations

Cultural competency may be helpful to police in fighting violent extremism. Perceived cultural competency of security officers may directly affect citizens responses, especially individuals from vulnerable communities. Police often need to depend upon citizens’ cooperation to identify those who may be engaging in activities of violent extremism. Therefore, officers must be trained in cultural competency to help reduce feelings of citizen alienation. Participants from three Canadian cities completed an online survey concerning perceptions of police cultural competence in several areas, including national security. Results were discussed with focus groups. With cultural variations, citizens were mostly satisfied with police–citizen interactions. However, some felt they were singled out because of race and religion. Participants stated better police training in cultural competence would lead to greater police–citizen cooperation. All would contact police if the security of Canada were in danger. However, there are those who will never trust police.

Building an Infrastructure to Manage Electronic Services

2001 ◽  
pp. 71-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ake Gronlund
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Citizen Interactions ◽  
Stabilizing Factors ◽  
General Technical

For an organization to be able to deliver electronic services efficiently and professionally requires a “service infrastructure” including organizational solutions for logistics and customer (citizen) interactions. This chapter reviews a study covering three years of efforts by nine cities in eight European countries in developing such solutions. Generally, Web projects were seen as technical projects; though in fact issues pertaining to users and organization were most important, they were largely neglected. We found 12 distinct “challenges,” situations where the setting changed and the process was found in a stage of improvisation until new stability was achieved. The challenges fall into four categories, concerning users (4 challenges), organization (6), economy (1) and technology (1). We found that the overall process was largely unstructured and improvised. Stabilizing factors were central government policies (national, European Union), the general technical development, market demands and a cadre of Web agents” fostered within the organizations over years of Web projects. There was typically a missing infrastructure link, a body competent of managing the whole process of bundling services from different service providers and publishing them in a coherent fashion, providing support to service providers during the process of inventing, refining and evaluating services, improving operations and conducting the necessary but typically ignored activities of analysis of service quality and policy making. Our conclusion is that there is a great lack of strategic leadership in the field of electronic services in local governments in Europe. This is a big problem considering the importance of that sector and the challenges it is facing.

“The Camera Rolls”

2012 ◽  
Vol 642 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikki Jones ◽  
Geoffrey Raymond
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Citizen Interactions

This article draws on one citizen’s efforts to document daily life in his neighborhood. The authors describe the potential benefits of third-party video—videos that people who are not social scientists have recorded and preserved—to social science research. Excerpts from a collection of police-citizen interactions illustrate key points likely to confront researchers who use third-party video. The authors address two important questions: How might the presence of a video camera affect the unfolding of interactions that are recorded in third-party videos? and How might the perspective of the videographer influence the production and preservation of these records and, in turn, what influence might this standpoint have on our analysis of the data? The authors argue that, given the ubiquity of handheld video recording devices, social scientists should develop systematic approaches to using video created by others as both a cultural record and as data.

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