scholarly journals The Han-Minority Achievement Gap, Language, and Returns to Schools in Rural China

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfan Yang ◽  
Huan Wang ◽  
Linxiu Zhang ◽  
Sean Sylvia ◽  
Renfu Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Achievement Gap ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Minority Achievement ◽  
Minority Achievement Gap

Recursive Processes in Self-Affirmation: Intervening to Close the Minority Achievement Gap

Science ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 324 (5925) ◽  
pp. 400-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Cohen ◽  
J. Garcia ◽  
V. Purdie-Vaughns ◽  
N. Apfel ◽  
P. Brzustoski
Keyword(s):  
Achievement Gap ◽  
Minority Achievement ◽  
Minority Achievement Gap

scholarly journals Classroom, media and church: explainng the achievement differences in civic knowledge in bilingual school system of Estonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaire Põder ◽  
Triin Lauri
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Achievement Gap ◽  
School System ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Minority Achievement ◽  
School Students ◽  
Russian School ◽  
Civic Knowledge ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Bilingual School

AbstractThis study investigates civic and citizenship education in a unique post-Communist context–in the bilingual education system of Estonia. Estonia continues to have a bilingual school system where there are Estonian and Russian language schools in parallel. While Estonian language school students are ranked very high in international comparisons, there is a significant difference between the achievement of Estonian and Russian language school students. We claim that this minority achievement gap in the performance of civic and citizenship knowledge is in addition to family background characteristics explained by behavioral and attitudinal factors that are moderated by the school language. Behavioral and attitudinal independent variables that we consider relevant in our analysis are classroom climate, trust in various media channels, and students’ beliefs in the influence of religion. We rely on hierarchical modeling to capture the embedded data and aim to explain how the different layers (school- and student level) interact and impact civic knowledge. We show that an open classroom is beneficial to students and part of the gap can be explained by Russian school students’ lower involvement in such practices. The strength of the belief in the influence of religion, on the contrary, is hurting students, despite that the negative effect is smaller for minority students there is a higher aggregate negative effect of it and therefore it also contributes to the minority achievement gap. Media trust indicators explain the gap marginally while the high trust of social media hurts students’ civic knowledge scores–still more Russian school students trust social media more than Estonian school students.

Eliminating the Achievement Gap: The 21ST Century Program

1997 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 28-29
Author(s):  
Mary L. Hummel
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Achievement Gap ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Support Services ◽  
At Risk Students ◽  
University Of Michigan ◽  
Minority Achievement ◽  
University Life ◽  
Minority Interests ◽  
The University

According to professor of psychology Claude Steele, practices such as support services for so-called at-risk students and the sidelining of minority interests in university life can actually undermine minority achievement. So what helps promote it? The answer for Steele and other educators at the University of Michigan is to raise expectations for all students. This is the philosophy behind the 21st Century Program.

Validity of Proxy-Based Reports of Impulsivity and Aggression in Chinese Research on Suicidal Behavior

Crisis ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing An ◽  
Michael R. Phillips ◽  
Kenneth R. Conner
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
Barratt Impulsiveness Scale ◽  
Single Location ◽  
Aggression Questionnaire ◽  
Community Controls

Background: In studies about the risk factors for suicidal behavior, the assessment of impulsiveness and aggression often depend on information from proxy informants. Aims: To assess the validity of proxy informants’ reports on impulsiveness and aggression in China. Methods: Modified Chinese versions of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-CV) and the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (AQ-CV) were administered to 131 suicide attempters treated at a hospital in rural China, to coresident relatives about the attempters, to 131 matched community controls, and to coresident relatives about the controls. Results: BIS-CV and AQ-CV total scores and subscale scores were all significantly higher for suicide attempters than for matched controls. Proxy informants considered subjects slightly more impulsive and aggressive than the subjects reported themselves. Subject-proxy concordance for total BIS-CV and AQ-CV scores were excellent for both attempters and controls (ICCs = 0.76–0.83). Concordance for the three BIS-CV subscales was 0.74–0.81 for attempters and 0.74–0.83 for controls. Concordance for the five AQ-CV subscales was 0.66–0.85 for attempters and 0.56–0.82 for controls. Limitations: Results are based on respondents from a single location in rural China. Conclusions: The results support the validity of the BIS-CV and AQ-CV and of research on suicidal behavior in China that uses proxy-based reports of impulsiveness and aggression.

Physical Illness and Suicide Risk in Rural Residents of Contemporary China

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 330-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cun-Xian Jia ◽  
Lin-Lin Wang ◽  
Ai-Qiang Xu ◽  
Ai-Ying Dai ◽  
Ping Qin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Physical Illness ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Population

Background: Physical illness is linked with an increased risk of suicide; however, evidence from China is limited. Aims: To assess the influence of physical illness on risk of suicide among rural residents of China, and to examine the differences in the characteristics of people completing suicide with physical illness from those without physical illness. Method: In all, 200 suicide cases and 200 control subjects, 1:1 pair-matched on sex and age, were included from 25 townships of three randomly selected counties in Shandong Province, China. One informant for each suicide or control subject was interviewed to collect data on the physical health condition and psychological and sociodemographic status. Results: The prevalence of physical illness in suicide cases (63.0%) was significantly higher than that in paired controls (41.0%; χ2 = 19.39, p < .001). Compared with suicide cases without physical illness, people who were physically ill and completed suicide were generally older, less educated, had lower family income, and reported a mental disorder less often. Physical illness denoted a significant risk factor for suicide with an associated odds ratio of 3.23 (95% CI: 1.85–5.62) after adjusted for important covariates. The elevated risk of suicide increased progressively with the number of comorbid illnesses. Cancer, stroke, and a group of illnesses comprising dementia, hemiplegia, and encephalatrophy had a particularly strong effect among the commonly reported diagnoses in this study population. Conclusion: Physical illness is an important risk factor for suicide in rural residents of China. Efforts for suicide prevention are needed and should be integrated with national strategies of health care in rural China.

Stereotype Threat and the Social and Scientific Contexts of the Race Achievement Gap.

2005 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey L. Cohen ◽  
David K. Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Achievement Gap ◽  
Stereotype Threat ◽  
The Social
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document