Body-Condition Indices Are Repeatable across Short, but Not Long, Time Periods in Crimson FinchesNeochmia phaeton

2014 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 550-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Milenkaya ◽  
S. Legge ◽  
J. R. Walters
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Condition Indices

scholarly journals Modeling and Simulation of Sky Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7584
Author(s):  
Kun Hu ◽  
Hongfei Wang ◽  
Wenzhao Zhang ◽  
Yuohua Xu ◽  
Shengmao He
Keyword(s):  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Scheduling Algorithm ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Scientific Output ◽  
Mission Planning ◽  
Design Algorithm ◽  
Sky Survey ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Design Ideas

Sky surveys with wide and deep field are the key direction of international astronomy research for the next decades. It is worthwhile to study how to design a sky survey algorithm to obtain the maximum scientific output in a limited period of observation. In this paper, the modeling and simulation of a wide and deep sky survey mission are presented using a Staged Design Algorithm (SDA), which takes into account the inefficient time periods and difficult-to-observe sky areas. In order to ensure the effective completion of the long-time survey observation tasks in large sky areas, a two-stage scheduling algorithm is designed. Firstly, the inefficient time periods and difficult observation areas are scheduled, and then the overall observation is carried out. The prearranged schedule is arranged when inefficient time periods or difficult areas are encountered during the overall arrangement. The simulation results are verified on the basic data of the China Space Station Telescope (CSST), and the obtained simulation result is three years ahead of the target of the telescope design to complete the wide and deep sky survey of 15,000 deg2. The design ideas in this paper not only have good results for sky survey observation but also can be extended to similar satellite Earth observation mission planning.

Spatial and temporal variation in abundance, group size and behaviour of bottlenose dolphins in the Florida coastal Everglades

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 1097-1107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin E. Sarabia ◽  
Michael R. Heithaus ◽  
Jeremy J. Kiszka
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphins ◽  
Ecosystem Restoration ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Coastal Oceans ◽  
Inland Bays ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Ecological Importance

Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) are abundant in many coastal ecosystems, including the coastal Everglades. Understanding spatial and temporal variation in their abundance and group sizes is important for estimating their potential ecological importance and predicting how environmental changes (e.g. ecosystem restoration) might impact their populations. From August 2010 to June 2012, we completed a total of 67 belt transects covering a total of 2650 linear km and an area of 1232 km2. Dolphin densities varied spatially and temporally. The highest densities of dolphins were found in coastal oceans and inland bays and were lowest in rivers. Use of rivers, however, increased during the dry season while densities in other habitats remained similar across seasons. Dolphins appeared to prefer portions of bays close to mangrove-covered islands over open waters. A resighting rate of 63.6% of individuals across the 2-year study suggests that at least a portion of the population is probably resident within study regions over long time periods. The largest groups (mean 6.28, range 1–31) were found in open waters and bays despite apparently low predation pressure. Indeed, shark bite scars – likely the result of unsuccessful predation attempts – were conclusively observed on only 1% of individuals. Although further studies are warranted, the high densities of dolphins suggest that they are an important upper trophic level predator in the coastal Everglades, but their ecological importance probably varies in space and time.

scholarly journals Are stock returns an inflation hedge for the UK? Evidence from a wavelet analysis using over three centuries of data

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aviral Kumar Tiwari ◽  
Juncal Cunado ◽  
Rangan Gupta ◽  
Mark E. Wohar
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Wavelet Analysis ◽  
Stock Returns ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Inflation Rates ◽  
The Us ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This paper analyzes the relationship between stock returns and the inflation rates for the UK over a long time period (February 1790–February 2017) and at different frequencies, by employing a wavelet analysis. We also compare the results for the UK economy with those for the US and two developing countries (India and South Africa). Overall, our results tend to suggest that, while the relationship between stock returns and inflation rates varies across frequencies and time periods, there is no evidence of stock returns acting as an inflation hedge, irrespective of whether we look at the two developed or the two developing markets in our sample.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Rachel Kahn Best
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Contentious Politics ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
Or Organization

For more than a century, disease campaigns have been the causes Americans ask their neighbors to donate to and the issues that inspire them to march and volunteer. Studies of social movements, interest groups, agenda setting, and social problems tend to focus on contentious politics and study one movement or organization at a time. But these approaches cannot reveal why disease campaigns are the battles Americans can agree to fight, why some diseases attract more attention than others, and how fighting one disease at a time changes charity and public policy. Understanding the causes and effects of disease campaigns, requires studying consensus politics and collecting data on fields of organizations over long time periods.

Description of My Model

2019 ◽  
pp. 56-59
Author(s):  
Andrew Smithers
Keyword(s):  
Capital Stock ◽  
Full Employment ◽  
Quality Improvements ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Us ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Civilian Employment ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Employment Quality

The volume of the capital stock is defined as the original cost at constant prices of all tangible capital that has not been scrapped. Due to the poor data available for the UK my calculations and testing have had to be limited to the US. The volume of labour is defined as civilian employment. Quality improvements for both labour and capital are defined as being part of TFP. TFP is under conditions of full employment and must therefore be measured over long time periods. All growth comes from TFP, changes in labour and NTVs. The change in the volume of capital less the change in the volume of labour equals the change in NTVs and the balance is that from changes in technology (TFP). NTV is exogenous in aggregate. The value of the capital stock, but not its volume, is mean-reverting.

Comparing three body condition indices in amphibians: a case study of yellow-bellied toad Bombina variegata

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 558-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodica Plăiaşu ◽  
Tibor Hartel ◽  
Raluca Ioana Băncilă ◽  
Dan Cogălniceanu ◽  
Joost Smets
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Direct Measurements ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bombina Variegata ◽  
Condition Indices ◽  
Three Body

AbstractBody condition is important because it is correlated with population and habitat quality parameters. Since the direct measurements are either lethal or unreliable, a wide range of non-lethal body condition indices has been proposed. The aim of our study was to apply and compare three body condition indices (Fulton's index, relative body condition mass index and residual index) using body size indicator – body mass data for 24 populations of the yellow bellied toad (Bombina variegata). The condition index should be independent of body size indicator, in this case snout vent length (SVL). Therefore we tested all three indices for the statistical independence of SVL and for the normality of distribution. Fulton's index violated the independence assumption, whereas the relative body condition mass index did not have a normal distribution. Residual index was found both independent of SVL and normally distributed. Moreover, the residual index highlighted biological significant differences on the basis of altitude and season. Our results recommend the residual index as a useful tool in amphibian monitoring and conservation.

scholarly journals Protecting Related Creations to Fashion in the Framework of Literary and Artistic Property Rights of Iran and France

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Sattar Zarkalam ◽  
Amin Rooholamini
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Fashion Industry ◽  
French Law ◽  
Industrial Property ◽  
Iranian Law ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Time Periods

In today’s world where the process of development and the industry is evolving more rapidly than expected, the legal notions are going forward on their compliance in line with these developments. The increasing development of intellectual property rights and their samples is an example of this change. One of the most important issues and instances of this tendency in legal rights is associated with fashion productions and creations. France, as one of the greatest leading country in fashion industry since long time ago, has legally protected the dress and beautiful creations in the intellectual property rules and in the different time periods, under the various titles, including the drawings and models rights, industrial property rights, literary and artistic property rights. French jurisprudence has broadly interpreted the concept of the fashion industry and consequently, the dress and beauty creations that have evolved not only the goods, but all parties involved in the production of the fashion industry. In Iranian law also, although there is no progress in this field compared to French law, with an optimistic interpretation of the rules of its intellectual property, it can be associated with Droit d'-auteur rules in addition to the industrial property rights under different titles such as design and drawings, Applied artwork, folklore etc.

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