scholarly journals Linking Life-History Traits, Ecology, and Niche Breadth Evolution in North American Eriogonoids (Polygonaceae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 182 (6) ◽  
pp. 760-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kostikova ◽  
Glenn Litsios ◽  
Nicolas Salamin ◽  
Peter B. Pearman
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
North American ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Niche Breadth

scholarly journals Geographic range velocity and its association with phylogeny and life history traits in North American woody plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 2632-2644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G. Harnik ◽  
Hafiz Maherali ◽  
Joshua H. Miller ◽  
Paul S. Manos
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
North American ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Geographic Range

Life histories of North American game birds: a reanalysis

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 1906-1912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd W. Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
North American ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Reproductive Effort ◽  
Cost Of Reproduction ◽  
Reproductive Value ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Game Birds ◽  
The Cost

Recently, Zammuto (R. M. Zammuto. 1986. Can. J. Zool. 64: 2739–2749) suggested that North American game birds exhibited survival–fecundity trade-offs consistent with the "cost of reproduction" hypothesis. However, there were four serious problems with the data and the analyses that Zammuto used: (i) the species chosen for analysis ("game birds") showed little taxonomic or ecological uniformity, (ii) the measures of future reproductive value (maximum longevity) were severely biased by unequal sample sizes of band recoveries, (iii) the measures of current reproductive effort (clutch sizes) were inappropriate given that most of the birds analyzed produce self-feeding precocial offspring, and (iv) the statistical units used in the majority of analyses (species) were not statistically independent with respect to higher level taxonomy. After correcting these problems, I found little evidence of survival–fecundity trade-offs among precocial game birds, and I attribute most of the explainable variation in life-history traits of these birds to allometry, phylogeny, and geography.

Pre-hatch and post-hatch brood amalgamation in North American Anatidae: a review of hypotheses

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 1709-1721 ◽  
Author(s):  
John McA. Eadie ◽  
F. Patrick Kehoe ◽  
Thomas D. Nudds
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
North American ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Evolutionary Significance ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Alternative Hypotheses ◽  
Brood Amalgamation

Two forms of brood amalgamation occur frequently in several species of North American waterfowl: (i) pre-hatch brood amalgamation, whereby a female lays her eggs in the nest of another female and the recipient thereafter provides all further care of the eggs and resulting offspring, and (ii) post-hatch brood amalgamation, whereby a female abandons or loses her young to another female after hatch, and the recipient subsequently tends the foster young. Some authors have viewed these behaviours as accidental or aberrant and of little evolutionary significance. More recently, a number of alternative hypotheses have been suggested. However, few of these hypotheses have been contrasted as viable alternatives and tested in the field, largely because an appropriate theoretical framework is lacking. We analyze the frequency of occurrence of brood amalgamation in North American anatids. We also review the hypotheses that have been proposed to explain these behaviours and erect a theoretical framework which applies to the evolution of both pre-hatch and post-hatch brood amalgamation, and which may apply to species other than those of the Anatidae. Finally, we show that the occurrence of brood amalgamation in North American waterfowl may be associated with low relative resource availability and K-type life-history traits.

Life histories of birds: clutch size, longevity, and body mass among North American game birds

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 2739-2749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Zammuto
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Clutch Size ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
North American ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Game Birds

Clutch size, longevity, and body mass data for 54 North American game birds were extracted from the literature to test the hypothesis that a trade-off exists between fecundity and survival among avian species. Species with larger clutch sizes live shorter lives than species with smaller clutch sizes (r = −0.38, n = 54, P < 0.01). This relationship still holds when the effects of body mass are removed (r = −0.34, 51 df, P < 0.05), indicating that the relationship is not simply a function of body mass. This latter finding is inconsistent with previous life-history studies, perhaps because previous researchers did not attempt to remove body mass effects from their life-history investigations. Results are similar (P < 0.05) when mean values of life-history traits are examined at the generic level. However, no relationships (P > 0.05) among mean values of life-history traits occur at any taxonomic level higher than genus or when species are grouped with respect to feeding habits. This might be the result of low sample size. I conclude that the evolution of clutch size is influenced by longevity, or vice versa, among species and genera of North American game birds.

On the analysis of life-history traits of North American game birds

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 1904-1905
Author(s):  
David C. Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Clutch Size ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
North American ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Game Birds ◽  
Selection Of Species ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Mass Problems

Zammuto (R. M. Zammuto. 1986. Can. J. Zool. 64: 2739–2749) analyzed life-history traits among North American game birds and concluded that there was an inverse relationship between clutch size and longevity, independent of body mass. Problems with his selection of species, method of comparison, and estimate of longevity are pointed out, and it is suggested that his conclusion was premature.

Life History Variations of Anadromous Cisco (Coregonus artedii), Lake Whitefish (C. clupeaformis), and Round Whitefish (Prosopium cylindraceum) Populations of Eastern James–Hudson Bay

1982 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 958-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roderick Morin ◽  
Julian J. Dodson ◽  
Geoffrey Power
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
North American ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Reproductive Effort ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Lake Whitefish ◽  
The North ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
Coregonus Artedii

Differences in life history among three species of anadromous coregonines from La Grande River, James Bay, were significant with lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) and round whitefish (Prosopium cylindraceum) displaying reproductive patterns more typical of harsh northern environments and characteristic of "K-selection," relative to cisco (Coregonus artedii). Interspecific differences at La Grande River were more apparent than intraspecific differences in life history traits of cisco and lake whitefish over the James–Hudson Bay range. Although cisco exhibit decreasing reproductive effort independent of growth over the North American range, thus conforming to life history theory, both growth and reproductive effort are reduced northwards over their James–Hudson Bay range. The observations suggest that physiological constraints related to the shorter growing season at the northern limit of cisco's coastal Hudson Bay range may overwhelm expected coadapted life history traits. Lake whitefish exhibit reduced reproductive effort independent of variations in growth northwards over their North American and James–Hudson Bay coastal range; this suggests coadaptation of life history traits that permit survival at northern sites.Key words: reproduction, growth, life history theory, anadromous coregonines, James–Hudson Bay

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