scholarly journals Discontinuation of Reflex Testing of Stool Samples for Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci Resulted in Increased Prevalence

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 838-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandy Bodily ◽  
Kathleen M. McMullen ◽  
Anthony J. Russo ◽  
Nupur D. Kittur ◽  
Joan Hoppe-Bauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Hospital Costs ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Reflex Testing ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Discontinuation of reflex testing of stool submitted forClostridium difficiletesting for vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) led to an increase in the number of patients with healthcare-associated VRE bacteremia and bacteriuria (0.21 vs 0.36 cases per 1,000 patient-days;P< .01). Cost-benefit analysis showed reflex screening and isolation of VRE reduced hospital costs.

scholarly journals Discontinuation of Reflex Testing of Stool Samples for Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci Resulted in Increased Prevalence

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. e198
Author(s):  
Kathleen McMullen ◽  
Mandy Bodily ◽  
Kathleen McMullen ◽  
Anthony Russo ◽  
Joan Hoppe-Bauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Reflex Testing ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

scholarly journals Reinstatement of Reflex Testing of Stool Samples for Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci (VRE) Resulted in Decreased Incidence of Hospital-Associated VRE

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 619-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish Munigala ◽  
Kathleen M. McMullen ◽  
Anthony J. Russo ◽  
S. Reza Jafarzadeh ◽  
Joan Hoppe-Bauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Reflex Testing ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

A Cost-Benefit Analysis of an Overseas Volunteer Mission to the Local Healthcare System

2021 ◽  
pp. 000313482199868
Author(s):  
Mahir Gachabayov ◽  
Lulejeta A. Latifi ◽  
Renato Rivera ◽  
Fancy S. Baluyot ◽  
Rifat Latifi
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Local Healthcare ◽  
Over Time

Background The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the sustainability and cost-benefit of the Operation Giving Back Bohol surgical volunteerism mission (SVM) carried out in Bohol Province, Philippines, over twelve consecutive missions. Methods This was a cost-benefit analysis of prospectively collected financial data from twelve consecutive surgical volunteerism missions held between 2006 and 2018. The overall cost of an SVM and cost per patient were the endpoints of interest. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and costs thereof were calculated for each patient undergoing surgery in the twelve SVMs. Results A mean of 112 ± 22 patients were included per year of the SVM. A statistically significant increasing trend in the overall cost of SVMs over time was found ( R2 = .469; P = .014). A nonsignificant decreasing trend in the cost per patient over time was found ( R2 = .007; P = .795). A total of 8811.71 DALYs were averted in the twelve SVMs. DALYs averted per year ranged between 474.02 (2009) and 969.16 (2012). Cost per a DALY averted ranged between $466.9 (2006) and $865.6 (2009). Comparison of the latter with GDP per capita showed that this SVM was “very cost-effective.” Conclusion The SVM contributes substantially to the health care system both clinically and financially. A total of 8812 DALYs were averted in these twelve SVMs. Costs per a DALY averted did not significantly change over the mission years. Increasing the number of patients served has increased the total cost of the mission with no impact on the cost per patient.

scholarly journals Both Oral Metronidazole and Oral Vancomycin Promote Persistent Overgrowth of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci during Treatment of Clostridium difficile-Associated Disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 2403-2406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wafa N. Al-Nassir ◽  
Ajay K. Sethi ◽  
Yuejin Li ◽  
Michael J. Pultz ◽  
Michelle M. Riggs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Oral Vancomycin ◽  
The Past ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Vancomycin Treatment ◽  
Oral Metronidazole

ABSTRACT For treatment of mild to moderate Clostridium difficile-associated disease (CDAD), oral metronidazole has been recommended as the preferred agent, in part due to concern that vancomycin may be more likely to promote colonization by vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). We performed a prospective observational study to examine the effects of oral metronidazole or vancomycin treatment of CDAD on acquisition and concentration of VRE stool colonization. Before, during, and after 90 courses of CDAD therapy, stool samples were cultured for VRE, and the concentrations were quantified. Eighty-seven subjects (97%) had received antibiotics within the past month. For 56 treatment courses in which preexisting VRE colonization was present, metronidazole (n = 37 courses) and vancomycin (n = 19 courses), each promoted persistent VRE overgrowth during therapy, and the concentration decreased significantly in both groups by ∼2 weeks after completion of treatment (P <0.049). For 34 treatment courses in which baseline cultures were negative for VRE, new detection of VRE stool colonization occurred during 3 (14%) of the 22 courses of metronidazole and 1 (8%) of the 12 courses of vancomycin (P = 1.0). These results demonstrate that both oral metronidazole and oral vancomycin promote the overgrowth of VRE during treatment of CDAD. New CDAD treatments are needed that are less likely to disrupt the intestinal microflora and promote overgrowth of healthcare-associated pathogens.

A comparison of two different services treating schizophrenia: a cost–benefit approach

1980 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Jones ◽  
David Goldberg ◽  
Beverley Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Hospital Costs ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
District General Hospital ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Unit Costs ◽  
Rehabilitation Facilities ◽  
The Cost

SYNOPSISThis study compares the clinical and social outcome for 2 cohorts of patients who had a first admission for schizophrenia 4 years earlier. One cohort was treated in a psychiatric unit attached to a teaching district general hospital (DGH(T)), while the other was treated at an area mental hospital (AMH) with modern rehabilitation facilities. The clinical outcome for the 2 cohorts was broadly similar, but the DGH(T) imposed less of a strain on relatives, and was associated with less unmet need. The DGH unit tended to have significantly shorter durations of stay for its patients, so that its total hospital costs were less than those for the AMH despite higher unit costs. The cost benefit analysis shows that, where these particular patients are concerned, the DGH(T) unit is economically superior to the AMH despite the fact that it supports a large teaching staff, and that these economic advantages are accompanied by various non-monetary advantages.

The Use of Cost-Benefit Analysis for Evaluating Efficiency of Public Investment Projects (The Case of Sochi-2014 Winter Olympic Games)

2011 ◽  
pp. 57-78
Author(s):  
I. Pilipenko
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Investment Efficiency ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
The Usa

The paper analyzes shortcomings of economic impact studies based mainly on input- output models that are often employed in Russia as well as abroad. Using studies about sport events in the USA and Olympic Games that took place during the last 30 years we reveal advantages of the cost-benefit analysis approach in obtaining unbiased assessments of public investments efficiency; the step-by-step method of cost-benefit analysis is presented in the paper as well. We employ the project of Sochi-2014 Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games in Russia to evaluate its efficiency using cost-benefit analysis for five accounts (areas of impact), namely government, households, environment, economic development, and social development, and calculate the net present value of the project taking into account its possible alternatives. In conclusion we suggest several policy directions that would enhance public investment efficiency within the Sochi-2014 Olympics.

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