Margaret J. Osler. Reconfiguring the World: Nature, God, and Human Understanding from the Middle Ages to Early Modern Europe. x + 184 pp., illus., index. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2010. $25 (paper).

Isis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 749-750
Author(s):  
Peter Harrison
Author(s):  
Natalie Spagnuolo

Goodey, C. F. A History of Intelligence and “Intellectual Disability”: The Shaping of Psychology in Early Modern Europe (New York: Routledge, 2011).Goodey, C.F. Learning Disability and Inclusion Phobia: Past, Present, Future (New York: Routledge, 2016).Metzler, Irina. Fools and Idiots? Intellectual Disability in the Middle Ages (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2016).


2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER BURKE

This article argues that European vernaculars were in closer contact with one another and with languages spoken outside Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries than they had been in the Middle Ages, when Latin dominated written communication. Increased contact led to borrowing, mixing and hybridization, some of it highly self-conscious (as in the case of ‘macaronic’ poetry and drama). Mixing in turn led to a ‘purist’ reaction, first in the case of Latin and then in the case of vernaculars such as Italian, French, German, Dutch and even – to a lesser extent – English.


2021 ◽  
pp. 193-206
Author(s):  
Paul Milliman

This article analyses the decline and fall of most forms of Roman spectacle in Late Antiquity, as the empire contracted in some places and collapsed in others. It explores the evolution and development of various other spectacles—especially equestrian games like tournaments, hunting, and palii—in Rome’s medieval and early modern Latin, Byzantine, and Islamic successor societies, which shared many of the characteristics of ancient spectacle in terms of function if not necessarily form. It also examines the privatization of public spectacle and sites of spectacle in the Middle Ages, as well as the enduring impact of the images of Roman spectacle—especially those associated with the hippodrome in Constantinople—as expressions of political power in medieval and early modern Europe.


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