Hepatitis B Vaccination Coverage and Documented Seroprotection among Matriculating Healthcare Students at an Academic Institution in the United States

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 818-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rania A. Tohme ◽  
Bruce Ribner ◽  
Michael J. Huey ◽  
Philip R. Spradling
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
The United States ◽  
Academic Institution ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Healthcare Students ◽  
Healthcare Settings

We evaluated hepatitis B vaccination coverage and documentation of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) concentration among a cohort of healthcare students. Of 4,075 students, 59.8% had documentation of vaccination and 83.8% had anti-HBs concentration greater than or equal to 10 mIU/mL. Documenting hepatitis B vaccination and anti-HBs concentration among healthcare students is needed to prevent transmission in healthcare settings.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B vaccination coverage and risk factors associated with incomplete vaccination of children born to hepatitis B surface antigen-positive mothers, Denmark, 2006 to 2010

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asja Kunoee ◽  
Jens Nielsen ◽  
Susan Cowan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Universal Screening ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Chronic Hbv

In Denmark, universal screening of pregnant women for hepatitis B has been in place since November 2005, with the first two years as a trial period with enhanced surveillance. It is unknown what the change to universal screening without enhanced surveillance has meant for vaccination coverage among children born to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive mothers and what risk factors exist for incomplete vaccination. This retrospective cohort study included 699 children of mothers positive for HBsAg. Information on vaccination and risk factors was collected from central registers. In total, 93% (651/699) of the children were vaccinated within 48 hours of birth, with considerable variation between birthplaces. Only 64% (306/475) of the children had received all four vaccinations through their general practitioner (GP) at the age of two years, and 10% (47/475) of the children had received no hepatitis B vaccinations at all. Enhanced surveillance was correlated positively with coverage of birth vaccination but not with coverage at the GP. No or few prenatal examinations were a risk factor for incomplete vaccination at the GP. Maternity wards and GPs are encouraged to revise their vaccination procedures and routines for pregnant women, mothers with chronic HBV infection and their children.

Prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen among refugees entering the United States between 2006 and 2008

Hepatology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Rein ◽  
Sarah B. Lesesne ◽  
Ann O'Fallon ◽  
Cindy M. Weinbaum
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
The United States

Hepatitis B Vaccination Coverage Levels Among Healthcare Workers in the United States, 2002-2003

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 783-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar P. Simard ◽  
Jeremy T. Miller ◽  
Prethibha A. George ◽  
Annemarie Wasley ◽  
Miriam J. Alter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
American Hospital ◽  
American Hospital Association

Background.Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a well recognized risk for healthcare workers (HCWs), and routine vaccination of HCWs has been recommended since 1982. By 1995, the level of vaccination coverage among HCWs was only 67%.Objective.To obtain an accurate estimate of hepatitis B vaccination coverage levels among HCWs and to describe the hospital characteristics and hepatitis B vaccination policies associated with various coverage levels.Design.Cross-sectional survey.Methods.A representative sample of 425 of 6,116 American Hospital Association member hospitals was selected to participate, using probability-proportional-to-size methods during 2002-2003. The data collected included information regarding each hospital's hepatitis B vaccination policies. Vaccination coverage levels were estimated from a systematic sample of 25 HCWs from each hospital whose medical records were reviewed for demographic and vaccination data. The main outcome measure was hepatitis B vaccination coverage levels.Results.Among at-risk HCWs, 75% had received 3 or more doses of the hepatitis B vaccine, corresponding to an estimated 2.5 million vaccinated hospital-based HCWs. The coverage level was 81% among staff physicians and nurses. Compared with nurses, coverage was significantly lower among phlebotomists (71.1%) and nurses' aides and/or other patient care staff (70.9%; P < .05). Hepatitis B vaccination coverage was highest among white HCWs (79.5%) and lowest among black HCWs (67.6%; P < .05). Compared with HCWs who worked in hospitals that required vaccination only of HCWs with identified risk for exposure to blood or other potentially infectious material, hepatitis B vaccination coverage was significantly lower among HCWs who worked in hospitals that required vaccination of HCWs without identified risk for exposure to blood or other potentially infectious material (76.6% vs 62.4%; P < .05).Conclusions.In the United States, an estimated 75% of HCWs have been vaccinated against hepatitis B. Important differences in coverage levels exist among various demographic groups. Hospitals need to identify methods to improve hepatitis B vaccination coverage levels and should consider developing targeted vaccination programs directed at unvaccinated, at-risk HCWs who have frequent or potential exposure to blood or other potentially infectious material.

scholarly journals Estimating Annual Births to Hepatitis B Surface Antigen–Positive Women in the United States by Using Data on Maternal Country of Birth

2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaya Koneru ◽  
Sarah Schillie ◽  
Henry Roberts ◽  
Barry Sirotkin ◽  
Nancy Fenlon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
The United States ◽  
Country Of Birth ◽  
Hbsag Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Objective: A national estimate of births to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)–positive women can help public health programs plan surveillance, educational, and outreach activities to improve identification and management of at-risk women and infants. Stratifying mothers by country of birth allows for the application of region-specific HBsAg prevalence estimates, which can more precisely estimate the number of at-risk infants. The objective of our study was to estimate the number of births to HBsAg-positive women in the United States with more granularity than previous models. Methods: We developed a model that incorporated maternal country of birth (MCOB) and updated HBsAg prevalence estimates. We assessed birth certificate data by MCOB, and we stratified US-born mothers by race/ethnicity, US territory–born mothers by territory, and non–US-born mothers by region. We multiplied and summed data in each subcategory by using HBsAg prevalence estimates calculated from the 2009-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys or Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program. We compared the findings of our MCOB model with a race/ethnicity model. Results: In 2015, an estimated 20 678 infants were born to HBsAg-positive women in the United States, representing 0.5% of all births. Births to US-born and non–US-born women comprised 77.2% and 21.5% of all births, respectively, and 40.1% and 57.9% of estimated births to HBsAg-positive women, respectively. The estimated contribution of births to HBsAg-positive women varied by MCOB region, from 4 (0.03%) infants born to women from Australia/Oceania to 5795 (28.0%) infants born to women from East Asia. Our MCOB model estimated 5666 fewer births to HBsAg-positive women than did the race/ethnicity model. Conclusions: As global vaccine programs reduce HBsAg prevalence, the MCOB model can incorporate evolving HBsAg prevalence estimates for women from various regions of the world.

scholarly journals Blood donor testing for hepatitis B virus in the United States: is there a case for continuation of hepatitis B surface antigen detection?

Transfusion ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 2166-2170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Y. Dodd ◽  
Megan L. Nguyen ◽  
David E. Krysztof ◽  
Edward P. Notari ◽  
Susan L. Stramer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Blood Donor ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
The United States ◽  
Antigen Detection ◽  
B Virus

scholarly journals 1066. Immune Escape Mutant Detection Using Commercially Available Methods for Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Serological Testing

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S562-S562
Author(s):  
Robert Gish ◽  
Vincent Streva
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Panel Member ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Review Panel ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Escape Mutants

Abstract Background Although overall infection rates of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the United States (US) remain stable, as many as 2.2 million persons are still chronically infected with Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)1. Persons who inject drugs (PWID) are at a higher risk of HBV infection and since 2009 three states (KY, TN, WV) have reported up to a 114% increase in cases of acute HBV infection due to higher infection rates among a non-Hispanic white populations (30–39 years), and injection drug users2. Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended as primary prevention for adults who are at increased risk for HBV infection, including PWID. However, data from the National Health Interview Survey indicate that hepatitis B vaccination coverage is low among adults in the general population3, and it is likely to be lower among injection drug users. Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) is the first serological marker to appear after HBV exposure and infection; this marker is included in the recommended panel for acute hepatitis diagnosis and accurate detection is necessary for early and accurate diagnosis. Serological testing challenges exist for HBsAg due to the high degree of genetic variability which can further be exacerbated by endogenous and exogenous pressures. The immuno-dominant region may have one or more mutations described as immune escape mutations which can decrease or abrogate HBsAg binding to antibodies used in immunoassays. Although the prevalence of these mutations is not well documented in the United States, international studies have shown that up to 79% of HBV-reactivated patients (vs 3.1% of control patients; p&lt; 0.001) carry HBsAg mutations localized in immune-active HBsAg regions4. Methods A study was conducted using a panel of 10 unique recombinant HBsAg immune escape mutants. Panel members were tested by commercially available HBsAg serological immunoassays. Results It was found that although commercially available HBsAg immunoassays are the primary diagnostic tool for HBV diagnosis, not all HBsAg immune escape mutants are detected, with some method detecting as few as 5 out of 10 of these mutant samples. Figure 1 Conclusion Improvement is needed in commercially available methods for the accurate detection of HBsAg. Disclosures Robert Gish, MD, Abbott (Consultant)AbbVie (Consultant, Advisor or Review Panel member, Speaker’s Bureau)Access Biologicals (Consultant)Antios (Consultant)Arrowhead (Consultant)Bayer (Consultant, Speaker’s Bureau)Bristol Myers (Consultant, Speaker’s Bureau)Dova (Consultant, Speaker’s Bureau)Dynavax (Consultant)Eiger (Consultant, Advisor or Review Panel member)Eisai (Consultant, Speaker’s Bureau)Enyo (Consultant)eStudySite (Consultant, Advisor or Review Panel member)Exelixis (Consultant)Fujifilm/Wako (Consultant)Genentech (Consultant)Genlantis (Consultant)Gilead (Consultant, Advisor or Review Panel member, Speaker’s Bureau)GLG (Consultant)HepaTX (Consultant, Advisor or Review Panel member)HepQuant (Consultant, Advisor or Review Panel member)Intercept (Consultant, Speaker’s Bureau)Ionis (Consultant)Janssen (Consultant)Laboratory for Advanced Medicine (Consultant)Lilly (Consultant)Merck (Consultant)Salix (Consultant, Speaker’s Bureau)Shionogi (Consultant, Speaker’s Bureau)Viking (Consultant)

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