The First Organismal Concept for an Extinct Species of Pinaceae:Pinus arnoldiiMiller

2011 ◽  
Vol 172 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley A. Klymiuk ◽  
Ruth A. Stockey ◽  
Gar W. Rothwell
Keyword(s):  
Extinct Species

Structure and Dynamics of Crucians’ Settlements (Cypriniformes, Carassius) in Water Systems of Eastern Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-284
Author(s):  
S. V. Mezhzherin ◽  
A. V. Kulish ◽  
S. V. Kokodiy
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Crucian Carp ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Numerous Species ◽  
Extinct Species ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Competitive Relations

Abstract The analysis of present-day crucians’ settlements in water systems of Eastern Ukraine designated the predominance of the digeneous Goldfish, C. auratus, in the region, the number of which made 78.7 %, from the total number of the examined representatives of the genus. The second group consists of gynogenetic Prussian carps, C. gibelio (14.3 %); it is represented by the clone biotype and recombinant individuals. Crucian carp, C. carassius (3.6 %), turned out to be rare and its number did not exceed the number of the caught hybrids C. auratus × C. carassius (3.4 %). The retrospective analysis of literature data and museum collections gave an opportunity to describe the changes in species composition of the genus which took place during the last 150 years. Within this period the crucian carp, which used to be the single and most common representative of genus Carassius (Jarocki, 1822) in the region, became nearly an extinct species. In the meanwhile the representatives of the group of species of Prussian carps, C. auratus + C. gibelio, which appeared in the region in the late 1960s, rapidly increased their number and became the most numerous fish of the Eastern Ukraine. The discovered tendency is not unique for the researched region; in general it reflects the European tendency for the crucian species. The reasons for that are rivers’ regulation and destruction of bottomland ecosystems. The secondary factors for the elimination of C. carassius are the competitive relations of individuals representing both species and easy hybridization, during which the more numerous species C. auratus absorbs the rare C. carassius.

A new extinct species of Snipe (Aves: Scolopacidae: Gallinago) from the West Indies

Zootaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4109 (3) ◽  
pp. 345 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID W. STEADMAN ◽  
OONA M. TAKANO
Keyword(s):  
West Indies ◽  
The West ◽  
Extinct Species

scholarly journals II.—On a Skull of Bos Primigenius Perforated by a Stone Celt

1874 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 492-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Carter
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Bone ◽  
Present Condition ◽  
Positive Evidence ◽  
Extinct Species

In 1863 the skull and a portion of the skeleton of a large extinct species of Ox (B. primigenius), which had been found in the peat of the Cambridgeshire Fens, and which apparently had been killed by a celt, was placed in the Woodwardian Museum at Cambridge. At the time of its deposition there a portion of the flint remained firmly fixed in a fracture in the frontal bone, being partially retained in sitû by a mass of peat: as, however, this peat gradually dried, it crumbled away, and the celt became loosened and displaced; moreover, some small fragments of bone fell away from the margin of the wound, so that in its present condition the specimen merely exhibits an irregular fracture in the forehead, in which a fragment of a flint implement lies loosely; but it no longer furnishes conclusive and positive evidence to prove that the fracture was actually caused by the celt which occupies it.

West Palearctic cobras of the genus Naja (Serpentes: Elapidae): interrelationships among extinct and extant species

1990 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Claude Rage ◽  
Zbigniew Szyndlar
Keyword(s):  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
African Species ◽  
Naja Naja ◽  
Extinct Species ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
Asiatic Species ◽  
Extinct Genus

AbstractSome basic osteological cranial features of living and fossil members of the genus Naja are described. The extinct genus Palaeonaja Hoffstetter, 1939, is synonymized with the modern Naja Laurenti, 1768, and the extinct species Palaeonaja crassa Hoffstetter, 1939, is synonymized with Naja romani (Hoffstetter, 1939). Anatomically, the genus Naja can be divided into two main complexes, composed of: (1) living African species, N. antiqua from the Moroccan Miocene, and N. iberica from the Spanish Miocene; (2) living Asiatic species and N. romani from the Miocene of France, Austria, and Ukraine. Living members of the Asiatic complex make up a monophyletic group; they belong to at least three distinct lineages: N. oxiana, N. naja s.s. ( = N. naja naja), and the remaining taxa named here informally the 'East Asiatic Naja'. The African complex is thought to be most primitive and perhaps paraphyletic; Africa is presumed to be the centre of earliest radiation of the genus. The precise relationships of Walterinnesia, a close relative of Naja occupying the area between Asiatic and African ranges of Naja, remain unclear.

scholarly journals Development of the turtle plastron, the order-defining skeletal structure

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (19) ◽  
pp. 5317-5322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritva Rice ◽  
Aki Kallonen ◽  
Judith Cebra-Thomas ◽  
Scott F. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Trachemys Scripta ◽  
Skeletal Structure ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
Extinct Species ◽  
Know How ◽  
Cartilage Development ◽  
Dermal Bones

The dorsal and ventral aspects of the turtle shell, the carapace and the plastron, are developmentally different entities. The carapace contains axial endochondral skeletal elements and exoskeletal dermal bones. The exoskeletal plastron is found in all extant and extinct species of crown turtles found to date and is synaptomorphic of the order Testudines. However, paleontological reconstructed transition forms lack a fully developed carapace and show a progression of bony elements ancestral to the plastron. To understand the evolutionary development of the plastron, it is essential to know how it has formed. Here we studied the molecular development and patterning of plastron bones in a cryptodire turtleTrachemys scripta. We show that plastron development begins at developmental stage 15 when osteochondrogenic mesenchyme forms condensates for each plastron bone at the lateral edges of the ventral mesenchyme. These condensations commit to an osteogenic identity and suppress chondrogenesis. Their development overlaps with that of sternal cartilage development in chicks and mice. Thus, we suggest that in turtles, the sternal morphogenesis is prevented in the ventral mesenchyme by the concomitant induction of osteogenesis and the suppression of chondrogenesis. The osteogenic subroutines later direct the growth and patterning of plastron bones in an autonomous manner. The initiation of plastron bone development coincides with that of carapacial ridge formation, suggesting that the development of dorsal and ventral shells are coordinated from the start and that adopting an osteogenesis-inducing and chondrogenesis-suppressing cell fate in the ventral mesenchyme has permitted turtles to develop their order-specific ventral morphology.

First fossil representative of Cerylonidae (Coleoptera: Coccinelloidea) described using X-ray micro-computed tomography, from Eocene Baltic amber

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5032 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-236
Author(s):  
ANDRIS BUKEJS ◽  
ADAM ŚLIPIŃSKI ◽  
JERIT L. MITCHELL ◽  
RYAN C. MCKELLAR ◽  
MAURICIO BARBI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
New Species ◽  
Baltic Amber ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Extinct Species ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Family

Based on material originating from five amber collections of Eocene Baltic amber, Protostomopsis pandema gen. et sp. nov. is described and illustrated using X-ray micro-computed tomography. It is the first formally described extinct species of Cerylonidae, and the first known Palaearctic representative of the subfamily Ostomopsinae. As such, the new species extends the temporal range of the family Cerylonidae by approximately 45 Ma.  

Two new Banksia species from pleistocene sediments in western Tasmania

1991 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 499 ◽  
Author(s):  
GI Jordan ◽  
RS Hill
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Extinct Species ◽  
The Third ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

Subtribe Banksiinae of the Proteaceae was diverse in Tasmania in the early and middle Tertiary, but is now restricted to two species, Banksia marginata and B. serrata. Rapid and extreme environmental changes during the Pleistocene are likely causes of the extinction of some Banksia species in Tasmania. Such extinctions may have been common in many taxonomic groups. The leaves and infructescences of Banksia kingii Jordan & Hill, sp. nov. are described from late Pleistocene sediments. This is the most recent macrofossil record of a now extinct species in Tasmania. Banksia kingii is related to the extant B. saxicola. Banksia strahanensis Jordan & Hill, sp. nov. (known only from a leaf and leaf fragments and related to B. spinulosa) is described from Early to Middle Pleistocene sediments in Tasmania. This represents the third Pleistocene macrofossil record of a plant species which is now extinct in Tasmania.

Fossil Grass Anthoecia Within Miocene Rhinoceros Skeletons: Diet in an Extinct Species

Science ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 206 (4416) ◽  
pp. 331-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. VOORHIES ◽  
J. R. THOMASSON
Keyword(s):  
Extinct Species
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