scholarly journals Inadequate Statistical Power of Published Comparative Cohort Studies on Ventilator‐Associated Pneumonia to Detect Mortality Differences

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew E. Falagas ◽  
Vasilios D. Kouranos ◽  
Argyris Michalopoulos ◽  
Sophia P. Rodopoulou ◽  
Anastasia P. Athanasoulia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Inadequate Statistical Power

scholarly journals The Misuse of ‘No Significant Difference’ in British Orthopaedic Literature

2008 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
SA Sexton ◽  
N Ferguson ◽  
C Pearce ◽  
DM Ricketts
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Power Analysis ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Sufficient Power ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Orthopaedic Literature ◽  
Inadequate Statistical Power

INTRODUCTION Many studies published in medical journals do not consider the statistical power required to detect a meaningful difference between study groups. As a result, these studies are often underpowered: the sample size may not be large enough to pick up a statistically significant difference (or other effect of interest) of a given size between the study groups. Therefore, the conclusion that there is no statistically significant difference between groups cannot be made unless a study has been shown to have sufficient power. The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of negative studies with inadequate statistical power in British journals to which orthopaedic surgeons regularly submit. MATERIALS AND METHODS We assessed all papers in the last consecutive six issues prior to the start of the study (April 2005) in The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (British), Injury, and Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. We sought published evidence that a power analysis had been performed in association with the main hypothesis of the paper. RESULTS There were a total of 170 papers in which a statistical comparison of two or more groups was undertaken. Of these 170 papers, 49 (28.8%) stated as their primary conclusion that there was no statistically significant difference between the groups studied. Of these 49 papers, only 3 (6.1%) had performed a power analysis demonstrating adequate sample size. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that the majority of negative studies in the British orthopaedic literature that we have looked at have not performed the statistical analysis necessary to reach their stated conclusions. In order to remedy this, we recommend that the journals sampled include the following guidance in their instructions to authors: the statement ‘no statistically significant difference was found between study groups’ should be accompanied by the results of a power analysis.

Gender considerations in acute coronary syndromes

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Swahn ◽  
Joakim Alfredsson ◽  
Sofia Sederholm Lawesson
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Proper Treatment ◽  
The Future ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Mixed Populations ◽  
Gender Differences And Similarities ◽  
Inadequate Statistical Power

It is a very important issue to enlighten on gender differences and similarities regarding the management of patients with acute coronary syndromes. It is a fact that women have not been included in clinical trials in numbers equal to men, for whatever reason. In the future, it will be necessary to individualize, as much as possible, the management of patients, regardless of gender. To get there, it is necessary to have sufficient numbers of patients from both genders included in trials, or otherwise it is not possible to draw proper conclusions. Until now, most results regarding women and acute coronary syndromes have been based on substudy analyses with inadequate statistical power. If gender differences have become evident in studies with gender-mixed populations, it seems obvious that the calculated power to show significant differences is also inadequate for men. There is an urgent need of more research in this area, in order not to harm our patients with our treatment because of a paucity of knowledge. It is also as important not to withdraw proper treatment from certain individuals when they can benefit from it.

Gender considerations in acute coronary syndromes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Swahn ◽  
Joakim Alfredsson ◽  
Sofia Sederholm Lawesson
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Proper Treatment ◽  
The Future ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Mixed Populations ◽  
Gender Differences And Similarities ◽  
Inadequate Statistical Power

It is a very important issue to enlighten on gender differences and similarities regarding the management of patients with acute coronary syndromes. It is a fact that women have not been included in clinical trials in numbers equal to men, for whatever reason. In the future, it will be necessary to individualize, as much as possible, the management of patients, regardless of gender. To get there, it is necessary to have sufficient numbers of patients from both genders included in trials, or otherwise it is not possible to draw proper conclusions. Until now, most results regarding women and acute coronary syndromes have been based on substudy analyses with inadequate statistical power. If gender differences have become evident in studies with gender-mixed populations, it seems obvious that the calculated power to show significant differences is also inadequate for men. There is an urgent need of more research in this area, in order not to harm our patients with our treatment because of a paucity of knowledge. It is also as important not to withdraw proper treatment from certain individuals when they can benefit from it.

Perinatal epidemiology: Issues, challenges, and potential solutions

2020 ◽  
pp. 1753495X2094898
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Giannakou
Keyword(s):  
Observational Studies ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Perinatal Epidemiology ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Inadequate Statistical Power ◽  
Methodological Difficulties

Perinatal epidemiology research is concerned with identifying the effects of events during pregnancy on pregnancy outcomes that include maternal, fetal, and neonatal health outcomes. Randomized trials in perinatal research face many challenges, including randomization difficulties, ethical considerations, and inadequate statistical power due to the small number of subjects eligible for participation. For these reasons, most epidemiological studies conducted in this research field are observational and include different types of bias. This review describes the key methodological difficulties in the design and analysis of randomized and observational studies in perinatal epidemiology, and provides potential corrective approaches.

scholarly journals Inadequate statistical power in Barrett's oesophagus ablation study * Authors' response

Gut ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 884-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
C H Lim ◽  
V Ramappa ◽  
M M Ahmed ◽  
M. Hall ◽  
S. Wani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Power ◽  
Barrett’S Oesophagus ◽  
Barrett's Oesophagus ◽  
Ablation Study ◽  
Inadequate Statistical Power

Inadequate Statistical Power of Negative Clinical Trials in Urological Literature

2006 ◽  
Vol 176 (1) ◽  
pp. 263-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney H. Breau ◽  
Toby A. Carnat ◽  
Isabelle Gaboury
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Inadequate Statistical Power

The Prevalence of Negative Studies with Inadequate Statistical Power

2002 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin C. Chung ◽  
Loree K. Kalliainen ◽  
Sandra V. Spilson ◽  
Madonna R. Walters ◽  
Hyungjin Myra Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Power ◽  
Inadequate Statistical Power

374: Inadequate Statistical Power of Negative Studies in Urology Literature

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 98-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney H. Breau ◽  
Toby A. Carnat ◽  
Isabelle Gaboury
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Power ◽  
Inadequate Statistical Power

Gender considerations in acute coronary syndromes

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Swahn ◽  
Joakim Alfredsson ◽  
Sofia Sederholm Lawesson
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Proper Treatment ◽  
The Future ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Mixed Populations ◽  
Gender Differences And Similarities ◽  
Inadequate Statistical Power

It is a very important issue to enlighten on gender differences and similarities regarding the management of patients with acute coronary syndromes. It is a fact that women have not been included in clinical trials in numbers equal to men, for whatever reason. In the future, it will be necessary to individualize, as much as possible, the management of patients, regardless of gender. To get there, it is necessary to have sufficient numbers of patients from both genders included in trials, or otherwise it is not possible to draw proper conclusions. Until now, most results regarding women and acute coronary syndromes have been based on substudy analyses with inadequate statistical power. If gender differences have become evident in studies with gender-mixed populations, it seems obvious that the calculated power to show significant differences is also inadequate for men. There is an urgent need of more research in this area, in order not to harm our patients with our treatment because of a paucity of knowledge. It is also as important not to withdraw proper treatment from certain individuals when they can benefit from it.

The Prevalence of Negative Studies with Inadequate Statistical Power

2002 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin C. Chung ◽  
Loree K. Kalliainen ◽  
Sandra V. Spilson ◽  
Madonna R. Walters ◽  
Hyungjin Myra Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Power ◽  
Inadequate Statistical Power
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