Ethical Considerations in the Use of Subliminal Stimulation to Improve Handwashing Compliance Scientific Utility Versus Autonomy of the Individual

1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. Edmond ◽  
Richard P. Wenzel
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
The United States ◽  
Intensive Care Unit Setting ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Infection Transmission ◽  
Subliminal Stimulation ◽  
The Individual

Nosocomial infections remain a significant problem for the healthcare system in the United States. At least 5% of patients will acquire an infection during their hospital stay, extending hospitalization by four days per infection, directly accounting for an estimated 60,000 deaths per year and an additional $10 billion of the amount spent on healthcare.Previous studies have demonstrated that pathogenic bacteria can be recovered from the hands of healthcare workers and transmitted to patients. Moreover, a recent study has shown that hand carriage of organisms and subsequent contact may be the most important mechanism of nosocomial infection transmission in the intensive care unit setting.

scholarly journals La construcción social del sueño americano en la frontera entre México y Estados Unidos. Formación y proyectos migratorios de los estudiantes de enfermería

Revista Trace ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Patrick Pérez
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Home Country ◽  
The United States ◽  
Topical Issue ◽  
The Real ◽  
Conditions De Travail ◽  
Personnel De Santé ◽  
The Individual

En México, el “sueño americano” no deja de ser reciente, las expectativas del personal de cuidado de la salud en materia de movilidad dependen de la iniciativa individual. Los factores que determinan tanto la migración, como la admisión de los candidatos, son numerosos y difíciles de objetivar, debido a que se encuentran sedimentados por la historia y las complejas relaciones con Estados Unidos, que simbolizan la promesa de un “horizonte de movilidad abierto”, con referencia al cual se desprecian profundamente las condiciones de trabajo en el país de origen. Sin embargo, las condiciones reales de trabajo en Estados Unidos no son tan idílicas como los estudiantes gustan creerlo.Abstract: In Mexico, the “American dream” is still a topical issue. The expectations of the healthcare workers in terms of mobility depends on the individual initiative. The factors which determine migration, as well as the admission of candidates are numerous and uneasy to specify, given that they are frozen by history and complex relations with the United States, which symbolizes the promise of an “open mobility horizon”, in reference to the disregard of working conditions in their home country. However, the real working conditions in the United-States are not as idyllic as the students want to believe.Résumé : Au Mexique, le « rêve américain » n’en finit pas d’être d’actualité. Les perspectives du personnel de santé en matière de mobilité dépendent de l’initiative individuelle. Les facteurs déterminants de la migration, ainsi que de l’admission des candidats sont nombreux et difficiles à spécifier, puisqu’ils sont figés par l’histoire et les relations complexes avec les États-Unis, lesquels symbolisent la promesse d’un « horizon de mobilité ouvert », et font référence au mépris des conditions de travail dans le pays d’origine. Cependant, les conditions réelles de travail aux États-Unis ne sont pas aussi idylliques que les étudiants veulent le croire.

‘A Routh O’ Auld Nick-Nackets’ – the antiquarian collection of John Rae

2015 ◽  
Vol 36-37 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-183
Author(s):  
Paul Taylor
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Representative Case ◽  
National Museums ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University

John Rae, a Scottish antiquarian collector and spirit merchant, played a highly prominent role in the local natural history societies and exhibitions of nineteenth-century Aberdeen. While he modestly described his collection of archaeological lithics and other artefacts, principally drawn from Aberdeenshire but including some items from as far afield as the United States, as a mere ‘routh o’ auld nick-nackets' (abundance of old knick-knacks), a contemporary singled it out as ‘the best known in private hands' (Daily Free Press 4/5/91). After Rae's death, Glasgow Museums, National Museums Scotland, the University of Aberdeen Museum and the Pitt Rivers Museum in Oxford, as well as numerous individual private collectors, purchased items from the collection. Making use of historical and archive materials to explore the individual biography of Rae and his collection, this article examines how Rae's collecting and other antiquarian activities represent and mirror wider developments in both the ‘amateur’ antiquarianism carried out by Rae and his fellow collectors for reasons of self-improvement and moral education, and the ‘professional’ antiquarianism of the museums which purchased his artefacts. Considered in its wider nineteenth-century context, this is a representative case study of the early development of archaeology in the wider intellectual, scientific and social context of the era.

scholarly journals Investigation and Containment of New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase (NDM)–Producing Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in a Hospital Intensive Care Unit

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s305-s305
Author(s):  
Karoline Sperling ◽  
Amy Priddy ◽  
Nila Suntharam ◽  
Adam Karlen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Outpatient Surgery ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Point Prevalence Study ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Organisms ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae

Background: With increasing medical tourism and international healthcare, emerging multidrug resistant organisms (MDROs) or “superbugs” are becoming more prevalent. These MDROs are unique because they are resistant to antibiotics and can carry special resistance mechanisms. In April 2019, our hospital was notified that a superbug, New Delhi Metallo-β-lactamase(NDM)–producing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), was identified in a patient who had been transferred to another hospital after being at our hospital for 3 weeks. Our facility had a CRE admission screening protocol in place since 2013, but this patient did not meet the criteria to be screened on admission. Methods: The infection prevention (IP) team consulted with the Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) and gathered stakeholders to discuss containment strategies using the updated 2019 CDC Interim Guidance for Public Health Response to Contain Novel or Targeted Multidrug-resistant Organisms (MDROs) to determine whether transmission to other patients had occurred. NDM CRE was classified under tier 2 organisms, meaning those primarily associated with healthcare settings and not commonly identified in the region, and we used this framework to conduct an investigation. A point-prevalence study was done in an intensive care unit that consisted of rectal screening of 7 patients for both CRE and Candida auris, another emerging MDRO. These swabs were sent to the Antibiotic Resistance Laboratory Network (ARLN) Central Regional Lab at MDH for testing. An on-site infection control risk assessment was done by the MDH Infection Control Assessment and Response (ICAR) team. Results: All 7 patients were negative for both CRE and C. auris, and no further screening was done. During the investigation, it was discovered that the patient had had elective ambulatory surgery outside the United States in March 2019. The ICAR team assessment provided overall positive feedback to the nursing unit about isolation procedures, cleaning products, and hand hygiene product accessibility. Opportunities included set-up of soiled utility room and updating our process to the 2019 MDH recommendation to screen patients for CRE and C. auris on admission who have been hospitalized, had outpatient surgery, or hemodialysis outside the United States in the previous year. Conclusions: Point-prevalence study results showed no transmission of CRE and highlighted the importance of standard precautions. This event supports the MDH recommendation to screen for CRE any patients who have been hospitalized, had outpatient surgery, or had hemodialysis outside the United States in the previous year.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

Medicaid Not Required to Fund Medically Necessary Abortions

1980 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
George J. Annas
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
United States Supreme Court ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Constitution ◽  
Medical Procedures ◽  
Poor Women ◽  
Law Enforcement Agency ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Joint Resolution

In an extraordinary and highly controversial 5-4 decision, the United States Supreme Court decided on June 30, 1980, that the United States Constitution does not require either the federal government or the individual states to fund medically necessary abortions for poor women who qualify for Medicaid.At issue in this case is the constitutionality of the Hyde Amendment. The applicable 1980 version provides:|N]one of the funds provided by this joint resolution shall be used to perform abortions except where the life of the mother would be endangered if the fetus were carried to term; or except for such medical procedures necessary for the victims of rape or incest when such rape or incest has been reported promptly to a law enforcement agency or public health service, (emphasis supplied)

scholarly journals US Rural Surgeons Leading During COVID-19: Where Are They Now?

2020 ◽  
pp. 000313482096005
Author(s):  
Michael Sarap ◽  
Julie Conyers ◽  
Crystal Cunningham ◽  
Adam Deutchman ◽  
Glenn Levine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Lives ◽  
The Individual

Rural surgeons from disparate areas of the United States report on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in their communities as the virus has spread across the country. The pandemic has brought significant changes to the professional, economic, and social lives of the individual surgeons and their communities.

scholarly journals Evolving oxygenation management reasoning in COVID-19

Diagnosis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-383
Author(s):  
Steven Liu ◽  
Cara Sweeney ◽  
Nalinee Srisarajivakul-Klein ◽  
Amanda Klinger ◽  
Irina Dimitrova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure ◽  
Hospital Wards

AbstractThe initial phase of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in the United States saw rapidly-rising patient volumes along with shortages in personnel, equipment, and intensive care unit (ICU) beds across many New York City hospitals. As our hospital wards quickly filled with unstable, hypoxemic patients, our hospitalist group was forced to fundamentally rethink the way we triaged and managed cases of hypoxemic respiratory failure. Here, we describe the oxygenation protocol we developed and implemented in response to changing norms for acuity on inpatient wards. By reflecting on lessons learned, we re-evaluate the applicability of these oxygenation strategies in the evolving pandemic. We hope to impart to other providers the insights we gained with the challenges of management reasoning in COVID-19.

The great Chinese surprise: the rupture with the United States is real and is happening

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-437
Author(s):  
Xiangfeng Yang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Pendulum Swing ◽  
The Us ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Trade War ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Ample evidence exists that China was caught off guard by the Trump administration's onslaught of punishing acts—the trade war being a prime, but far from the only, example. This article, in addition to contextualizing their earlier optimism about the relations with the United States under President Trump, examines why Chinese leaders and analysts were surprised by the turn of events. It argues that three main factors contributed to the lapse of judgment. First, Chinese officials and analysts grossly misunderstood Donald Trump the individual. By overemphasizing his pragmatism while downplaying his unpredictability, they ended up underprepared for the policies he unleashed. Second, some ingrained Chinese beliefs, manifested in the analogies of the pendulum swing and the ‘bickering couple’, as well as the narrative of the ‘ballast’, lulled officials and scholars into undue optimism about the stability of the broader relationship. Third, analytical and methodological problems as well as political considerations prevented them from fully grasping the strategic shift against China in the US.

scholarly journals Healthcare-Associated Infections among Patients in a Large Burn Intensive Care Unit: Incidence and Pathogens, 2008–2012

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 1304-1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Weber ◽  
David van Duin ◽  
Lauren M. DiBiase ◽  
Charles Scott Hultman ◽  
Samuel W. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Burn Injuries ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Burn injuries are a common source of morbidity and mortality in the United States, with an estimated 450,000 burn injuries requiring medical treatment, 40,000 requiring hospitalization, and 3,400 deaths from burns annually in the United States. Patients with severe burns are at high risk for local and systemic infections. Furthermore, burn patients are immunosuppressed, as thermal injury results in less phagocytic activity and lymphokine production by macrophages. In recent years, multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens have become major contributors to morbidity and mortality in burn patients.Since only limited data are available on the incidence of both device- and nondevice-associated healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in burn patients, we undertook this retrospective cohort analysis of patients admitted to our burn intensive care unit (ICU) from 2008 to 2012.

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